Michael Witmore

Last updated
Michael Witmore
Michael Witmore vertical.jpg
Michael Witmore
Born (1967-05-03) May 3, 1967 (age 57)
Alma mater Vassar College
University of California, Berkeley
Occupation(s)Nonprofit leader, Shakespeare scholar, digital preservationist

Michael Witmore (born May 3, 1967) is a scholar of Shakespeare and rhetoric, a digital humanist, and former director of a library and cultural institution. He served as the director of the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C., from 2011 to June 2024, during which the Folger Shakespeare Library conceived and completed an $81.5 million, four-year renovation project. He currently consults on digital preservation and cultural accessibility.

Contents

Early life and career

Michael Witmore graduated from Vassar College in 1989 with a bachelor's degree in English. [1] He has an M.A. and a Ph.D. in rhetoric from the University of California, Berkeley. From 1999 to 2008, he was an assistant professor and then an associate professor of English at Carnegie Mellon University. From 2008 to 2011, he was a professor of English at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. [1] [2] [3]

Witmore's books include Culture of Accidents: Unexpected Knowledges in Early Modern England (2001), the co-winner of the 2003 Perkins Prize for the study of narrative literature; [4] Pretty Creatures: Children and Fiction in the English Renaissance (2007); Shakespearean Metaphysics (2008); and Landscapes of the Passing Strange: Reflections from Shakespeare (2010) with photographer Rosamond Purcell. He co-edited Childhood and Children's Books in Early Modern Europe, 1550–1800 (2006) and Shakespeare and Early Modern Religion (2015). [2]

Digital humanities

A pioneer in the use of computers for digital analysis of the texts of William Shakespeare, Witmore launched and directed the Working Group for Digital Inquiry at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and organized the Pittsburgh Consortium for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. [2] [5] [6] He also founded Wine Dark Sea, a blog on the nature of linguistic variation in Shakespeare's plays and early modern English text.

Witmore is interested in how the resources of computing, when applied to collections of digitized texts, can allow scholars to do intellectual and cultural history "at the level of the sentence." [7] He is known for proposing that "massive addressability" is a fundamental feature of texts. [8] [9]

Witmore is currently working on a project with Vint Cerf (Google) called "Digital Vellum," which aims to preserve and transmit cultural materials in digital form centuries into the future. [10]

Folger Shakespeare Library

As the director of the Folger Shakespeare Library, Witmore developed a new strategic plan, which was accepted by the board in 2013. [3] From 2020 to June 2024, the Folger building temporarily closed for a major renovation project, adding two new exhibition halls, extensive new gardens that incorporate two large entry ramps, and accessible visitor entrances below the existing building, in addition to other changes. [11] The renovation project incorporated commissioned art, including a poem by Rita Dove engraved beside a garden path, a light and paper sculpture by Anke Neumann, [12] and an installation by Fred Wilson (artist). [13] [14] [15]

During Witmore's tenure, the Folger pursued multiple digital humanities (DH) projects, including Early Modern Manuscripts Online (EMMO), Shakespeare's World (a crowdsourced manuscripts project), Shakespeare Documented, [16] A Digital Anthology of Early Modern English Drama (EMED), [17] and apps with a social reading platform for seven of Shakespeare's most-known plays. [18] In addition, the Folger editions of Shakespeare's plays and poems were made available in free, searchable form — originally as the Folger Digital Texts, launched in 2012, and then, in 2020, as The Folger Shakespeare. [19] [20]

Witmore led the Folger in celebrating three major Shakespeare anniversaries: the 450th anniversary of Shakespeare's birth in 2014, the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare's death in 2016, [21] and the 400th anniversary of the First Folio of Shakespeare in 2023. In preparation for the first two anniversaries, the library updated and renovated its Great Hall exhibition space [22] and completed a number of upgrades to its Elizabethan Theatre. [23] The Folger marked the 2014 anniversary of Shakespeare's birth with Shakespeare's the Thing, an exhibition of Shakespeare-related items curated by Folger staff members. For the 2016 anniversary of his death, the Folger organized a traveling national tour, First Folio! The Book That Gave Us Shakespeare, which displayed First Folios from the Folger collection in all 50 states, Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico, with public programs and events at the host sites. [1] [24] [25] Other aspects of the 2016 anniversary celebration included a C-SPAN2 Book TV live broadcast on the anniversary date, [26] a Los Angeles exhibition on America's Shakespeare: The Bard Goes West, [27] launching a continuing Theater Partnership Program nationwide, commissioning the vocal work "The Isle" (based on The Tempest ) by Caroline Shaw, [28] premiering District Merchants, a variation of The Merchant of Venice set in Washington, D.C., after the Civil War, [29] and piloting the CrossTalk DC community discussion program on race and religion as part of the NEH’s Humanities in the Public Square program. [30] [31] In 2023, the Folger produced Searching for Shakespeare, a festival of events for the anniversary of Shakespeare's First Folio, in partnership with the District of Columbia Public Library system, including the premiere of the play Our Verse in Time to Come by Malik Work and Karen Ann Daniels, in collaboration with Devin E. Haqq, the Shakespeare's Birthday Lecture, a citywide scavenger hunt, workshops and family activities, and the exhibition of a Folger First Folio at the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library. [32]

Under Witmore, the Folger also produced many other projects, among them Manifold Greatness: The Creation and Afterlife of the King James Bible, an NEH-funded 2011–13 national touring panel exhibition on the 400th anniversary of the 1611 King James Bible, with the Bodleian Library of the University of Oxford; the Shakespeare Unlimited podcast series, for which Witmore recorded introductions to more than 200 episodes; [33] the general-audience Shakespeare & Beyond blog; the Folger Shakespeare Audio Editions, studio recordings of seven Shakespeare plays by the Folger Theatre; and what is believed to be the first professional performance in centuries of William Davenant's adaptation of Macbeth from about 1664. [34] Other Folger projects included Experiencing Shakespeare, an electronic field trip used by hundreds of thousands of students and produced by Folger Education, which won two regional Emmys; [35] curricula on Romeo and Juliet , Hamlet , and Othello for grades 9, 10, and 12 in the District of Columbia Public Schools (DCPS); [36] and Black Shakespeare, an award-winning curriculum for Reconstruction, an online education platform. The Folger also organized "Before 'Farm to Table,'" a four-year collaborative research project funded by the Mellon Foundation that included scholars in multiple disciplines, performers, chefs, and others, on early modern food and foodways and their social and international impact, including a commissioned theatrical work, Confection. [37] [38] Witmore also sought out new ways to combine science and the humanities, including DNA research on the dust in centuries-old books. [39]

While serving as Folger director, Witmore was the co-curator with photographer and co-author Rosamond Purcell of the 2012 Folger exhibition Very Like a Whale, based on their book Landscapes of the Passing Strange, [40] [41] and the co-curator with Heather Wolfe, the Folger curator of manuscripts and associate librarian, of the 2019 Folger exhibition, A Monument to Shakespeare: The Architecture of the Folger Shakespeare Library. [42] He gave the Folger's annual Shakespeare's Birthday Lecture in 2017, [43] spoke at multiple Folger Institute symposia, served as a faculty member at several Folger Institute seminars, and gave pre-show talks before Folger Theatre performances of Shakespeare plays and plays inspired by Shakespeare. [44] Among other public appearances, he gave a Lowell Lecture on "Civic Shakespeare" in 2019 hosted by Boston College [45] and appeared in numerous interviews and panel discussions. [46]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Folger Shakespeare Library</span> Independent research library in Washington, D.C.

The Folger Shakespeare Library is an independent research library on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., United States. It has the world's largest collection of the printed works of William Shakespeare, and is a primary repository for rare materials from the early modern period (1500–1750) in Britain and Europe. The library was established by Henry Clay Folger in association with his wife, Emily Jordan Folger. It opened in 1932, two years after his death.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Folio</span> 1623 collection of William Shakespeares plays

Mr. William Shakespeare's Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies is a collection of plays by William Shakespeare, commonly referred to by modern scholars as the First Folio, published in 1623, about seven years after Shakespeare's death. It is considered one of the most influential books ever published.

Sir Andrew Jonathan Bate, is a British academic, biographer, critic, broadcaster, scholar, and occasional novelist, playwright and poet. He specializes in Shakespeare, Romanticism and ecocriticism. He is Regents Professor of Literature and Foundation Professor of Environmental Humanities in a joint appointment in the Department of English in The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences and the School of Sustainability in the Global Futures Laboratory at Arizona State University, as well as a Senior Research Fellow at Worcester College, Oxford, where he holds the title of Professor of English Literature. Bate was Provost of Worcester College from 2011 to 2019. From 2017 to 2019 he was Gresham Professor of Rhetoric in the City of London. He was knighted in 2015 for services to literary scholarship and higher education. He is also Chair of the Hawthornden Foundation.

The Shakespeare Theatre Company is a regional theatre company located in Washington, D.C. The theatre company focuses primarily on plays from the Shakespeare canon, but its seasons include works by other classic playwrights such as Euripides, Ibsen, Wilde, Shaw, Schiller, Coward and Tennessee Williams. The company manages and performs in two spaces: The Michael R. Klein Theatre and Sidney Harman Hall. In cooperation with George Washington University, they run the STC Academy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">American Shakespeare Center</span> Regional theatre company located in Staunton, Virginia, focusing on Shakespeare

The American Shakespeare Center (ASC) is a regional theatre company located in Staunton, Virginia, that focuses on the plays of William Shakespeare; his contemporaries Ben Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher, Christopher Marlowe; and works related to Shakespeare, like James Goldman's The Lion in Winter and Bob Carlton's Return to the Forbidden Planet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joseph Quincy Adams Jr.</span> 20th-century American Shakespeare scholar (1880–1946)

Joseph Quincy Adams Jr. was a prominent Shakespeare scholar and the first officially appointed director of the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C.

Teena Rochfort-Smith was a Victorian Shakespearean scholar and philologist most notable for her contributions to the form of the scholarly edition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peggy O'Brien</span>

Peggy O'Brien is an American educator who is the founding director of education at the Folger Shakespeare Library and an authority in the teaching of Shakespeare and literature. She is a director of SAGE Publications, board chair of St. Coletta School in Washington, D.C. and past board chair at Trinity Washington University. She is general editor of the Shakespeare Set Free series of books on the teaching of Shakespeare. O'Brien is a resident consulting teacher at the Brooklyn Academy of Music and launched and published Shakespeare Magazine. O'Brien teaches at Georgetown University and Trinity Washington University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ewan Fernie</span> British scholar and writer

Ewan Fernie is a British scholar and writer. He is professor, fellow and chair of Shakespeare Studies at the Shakespeare Institute, University of Birmingham. He is also director of the pioneering 'Everything to Everybody' Project, a collaboration between the University of Birmingham and Birmingham City Council.

Karenne Wood was a member of the Monacan Indian tribe who was known for her poetry and for her work in tribal history. She served as the director of the Virginia Indian Programs at Virginia Humanities, in Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S. She directed a tribal history project for the Monacan Nation, conducted research at the National Museum of the American Indian, and served on the National Congress of American Indians' Repatriation Commission. In 2015, she was named one of the Library of Virginia's "Virginia Women in History".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1Lib1Ref</span> Campaign for library engagement with Wikipedia

#1Lib1Ref is a Wikipedia campaign inviting librarians to participate in the online encyclopedia project, specifically improving articles by adding citations.

<i>Plimpton Sieve Portrait of Queen Elizabeth I</i> 1579 painting by George Gower

The Plimpton Sieve Portrait of Queen Elizabeth I is an oil painting by English painter George Gower dated 1579, and now in the collection of the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C. It is one of three near-identical portraits of Elizabeth I by Gower that represent the queen holding a symbolic sieve. It was acquired by George Arthur Plimpton in 1930, hence the name. His son, Francis T. P. Plimpton, willed it to the Folger.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trevelyon Miscellany of 1608</span>

The Trevelyon Miscellany of 1608, compiled by Thomas Trevelyon in London, England in 1608, is an illustrated manuscript miscellany containing handwritten notes and drawings on historical, religious, social and practical themes, adapted from a variety of sources, including the Bible and ancient and contemporary English writers. According to Dr. Heather Wolfe, Curator of Manuscripts and Archivist at the Folger Shakespeare Library, "the primary purposes of the Trevelyon miscellany ... are didactic and mnemonic. The extracts and examples from secular, allegorical, and Protestant texts are an enduring monument for improving one's moral conduct in this life and preparing for the next."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Trevelyon</span>

Thomas Trevelyon lived in England and is believed to have been an embroidery pattern drawer. He is long known for having compiled two large manuscript miscellanies, the Miscellany of 1608 now in the collection of the Folger Shakespeare Library, and the Great Book of 1616 now in the library at Wormsley Park. A third miscellany, in the collection of University College London was identified as being in his hand in 2012, and dates to circa 1603.

Jeffrey A. Masten is an American academic specializing in Renaissance English literature and culture and the history of sexuality. He is the author and editor of numerous books and scholarly articles. Masten's book Queer Philologies was awarded the 2018 Elizabeth Dietz Prize for the best book in the field of early modern drama by the journal SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900. He was named a Guggenheim Fellow in English Literature for 2022.

Jane Ohlmeyer,, is a historian and academic, specialising in early modern Irish and British history. She is the Erasmus Smith's Professor of Modern History (1762) at Trinity College Dublin and Chair of the Irish Research Council, which funds frontier research across all disciplines.

Gail Kern Paster is an American Shakespeare scholar, historian and writer.

Amanda Eubanks Winkler is a British-American scholar of English music and theater. She is Director of the Department of Music at Mason Gross School of the Arts, Rutgers University. Formerly she was Chair and Professor of Music History and Cultures in the Department of Art and Music Histories at Syracuse University College of Arts and Sciences. Between 2017–2020, she collaborated with the theater historian Richard Schoch on the AHRC Research Project Performing Restoration Shakespeare.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cosin's Library</span>

Bishop Cosin's Library, originally the Episcopal Library or Bibliotheca Episcopalis Dunelmensis, is an historic library founded in 1669 in Durham, England. Owned by the University of Durham, the library is open to the public.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heather Wolfe</span>

Heather Ruth Wolfe is an American curator of manuscripts and archivist at the Folger Shakespeare Library. A "Shakespeare detective", she has been noted for her research into the history of the Shakespeare coat of arms. She headed "Shakespeare Documented", a project to make contemporary texts involving Shakespeare available online, and is involved in the similar "Early Modern Manuscripts Online" (EMMO) project.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Selden, Richard. "Beyond Vassar: Honoring the Bard", Vassar, the Alumnae/i Quarterly, February 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 Witmore, Michael. "Curriculum Vitae", Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved on May 9, 2017.
  3. 1 2 "Dr. Michael Witmore", Staff Directory. Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved on May 9, 2017.
  4. ↑ "The Barbara Perkins and George Perkins Prize: Past Prize Winners", International Society for the Study of Narrative, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. Retrieved on May 10, 2017.
  5. ↑ "Michael Witmore, Contributor", Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved on May 10, 2017.
  6. ↑ Ungerleider, Neal. "The Data-Mining’s The Thing: Shakespeare Takes Center Stage in the Digital Age", Fast Company, December 14, 2011.
  7. ↑ "Michael Witmore: Shakespeare from the Waist Down". Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities (MITH), University of Maryland.
  8. ↑ "Latour, the Digital Humanities, and the Divided Kingdom of Knowledge", Project MUSE.
  9. ↑ "Text: A Massively Addressable Object", Wine Dark Sea blog. December 31, 2010.
  10. ↑ “ATLAS Colloquium: Michael Witmore on If, And, or But: Shakespeare’s Genres in Three Words.” September 24, 2024. Atlas Institute, University of Colorado Boulder.
  11. ↑ McGlone, Peggy. "Folger Shakespeare Library plans underground expansion," Washington Post, April 11, 2019.
  12. ↑ "New Paper Sculpture at Folger Pays Homage to its 16th and 17th Century Book Collection," Fine Books & Collections, October 22, 2023.
  13. ↑ Kennicott, Philip. “The world’s largest Shakespeare collection finally has the home it deserves,” The Washington Post, June 21, 2024.
  14. ↑ Schuessler, Jennifer. “The Folger Library Wants to Reintroduce You to Shakespeare,” New York Times, June 21, 2024.
  15. ↑ Smith, David. “‘We’re going to find the next Shakespeare’: inside DC’s $80m library renovation,” The Guardian, June 22, 2024.
  16. ↑ Richter, Barbara Basbanes. "90 Shakespeare Documents Recognized on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register" Fine Books & Collections. January 2018. (Note that this discusses the UNESCO register in the headline but also describes the Shakespeare Documented project.)
  17. ↑ Ferington, Esther. "Shining a Light on the Other Playwrights of Shakespeare's Day," Shakespeare & Beyond blog, June 8, 2018. Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  18. ↑ Katherine Rowe, Professor of English, Bryn Mawr College. "The Luminary Folger Shakespeare" Shaksper, the Global Electronic Shakespeare Conference. May 24, 2013. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  19. ↑ "Macbeth Goes Digital: Folger Shakespeare Library Launches Digital Texts." Stony Brook University Libraries. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  20. ↑ "Annual Report," July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021. Folger Shakespeare Library]].
  21. ↑ "The Wonder of Will: 400 Years of Shakespeare". Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  22. ↑ "Annual Report", July 1, 2012 to June 30, 2013. Folger Shakespeare Library.
  23. ↑ "Annual Report," July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015. Folger Shakespeare Library.
  24. ↑ "About the Folger First Folios". Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  25. ↑ "Michael Witmore, Director of the Folger Shakespeare Library", NEA Art Works podcast, April 29, 2016, National Endowment for the Arts. Transcript and audio.
  26. ↑ "400th Anniversary of William Shakespeare's Death" April 23, 2016, C-SPAN.
  27. ↑ Babayan, Siran. "America's Shakespeare: The Bard Goes West," LA Weekly .
  28. ↑ French, Esther. "Hearing island voices: Roomful of Teeth's Caroline Shaw talks Shakespeare and 'The Tempest', Shakespeare & Beyond blog, November 13, 2016. Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  29. ↑ Blair, Elizabeth. "This Shakespeare Reconstruction Sets Merchant in Post-Civil War D.C.", NPR, June 30, 2016.
  30. ↑ "Trinity Partners with Folger Shakespeare Library for "CrossTalk: D.C. Reflects on Identity and Difference". Trinity. Press release, September 28, 2016.
  31. ↑ Esther French (June 8, 2018). "CrossTalk DC: Sparking Conversations about Shakespeare, Race, and Religion". Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  32. ↑ "Searching for Shakespeare," Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  33. ↑ Shakespeare Unlimited podcast; linked audio and transcripts to 200-plus episodes include Witmore introductions. Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved on March 16, 2023.
  34. ↑ "Annual Report," July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019. Folger Shakespeare Library.
  35. ↑ "APT Wins Emmy Awards". Alabama Public Television. Press release, June 10, 2013.
  36. ↑ "Annual Report," July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019. Folger Shakespeare Library.
  37. ↑ Wilson, B.L. "Food in the Era of Shakespeare," GW Today, September 23, 2019.
  38. ↑ "Exploring Third Rail Projects' Confection at the Folger Shakespeare Library," September 26, 2019. Folger Shakespeare Library. YouTube. Retrieved March 21, 2023.
  39. ↑ "In the News: In Rare Books, Centuries-Old Proteins Can Reveal the Past," Shakespeare & Beyond blog, January 4, 2019. Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  40. ↑ "Very Like a Whale," Folgerpedia, Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  41. ↑ "The lively world of the Renaissance imagination on view at the Folger Shakespeare Library," Art Daily. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  42. ↑ "Folger Shakespeare Library Celebrates Shakespeare's Birthday with Annual Open House Celebration," DC Theater Arts, April 6, 2019.
  43. ↑ "Shakespeare's Birthday Lecture: 'The Wisdom of Will,'" Folgerpedia, Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  44. ↑ "Michael Witmore," Folgerpedia, Folger Shakespeare Library. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  45. ↑ Lowell Lecture, "Michael Witmore: Civic Shakespeare." Lowell Institute, Boston College. November 16, 2019; "Michael Witmore: Civic Shakespeare." [video] GBH Forum Network, via YouTube. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
  46. ↑ Examples include "Did Shakespeare Have Acne? What Historic Texts Can Tell Us About The Past," The Kojo Nnamdi Show , WAMU American University Radio, December 11, 2018; "Why Do Fabulously Creative People Like Shakespeare?" Folger Shakespeare Library, April 23, 2020. Facebook; "The Artistry and Scholarship of Shakespeare," The Aspen Institute, August 18, 2020. YouTube; and "Spotlight on Design at the National Building Museum | Folger Renovation," National Building Museum, August 8, 2022. YouTube.

Further reading

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.