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Virginia v. Black, 538 U.S. 343 (2003), was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court held, 5–4, that any state statute banning cross burning on the basis that it constitutes prima facie evidence of intent to intimidate is a violation of the First Amendment to the Constitution. Such a provision, the Court argued, blurs the distinction between proscribable "threats of intimidation" and the Ku Klux Klan's protected "messages of shared ideology". In the case, three defendants were convicted in two separate cases of violating a Virginia statute against cross burning. However, cross-burning can be a criminal offense if the intent to intimidate is proven. It was argued by former Solicitor General of Virginia, William Hurd and Rodney A. Smolla.
Hartshorn is an unincorporated community in eastern Texas County, Missouri, United States. The community is located on Missouri Route KK, approximately six miles north of Summersville and fifteen miles east of Houston.
Norman Kenneth Moon is an American lawyer who has served as a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia.
Brennan Gilmore is a musician and former United States Foreign Service Officer. As a musician and bandleader he has originated and performed in a number of musical groups. He was raised in Lexington, Virginia and attended the University of Virginia, studying international relations as an Echols Scholar, graduating in 2001. He currently resides near Charlottesville, Virginia.
Richard Bertrand Spencer is an American political commentator mostly known for his neo-Nazi, antisemitic and white supremacist views. Spencer claimed to have coined the term "alt-right" and was the most prominent advocate of the alt-right movement from its earliest days. He advocates for the reconstitution of the European Union into a white racial empire, which he believes will replace the diverse European ethnic identities with one homogeneous "White identity".
The Robert E. Lee Monument was an outdoor bronze equestrian statue of Confederate general Robert E. Lee and his horse Traveller located in Charlottesville, Virginia's Market Street Park in the Charlottesville and Albemarle County Courthouse Historic District. The statue was commissioned in 1917 and dedicated in 1924, and in 1997 was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was removed on July 10, 2021, and melted down in 2023.
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Christopher Charles Cantwell, also known as the Crying Nazi, is an American white supremacist, neo-Nazi, and antisemitic conspiracy theorist.
On August 12, 2017, DeAndre Harris, a Black man, was assaulted by six White men in an attack in a parking garage next to the police headquarters during the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. Images and video of the assault captured by photojournalist Zach Roberts went viral and became a symbol of the enmity underlying the protest.
The Charlottesville car attack was a white supremacist terrorist attack perpetrated on August 12, 2017, when James Alex Fields Jr. deliberately drove his car into a crowd of people peacefully protesting the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, killing one person and injuring 35. Fields, 20, had previously espoused neo-Nazi and white supremacist beliefs, and drove from Ohio to attend the rally.
The "Unite the Right 2" rally was a white supremacist rally that occurred on August 12, 2018, at Lafayette Square near the White House in Washington, D.C., United States. It was organized by Jason Kessler to mark the first anniversary of the 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, which ended in deadly violence and attracted both national and international attention.
Elspeth "Elle" Reeve is an American journalist. Before joining CNN as a correspondent in 2019, she reported on the 2017 white-nationalist Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia for HBO's Vice News Tonight. Reeve and Vice News Tonight won a Peabody Award, four Emmy Awards, and a George Polk Award for their reporting.
Emily F. Gorcenski is an American data scientist and activist who now resides in Germany. Gorcenski was a counter-protester at the Unite the Right rally in 2017, and subsequently created the site 'First Vigil' to track the trial information of white nationalists.
Nicholas Joseph Fuentes is an American far-right political pundit and live streamer who promotes white supremacist, misogynistic, and antisemitic views. His YouTube page was permanently terminated in February 2020 for violating YouTube's hate speech policy. Fuentes has promoted antisemitic conspiracy theories against Jews and called for a "holy war" against them, and has denied the Holocaust. He has been described as a neo-Nazi by various sources. Fuentes identifies as a member of the incel movement, a supporter of authoritarianism, and as an integralist and a Christian nationalist.
Taylor Lorenz is an American journalist. She is a podcaster for Vox Media, hosting a show called Power User, and founded the Substack publication "User Mag". She was previously a columnist for The Washington Post, a technology reporter for The New York Times, The Daily Beast, and Business Insider, and social media editor for the Daily Mail. She is particularly known for covering Internet culture. In 2023, she published a book called Extremely Online: The Untold Story of Fame, Influence, and Power on the Internet.
Matthew Colligan is an online personality who posted neo-Nazi memes under the handle Millennial Matt alongside white nationalist Baked Alaska. His identity was revealed through his participation in the 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. One of Colligan's repeated memes is the phrase "Hitler did nothing wrong", which he has said in radio, tweets, and videos.
Sines v. Kessler was a civil lawsuit against various organizers, promoters, and participants in the Unite the Right rally, a white supremacist rally that took place in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017. The trial began in October 2021, and on November 23, the jury reached a mixed verdict in which they found various defendants liable on claims of civil conspiracy and race-based harassment or violence. They also found James A. Fields Jr., the perpetrator of the car attack against counterprotesters at the rally, liable for assault and battery and intentional infliction of harm. Altogether, the jury awarded the plaintiffs more than $25 million in punitive and compensatory damages, though this was later reduced by the judge to $2.35 million.
Teddy Joseph Von Nukem was an American white nationalist and far-right extremist, and drug smuggler, noted for his role at the 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia.
Peter Cvjetanovic is a former white supremacist American known for being photographed while demonstrating with other white nationalists including Neo-Nazis, Proud Boys and Ku Klux Klan members on the Grounds of University of Virginia at the Unite the Right rally in 2017.
References
- 1 2 3 Bella, Timothy (February 15, 2023). "Unite the Right marcher captured in viral photo dies by suicide before trial". Washington Post . ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved February 15, 2023.
- ↑ Hayden, Michael Edison; Gais, Hannah; Miller, Cassie; Squire, Megan; Wilson, Jason (August 11, 2022). "'Unite the Right' 5 Years Later: Where Are They Now?". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
- 1 2 Conger, Molly (August 19, 2019). "I lost my job for keeping Charlottesville police accountable. I'd do it again". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077 . Retrieved February 15, 2023.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Klemko, Robert (January 10, 2021). "A small group of sleuths had been identifying right-wing extremists long before the attack on the Capitol". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved February 15, 2023.
- 1 2 3 Kroll, Andy (February 14, 2021). "Meet the Undercover Anti-Fascists". Rolling Stone. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
- ↑ "Weird Little Guys". iHeart. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
- ↑ "Power Station Sabotage, with Molly Conger - It Could Happen Here". iHeart. Retrieved August 22, 2024.
