Miranda Vuolasranta | |
---|---|
Born | 1959 Tornio, Finland |
Nationality | Romani |
Citizenship | Finland |
Known for | President of the European Roma & Traveller Forum |
Miranda Vuolasranta (born 1959) is a Finnish Kale activist, Romani-language teacher and Roma human rights expert, who is President of the European Roma & Travellers Forum.
Vuolasranta was born in 1959. She grew up in a traditional Romani family, speaking Finnish, Swedish and Romani. Whilst both her parents were illiterate, they encouraged education in Vuolasranta and her four siblings. Despite this, as a young woman she was advised by teachers to ignore her Roma identity in order to succeed in Finnish society. [1] Nevertheless, she graduated as a teacher of Romani language and history after studying in Sweden in the 1970s. [1] [2] Whilst working as a teacher, she became an advocate for Roma rights, firstly as part of a working group on Finnish Roma immigration to Sweden, where she was living. In the 1980s, Vuolasranta returned to Finland and began to use journalism as means to advocate for Roma communities. In 1989 she began to work with the Finnish National Advisory Board on Romani Affairs as a representative of the organisation, Romano Missio. [2]
During the 1990s, Vuolasranta's activism continued. In 1995 she worked to compile Romani language teaching materials for schools. [2] She has been outspoken about the need for the media and schools in Finland to carry out their legal obligation to provide translations for Romani-speaking communities. [3] In 1997 she became Planning Officer for the National Advisory Board on Romani Affairs and in 1998 she became Secretary General of Romani Advisory Board at the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health; she was the first Roma person to hold this position. [2]
From 2002 to 2006 Vuolasranta worked on Roma related Issues at the Council of Europe in Strasbourg. From 2008 to 2012 she was Executive Director of the National Roma Forum of Finland. [2] Subsequently she worked at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland and from 2013 to 2015 as a policy officer at the European Commission. [2] [1] She has held a number of other positions including Chair of the European Roma Forum. [4] As of 2020 she was President of the European Roma & Travellers Forum. [3]
In 2020, in her role as President of the ERTF Vuolasranta made a statement which encouraged the "Roma nation to come together to fight the pandemic", whilst recognising that many Roma communities ran a high risk of contracting COVID-19. [3]
Several prominent members of the Finnish Roma community, including artist Kiba Lumberg, singer Rainer Friman (fi) and author Veijo Baltzar, have criticised Vuolasranta and suggested she leads conservative Roma who seek to downplay problems and exclude critical voices. [5] [6] [7] In 2008 she was forced to pay a fine after Lumberg accused her of defamation of character. [8]
Tarja Kaarina Halonen is a Finnish politician who served as the 11th president of Finland, and the first and to date only woman to hold the position, from 2000 to 2012. She first rose to prominence as a lawyer with the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions (SAK), and as the Prime Minister's parliamentary secretary (1974–1975) and a member of the City Council of Helsinki (1977–1996). Halonen was a Social Democratic Party member of parliament from 1979 until her election to the presidency in 2000. She also served as a minister at the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health from 1987 to 1990, as Minister of Justice from 1990 to 1991, and as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1995 to 2000.
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Human rights in Finland are freedom of speech, religion, association, and assembly as upheld in law and in practice. Individuals are guaranteed basic rights under the constitution, by legislative acts, and in treaties relating to human rights ratified by the Finnish government. The constitution provides for an independent judiciary.
The two main official languages of Finland are Finnish and Swedish. There are also several official minority languages: three variants of Sami, as well as Romani, Finnish Sign Language, Finland-Swedish Sign Language and Karelian.
Anti-Romani sentiment is an ideology which consists of hostility, prejudice, discrimination, racism and xenophobia which is specifically directed at Romani people. Non-Romani itinerant groups in Europe such as the Yenish, Irish and Highland Travellers are frequently given the name "gypsy" and as a result, they are frequently confused with the Romani people. As a result, sentiments which were originally directed at the Romani people are also directed at other traveler groups and they are frequently referred to as "antigypsy" sentiments.
Norwegian and Swedish Travellers, commonly known as Romanisael, are a group or branch of the Romani people who have been resident in Norway and Sweden for some 500 years. The estimated number of Romanisael in Sweden is 65,000, while in Norway, the number is probably about 10,000.
The Finnish Kale are a Romani subgroup who live primarily in Finland and Sweden. Their main languages are Finnish, Swedish and Finnish Romani. Kalo/Kale is the collective name for traveler people in Finland.
The Romani diaspora refers to the presence and dispersion of Romani people across various parts of the world. Their migration out of the Indian subcontinent occurred in waves, with the first estimated to have taken place between the 1st and 2nd century AD. They are believed to have first arrived in Europe in the early 12th century, via the Balkans. They settled in the areas of present-day Turkey, Greece, Serbia, Romania, Croatia, Moldova, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Hungary, Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czech Republic, Slovenia and Slovakia, by order of volume, and Spain. From the Balkans, they migrated throughout Europe and, in the 19th and later centuries, to the Americas. The Roma population in the United States is estimated at more than one million.
European Roma Information Office (ERIO) is an international advocacy organization for Romani people based in Brussels, established on 18 March 2003 with Angéla Kóczé as the Director, announced on the Balkan Human Rights List by way of the Greek Helsinki Monitor.
Scottish Romani are the Romani people of Scotland. This includes Romanichal and Lowland Roma.
Finnish Kalo is a language of the Romani language family spoken by Finnish Kale. The language is related to but not mutually intelligible with Scandoromani or Angloromani.
Veija "Veijo" Oskari Baltzar is a Romani author and visual artist from Finland.
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Kiba Lumberg, real name Kirsti Leila Annikki Lumberg, is a Finnish artist and author of Finnish Kale descent. She is known as a critic of the traditional Roma culture.
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