Mohamed Pasha Jaff (1714) was a Kurdish nobleman and the supreme leader of the Kurdish Jaff tribe, a tribe living in the region located between southwest of Sanandaj and Javanroud, and also areas around the city of Sulaimaniyah. Jaff is notable for being the builder of the Sherwana Castle.
Mohamed Pasha Jaff received the noble title of Pasha from the Ottoman Empire. [1]
At 20 years old, Jaff settled in Sherwana Castle in Kalar region in Iraqi Kurdistan. His determination to protect the Jaff tribe led to several clashes between him against the Qajars and Ottomans. Today, the Jaff tribe has three million people. [2]
The pasha was also known for having strong convictions and a love for knowledge, he reportedly sent various explorations to the American continent. [2]
The Kurds are an Iranian ethnic group in the Middle East. They have historically inhabited the mountainous areas to the south of Lake Van and Lake Urmia, a geographical area collectively referred to as Kurdistan. Most Kurds speak Northern Kurdish Kurmanji Kurdish (Kurmanji) and Central Kurdish (Sorani).
The Treaty of Sèvres was a 1920 treaty signed between some of the Allies of World War I and the Ottoman Empire, but not ratified. The treaty would have required the cession of large parts of Ottoman territory to France, the United Kingdom, Greece and Italy, as well as creating large occupation zones within the Ottoman Empire. It was one of a series of treaties that the Central Powers signed with the Allied Powers after their defeat in World War I. Hostilities had already ended with the Armistice of Mudros.
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Jaff is the largest Kurdish tribe also known as clan, living in the borderlands of Iran and Iraq. Their heartland is between Sulaymaniyah to Sanandaj. The tribe predominantly adheres to the Shafi'i school with many Naqshbandi and Qadiriyya followers. It originated in the year 1114 by Zaher Beg Jaff, other important leaders were Mohamed Pasha Jaff, Lady Adela, Osman Pasha Jaff and Mahmud Pasha Jaff, their ancestral home is Sherwana Castle. The Ottoman Empire bestowed on them the name Pasha, a noble title, in the 1700s. They are the biggest Kurdish tribe in the Middle East with approximately 4 million people and they speak Babani Sorani. They ruled the Ardalan Principality until the 1860s.
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Sherwana Castle, also known as Shirwanah Castle, is a castle located in Kalar, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Sherwana Castle is the ancestral home of the Jaff family.
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Akram Hamid Begzadeh Jaff الدكتور اكرم حامد بك جاف (14 July 1929 – 21 November 2010) was a Kurdish leader who served in various posts in the Iraqi government and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Also known as "Al Jaff" or "Al-Jaff" in some literature & records.
Ely Bannister Soane (1881–1923) was a British major, linguist, intelligence agent and writer who is best known for his travels around Kurdistan and Mesopotamia and works on Kurds.
( Joseph Pierre Ferrier 1856 )
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