Rules on mixed martial arts competition for children vary. In most U.S. states, there is no central organization in charge of children competing in mixed martial arts also known as Pankration (MMA). [1] In some states it is a misdemeanor to hold these competitions. California is the only state with official rules, regulations and recognized bouts for children. [2] [3] The non-profit United States Fight League [4] is the delegated organization to oversee and administer the rules and regulations for the sport. [5]
Kids MMA, once regulated in the state of Missouri is now banned by legislation championed by MMA promoter Jesse Finney as part of HB 1388, a comprehensive bill shifting amateur competition oversight from amateur sanctioning groups to the state athletic commission. There was no allegations of injuries or misconduct associated by the ban so it appears that prohibition of youth MMA was part of the mechanism that removed amateur sanctioning groups. [6]
To ensure the children's safety in fights, California put slight but substantial differences into the rules. At other places, many are discussing that teaching boxing to children [7] can be beneficial for their overall well-being. Most present day youth MMA competitions occur in California, Florida, Texas, South Carolina and Tennessee.
Several United States Fight League youth fighters have been accepted to the UFC and One Fighting Championships.
UFC
One Championships
Bellator
The first World MMA championships for youth occurred in August 2019 in Rome, Italy. 26 nations and 253 youth fighters participated, with the United States beating out Ukraine and Russia for the first place national team. Due to the COVID epidemic, no world championships was held in 2020. 2021 saw 331 athletes from 23 nations compete at the IMMAF youth Worlds in Sofia, Bulgaria with Ukraine, Russia and USA placing as the top teams. The 2022 World Championships had 479 athletes from 42 nations with Ukraine, United States and Tajikistan placing as top teams.
Since its inception many media sources have covered the sport to include:
Children competitors generally wear more padding than adults in an effort to make the sport less brutal and decrease the chances of injuries. In adult MMA the only visible protection is the open-fingered gloves. Children must wear *headgear (*California requirement), shin guards, and the open-fingered gloves. In addition, children are not allowed to strike the head or perform other potentially dangerous techniques. The United States Fight League uses a unique point-based scoring system which promotes technique over brutality in youth contests. [20] The rule differences are in place to protect the children and yet still allow them to participate in the same venue as adults.
Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact fighting sport based on striking and grappling, incorporating techniques from various combat sports from around the world.
Vale Tudo or vale-tudo, also known as No Holds Barred (NHB) in the United States, is an unarmed, full-contact combat sport with relatively few rules. It became popular in Brazil during the 20th century and would eventually evolve into modern mixed martial arts (MMA). For years, "Vale Tudo" was used as a synonym for MMA in Brazil, but the term fell into disuse due to the emergence of stricter rules and the influence of the media to have a more "civilized" name. It is now used to refer to an early, more rules-free stage of the modern sport.
Shooto is a combat sport and mixed martial arts organization that is governed by the Shooto Association and the International Shooto Commission (ISC). Shooto was originally formed in 1985, first as a particular fighting system and then in 1989 as a mixed martial arts promotion. It is considered one of the first true mixed martial arts competitions, with its Vale Tudo Japan events being essential to the rise of Pride Fighting Championships and the development of modern MMA. Many Japanese MMA fighters had their start at Shooto and the organization still holds both professional and amateur tournaments.
Matt Hume is an American former professional mixed martial artist, trainer, and businessman. He is the co-founder and head trainer at AMC Pankration in Kirkland, WA. Hume and his AMC team have trained several champions and world-class fighters including Josh Barnett, Demetrious Johnson, Bibiano Fernandes, Tim Boetsch, Jeff Monson, Bob Sapp, Chris Leben, Hayato Sakurai, Akira Shoji, Matt Brown, Rich Franklin, and Caros Fodor. Hume has been the Senior Vice President of Competition for Singapore-based combat sports promotion ONE Championship since 2012.
Mixed martial arts weight classes are weight classes that pertain to the sport of mixed martial arts.
Mearion Shonie Bickhem III, better known as Shonie Carter, is an American mixed martial artist. He is a former WEC Welterweight Champion, a UFC veteran, and a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter 4 reality show. He has also competed in Pancrase, Shooto, King of the Cage, M-1 Global, KSW, and Bellator. He is known for his flashy dress, colorful vocabulary, outlandish personality and use of the spinning backfist in competition.
Universal Reality Combat Championship (URCC) is the first and only professional mixed martial arts promotion based in the Philippines. Its inaugural event was held at the Casino Filipino Amphitheater in Parañaque, Philippines on November 23, 2002. The URCC is under the supervision of the Games and Amusements Board (GAB), the government agency that sanctions games such as billiards, boxing and basketball. The URCC was founded in 2002 by Filipino BJJ Black belt Alvin Aguilar, Franz von Muhlfeld, Jed Dario and Irwin Tieng. The matches and events of the URCC are aired on ABS-CBN Sports and Action and ABS-CBN Sports and Action HD, URCC's official broadcast partner.
As of 2023, there have been twenty recorded deaths resulting from sanctioned mixed martial arts contests and nine from unregulated bouts, none however in the largest MMA promotion Ultimate Fighting Championship. A 2006 study suggests that the risk of injury in general in MMA is comparable to that in professional boxing. For professional boxing matches, the Manuel Velazquez Boxing Fatality Collection lists 923 deaths during the 118-year period of 1890–2008.
Australian Fighting Championship (AFC) was an Australian mixed martial arts (MMA) organisation based in Melbourne. In 2013, AFC was described as Australia's leading MMA organisation by MMA Kanvas and was part of Sherdog's list of top 50 global MMA organisations (2014). Since AFC 4, all events were successfully streamed live via pay-per-view.
Mixed martial arts (MMA) has developed in Australia from a wide cross-section of sporting and martial arts disciplines to become the most popular combat sport in the country.
While mixed martial arts is primarily a male dominated sport, it does have female athletes. For instance, Female competition in Japan includes promotions such as DEEP Jewels. Now defunct promotions that featured female fighters were Valkyrie, and Smackgirl. Professional mixed martial arts organizations in the United States that invite women to compete are industry leader Ultimate Fighting Championship, the all female Invicta Fighting Championships, Resurrection Fighting Alliance, Bellator Fighting Championships, and Legacy Fighting Championship. Now defunct promotions that featured female fighters were Strikeforce and EliteXC. There has been a growing awareness of women in mixed martial arts due to popular female fighters and personalities such as Amanda Nunes, Megumi Fujii, Gina Carano, Ronda Rousey, Miesha Tate, Holly Holm, Alexa Grasso, and Joanna Jędrzejczyk and among others. Carano became known as "the face of women's MMA" after appearing in a number of EliteXC events. This was furthered by her appearances on MGM Television's 2008 revival of their game show American Gladiators.
The International Mixed Martial Arts Federation (IMMAF) was founded on 29 February 2012 as the international governing body for amateur mixed martial arts (MMA). Registered as a non-profit organization under Swedish law, IMMAF serves as a democratic hub for national MMA federations and supports the growth of regulation and sport safety globally by aiding countries in the formation of federations where none exist. IMMAF launched with support of market leader, the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). The UFC is among promotions sanctioned by federations under the IMMAF umbrella in countries that include Brazil and Sweden.
Full Contact Championship (FCC) is India's longest running professional mixed martial arts fight network. Founded in 2009, under the banner of Full Contact Entertainment Pvt. Ltd, FCC is India's first pro MMA organization. FCC has been sanctioned by Mixed Martial Arts Association of India and has followed the usual "Fight Night" format. It is one of the MMA organisations, formed to promote the sport of MMA in India and globally. Till date, FCC has had 13 fight nights; the most recent one being held at Indore on 9 July 2016 by the name of FCC-13.
Mixed martial arts (MMA) is the fastest growing sport in the United States. Mixed martial arts largely developed in the 1990s, and has achieved popularity in the early 21st century. Many companies promote MMA cards, with the U.S. based Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) the most dominant.
Oskar Piechota is a Polish mixed martial artist who formerly competed in the Middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional competitor since 2011, he has also competed for Cage Warriors where he is the former Middleweight Champion.
Christian Lee is a Canadian-born American mixed martial artist who competes in the featherweight, lightweight and welterweight divisions of ONE Championship. He is the current and two-time ONE Lightweight World Champion, as well as the current ONE Welterweight World Champion. Currently holding both belts simultaneously, Lee is the fourth two-division champion in ONE history and holds the promotion's records for most wins (17), most finishes (16), and most knockouts (12). He was also the winner of the 2019 ONE Lightweight World Grand Prix.
Timofey Nastyukhin, is a Russian mixed martial artist. He is a former FILA Pankration world champion. He made his MMA debut in 2010 and currently competes in ONE Championship.
Journey Ja-rel Newson is an American mixed martial artist who competes in the Bantamweight division. A professional since 2015, he is most notable for his time in the Ultimate Fighting Championship.
AMC Pankration is a mixed martial arts gym based in Woodinville, Washington. The gym is best known for producing UFC Flyweight Champion, Demetrious Johnson, as well as other high-level fighters.
The following is a list of countries where mixed martial arts (MMA) are legal or not legal.