Gameplay
Monte uses a deck of 40 playing cards (removing the 10s, 9s, and 8s from a standard 52-card deck). One or more people may play against the house, known as the "bank" or "banker", who is the dealer. [7] [8]
Mexican Monte
In some versions, the monte banker, or dealer, must have the whole of his bank, or money which he risks at the game, in sight upon the table. [1] The play begins with the dealer drawing one card from the bottom of the deck and placing it face up on the table, this card becomes the "bottom layout". [8] Similarly, another card is drawn from the top of the deck, known as the "top layout", [8] and placed face up on the table, usually closer to the dealer. The remaining stack of cards, called the "monte", is placed face-down in front of the dealer. Sometimes a monte box was used to hold the monte.
The players, sometimes known as punters, place bets on the layout of their choice, or on both. Starting with the player to banker's right and proceeding counter-clockwise, each player has one chance to place his stake on the layouts. After the last player has placed his stake, the banker turns the monte face-up. The card now showing is known as the "gate". The banker pays, one for one, any bet on a matching suit. The banker takes all the bets from a layout if the "gate" did not match the suit in the layout. [8]
Spanish Monte
The play in four-card monte is similar. Instead of one card in the bottom and top layouts, the dealer takes two cards from the top and two more from the bottom of the deck and place them all slightly apart upon the table to form the "bottom layout" and the "top layout", respectively. [9] The deal is valid whatever suit appears, even if all four cards are of the same suit. Except for the banker, each player may bet on either pair or both, by placing the bet between that pair. If the "gate" card's suit matches one or both of the cards in a layout, or even cards in both layouts, the players win any bets, but if no card is matched all bets are lost. [9] This decreases the house odds somewhat, as there are frequently two suits in a layout, increasing the possibility of a match.
Coup
After the hand, known as "coup", the banker collects all losing bets and pays the winners one to one, [8] all players whose bets matched the "gate" card in the layout. He then takes both layouts off the table, placing them aside to form a discard pile. Turning the "monte" face down, he takes the used "gate" card from the bottom of the deck and also puts it on the discard pile. He then deals for the next layout without shuffling or cutting the cards.
Change of banker
The bank and deal remain with one player up to a maximum of five "coups", [8] six, or any previously agreed number of hands, [9] when all of the cards are reshuffled together and in friendly play the bank (dealer) passes to the left. At least ten cards should remain unplayed to prevent players from calculating which suits still remain in the deck. If at any time the bank is emptied, bank and deal pass to the left. In casino play, the house retains the bank.
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