History | |
---|---|
Great Britain | |
Name | Molly |
Launched | 1769, Liverpool |
Captured | 4 September 1782 |
General characteristics | |
Tons burthen | 240, or 250, or 300 (bm) |
Complement | 20, or 40 |
Armament | 14 × 6-pounder guns + 4 × 6-pounder coehorns |
Molly was launched in 1769 at Liverpool. In 1776 she made one voyage as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved persons. After, and possibly before, she was a West Indiaman. While sailing under a letter of marque, she captured some notable prizes. Two French frigates captured her on 4 September 1782.
Molly first appeared in an online copy of Lloyd's Register in 1776. [1] There is no readily accessible data on her career before 1776.
Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source & notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
1776 | William Ball | Jn Chorley | Liverpool−Africa | LR; damages repaired 1775 |
Captain James Ball sailed from Liverpool on 24 November 1775. Molly acquired slaves at Iles de Los and arrived at Jamaica in 1776 with 300 slaves. She arrived back at Liverpool on 1 November 1776. [2]
After her voyage carrying slaves, Molly, Ball, master, traded between Liverpool and Jamaica.
The British Admiralty gave notice in April 1777, that they were ready to issue letters of marque for privateers against the Americans. In March 1778, Great Britain broke off relations with France. [3]
Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source & notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
1778 | W.Ball Jn Wood | J.Chorley | Liverpool–Jamaica | LR; new wales 1777 |
Captain John Woods acquired a letter of marque on 23 October 1778.
In March 1779 Lloyd's List reported that Molly, Woods, master, Bess, Parry, master, and the privateer Wasp, had captured and taken into Leverpool the schooner Oiseau, which had been on her way from Bordeaux to South Carolina with a cargo of tea, linens, hats, stockings, and silks. [4] She arrived in the Mersey on 25 February. [5] The three also captured the brig St Jacques, from France to America with a cargo of wine, flour, etc., but she had not yet reached Leverpool. Molly had been on her way to Jamaica from Leverpool. [4] [5]
Molly captured the three-decker St Augustine, which had been sailing from Port-au-Prince to Nantes, and sent her into Cork. [6] St Augustine was armed with ten 9-pounder guns, and had a crew of 40 men. She was carrying 536 hogsheads and 15 tierces of Muscovado sugar, 8 hogsheads, 6 tierces, and 95 barrels of indigo, and 300 hides. [5]
On 4 September 1782 two French frigates bound to Marseilles captured Molly, Woods, master, as Molly was sailing from Leverpool to St Lucia. [7] [5]
Bootle was launched in 1805 at Liverpool as a slave ship. She made two voyages delivering slaves to the West Indies before her owner sold her. She then became a West Indiaman. In 1811 the Liverpool partnership of Barton, Irlam and Higginson purchased her and sailed her between Liverpool and Barbados. A hurricane at Bridgetown, Barbados wrecked her in 1813.
Harpooner was launched at Liverpool in 1771. In 1778 she became a privateer. She captured at least two French merchantmen before a French privateer captured her in January 1780. She became the French privateer Comptesse of Buzanisis, which the Royal Navy recaptured. Harpooner returned to online records in 1782, and in 1783 became the slave ship Trelawney, which then made two complete voyages in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was no longer listed after 1786.
HMS Otter was the French merchantman Glanure, which the Royal Navy (RN) captured early in 1778. The Royal Navy took her into service as the sloop HMS Otter and she served in the American theatre. The Navy sold her in 1783. She became a merchantman and then a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She made two complete voyages bringing captives to Jamaica. The French captured her in December 1795 as she was on her way to deliver her third cargo of captives.
Union was launched in Philadelphia in 1774. She sailed between England, North America, and the West Indies. She made one voyage as a slave ship and then returned to her previous trade. A privateer captured her in 1781.
Harriot was launched in Liverpool in 1786. For many years she was a West Indiaman, sailing between Liverpool and Barbados. In 1796 a French frigate captured her, but the British Royal Navy quickly recaptured her. She became a slave ship. At the beginning of her of her first slave trading voyage a French privateer captured her, and again the Royal Navy quickly recaptured her. She made five slave trading voyages in all. Thereafter she traded with South America. She was last listed in 1814 with stale data.
Chambers was a ship launched in Bristol in 1776. She spent most of her brief career as a West Indiaman. An American privateer captured her in October 1782 in a single ship action.
Quaker was built in America in 1774, possibly under another name, and was taken in prize in 1780. She appears in British records from 1781. Between 1781 and 1783 she sailed as a privateer and captured several ships, American, Spanish, and French. She then became a whaler, making four voyages to the British southern whale fishery. Thereafter she became a West Indiaman. The French captured her in 1795.
Beaver was launched in 1796 at Liverpool. She made seven complete voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved persons. She was captured and retaken once, in 1804, and captured a second time in 1807, during her eighth voyage.
Rover had been launched in New York, possibly as Judith, or an earlier name. Rover appeared in British records in 1781. She became a privateer and survived a severe engagement in 1781. Circa 1782 ownership of Rover transferred to Liverpool from Bristol, and she became a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. An American privateer captured Rover in March 1783 as she was transiting the Middle Passage, sailing from Africa to the West Indies.
Mentor was launched in 1778 at Chester as a West Indiaman. She captured three vessels, including a valuable East Indiaman belonging to the French East India Company. She had an inconclusive single ship action with a French warship in 1779. She was wrecked in 1782.
Tartar was launched at Bermuda in 1775, possibly under another name. By 1779 she was a privateer sailing out of Liverpool. She captured several prizes, first in the West Indies and then around England. Two French frigates captured her in October 1780.
Tartar was launched at Bristol in 1778. Initially she sailed, with some success, as a privateer. Then in 1781 she became a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She made one complete voyage as an enslaving ship; French naval vessels captured Tartar on her second enslaving voyage.
Saville was launched in 1777 at Bristol as a West Indiaman. In 1778 to 1779 she sailed as a privateer and made two captures. She then returned to trading. She suffered two maritime incidents, one in 1784, and a second in August 1785, when she was lost at Port Maria, Jamaica.
Molly was launched at Liverpool in 1778 as a slave ship. Between 1778 and 1807 she made 18 complete voyages in the triangular trade in enslaved persons. During this period she also suffered one major maritime incident and captured two ships. After the end of Britain's involvement in the trans-Atlantic slave trade, Molly became a merchantman trading with the West Indies, Africa, Brazil, Nova Scotia, and Africa again. She was last listed in 1832, giving her a 54-year career.
Several vessels have been named Molly:
Molly was launched at Liverpool in 1770. Between 1777 and 1779 she made three voyages to the British northern whale fishery. Afterwards, she sailed as a West Indiaman. From 1779 she sailed under a letter of marque, and captured one prize. Around the end of 1781 she engaged in a single ship action in which her captain was killed. She was captured but her captor gave her up. She was last listed in 1783.
Badger was launched in Liverpool in 1775. She made one voyage as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. New owners renamed her Molly in 1778 and sailed her as a West Indian. In 1779 she repelled an American privateer in a sanguinary single ship action. Her owners renamed her Lydia. While trading with Tortola she captured one or two prizes. Lydia was herself captured in 1782.
True Briton was launched at Liverpool in 1775. She made two voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. During the second of these voyages there was an unsuccessful insurrection by the captives she was carrying. Then in 1777–1778 she made another enslaving voyage, this time under the name John. On her return to Liverpool, she became the privateer Bellona, and succeeded in taking several prizes. Bellona then made three enslaving voyages. In 1786 her ownership changed, and so did her name. She became Lord Stanley, and under that name proceeded to make 11 more enslaving voyages. In 1794, at Havana, a deadly fever spread through the vessel, apparently after she had landed her captives. On her last voyage the captain acted with such brutality towards a black crew member that the man, who providentially survived, sued the captain when the vessel arrived at Liverpool and won substantial damages.
Chaser first appeared under that name in British records in 1786. She had been launched in 1771 at Philadelphia under another name, probably Lord North. Lord North became Cotton Planter, and then Planter, before she became Chaser. Between 1786 and 1790 Chaser made four voyages as a whaler in the British southern whale fishery. She then became a merchantman. In 1794 a privateer captured her but the Spanish recaptured her. She became a Liverpool-based Slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. In 1796 she was condemned in West Africa on her first voyage in the triangular trade before she could embark any enslaved people.