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Mauritania is a presidential democracy,but has suffered from repeated military coups since its independence in November 1960. For 18 years after independence,Mauritania was a one-party state under Moktar Ould Daddah. This was followed by decades of military rule. The first fully democratic presidential election in Mauritania occurred on 11 March 2007,which marked a transfer from military to civilian rule following the military coup in 2005. The election was won by Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi,who was ousted by another military coup in 2008 and replaced by general Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz. Mauretania underwent its first peaceful transition of power after the 2019 presidential election,although this was between two presidents of the ruling UPR party and former army generals.
Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya is a Mauritanian military officer who served as the President of Mauritania from 1984 to 2005. During his presidency,he pursued policies of Arab nationalism while deepening ties with the United States.
The Union for Democracy and Progress is a political party in Mauritania. The UDP is led by Naha Mint Mouknass. As of 2023,the UDP has 10 seats in the National Assembly of Mauritania.
The Popular Front is a small political party in Mauritania.
Col. Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidallah was the head of state of Mauritania from 4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984.
The Military Council for Justice and Democracy was a supreme political body of Mauritania. It served as the country's interim government following the coup d'état which ousted the President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya on 3 August 2005. It was led by the former Director of the national police force,Colonel Ely Ould Mohamed Vall. After seizing power,it quickly pledged to hold elections within two years and promised that none of its own members would run.
Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar is a Mauritanian politician who was Prime Minister of Mauritania,twice,from 1992 to 1996 and again from 2005 to 2007.
Presidential elections were held in Mauritania on 11 March 2007. As no candidate received a majority of the votes,a second round was held on 25 March between the top two candidates,Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi and Ahmed Ould Daddah. Abdallahi won the second round with about 53% of the vote and took office in April.
Articles related to Mauritania include:
A military coup took place in Mauritania on 3 August 2005. The President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya was ousted by the Armed Forces of Mauritania and replaced by the Military Council for Justice and Democracy (CMJD),headed by Ely Ould Mohamed Vall,while Taya was in Saudi Arabia attending the funeral of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia. A constitutional referendum,parliamentary and presidential elections were scheduled and the coup leaders vowed not to contest any of the elections. The military government ended with the presidential election on 11 March 2007 as promised.
Ahmed Ould Daddah is a Mauritanian economist and a politician. He is a half-brother of Moktar Ould Daddah,the first President of Mauritania,and belongs to the Marabout Ouled Birri tribe. He is currently the President of the Rally of Democratic Forces (RFD) and was designated as the official Leader of the opposition following the 2007 presidential election,in which he placed second.
Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna is a Mauritanian political figure. He was the 7th Prime Minister of Mauritania from January 2,1996,to December 18,1997,Minister of Foreign Affairs from July 12,1998,to November 16,1998,and Prime Minister again from November 16,1998,to July 6,2003,under President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya;later,he briefly served as Minister of Foreign Affairs again in 2008.
Zeine Ould Zeidane is a Mauritanian economist and politician. He placed third as a candidate in the March 2007 presidential election,and he subsequently served as Prime Minister from April 2007 to May 2008.
Saleh Ould Hanenna is a former Mauritanian soldier and political figure.
In December 1984,Haidallah was deposed by Colonel Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya,who,while retaining tight military control,relaxed the political climate. Ould Taya moderated Mauritania's previous pro-Algerian stance,and re-established ties with Morocco during the late 1980s. He deepened these ties during the late 1990s and early 2000s as part of Mauritania's drive to attract support from Western states and Western-aligned Arab states. Mauritania has not rescinded its recognition of Polisario's Western Saharan exile government and remains on good terms with Algeria. Its position on the Western Sahara conflict has been,since the 1980s,one of strict neutrality.
Mohamed Lemine Ould Guig is a Mauritanian academic and political figure. He was the 8th Prime Minister of Mauritania from December 18,1997,to November 16,1998.
Presidential elections were held in Mauritania on 12 December 1997. Incumbent President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya won the election with 90% of the vote. Voter turnout was 75%.
Mohamed Ould Cheikh Mohamed Ahmed Ould Ghazouani,also known as Ghazouani and Ould Ghazouani,is the 9th President of Mauritania,having assumed office on 1 August 2019. He is also a retired Mauritanian Army general. Ghazouani has served as Chairperson of the African Union since February 2024.
The 2003 Mauritanian coup d'état attempt was a violent military coup attempt in Mauritania which took place on 8–9 June 2003. The coup attempt,led by Major Saleh Ould Hanenna who commanded a rebel section of the Army,resulted in two days of heavy fighting in the capital Nouakchott,before rebel soldiers were defeated by troops loyal to the President,Colonel Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya.
References
- 1 2 3 Pazzanita, Anthony G. (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mauritania. Scarecrow Press. p. 326.
- 1 2 Sow, Amadou Aliou (2003). La Mauritanie, mon pays natal: mémoires (in French). Harmattan. p. 122.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Pazzanita, Anthony G. (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mauritania. Scarecrow Press. p. 328.
- ↑ "Peaceful election, but opposition cries foul". The New Humanitarian. 2003-11-07. Retrieved 2023-09-24.
- 1 2 Pazzanita, Anthony G. (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mauritania. Scarecrow Press. p. 329.
- ↑ "Mauritania set for run-off vote". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2023-09-24.