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Mussasa was the wife of Donji, one of Zimbo's captains and the governor of Matamba. Mussasa was known to be a fierce warrior and even to rival men of her time. [2] Zimbo, the ruler of Jagas, was succeeded by one of his captains, the husband of Mussasa. [3] Soon after the death of the King Zimbo, Mussasa's husband Donji began to take over his neighboring states. Mussasa soon after the death of her husband, continued the domination and extended her empire. [2] Her nation was on the Cunene river in what is now Angola. [3] She expanded her empire greatly through her military, and led soldiers into battle. Mussusa educated her daughter Tembandumba to be a soldier and took her to fight side by side in battle. [2] Tembandumba, who developed a reputation of being as fierce as her mother, [2] succeeded Mussasa as queen. [3]
In Greek mythology, the Amazons are portrayed in a number of ancient epic poems and legends, such as the Labours of Heracles, the Argonautica and the Iliad. They were a group of female warriors and hunters who were known for their physical agility, strength, archery, riding skills, and the arts of combat. Their society was closed to men and they only raised their daughters and returned their sons to their fathers, with whom they would only socialize briefly in order to reproduce.
Aegea is a back-formation from "Aegean", the sea that was named after an eponymous Aegeus in early levels of Greek mythology. The Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) mentioned an Aegea, queen of the Amazons, as an alternative eponym of the Aegean Sea. Legend says she commanded an army of Amazon women warriors that traveled from Libya to Asia Minor to fight at Troy, and that she perished at sea with her army.
Artemisia I of Caria was a Greek queen who reigned over Halicarnassus, an ancient Greek city-state in Anatolia. She was also the ruler of Kos, Nisyros, and Kalymnos, all of which were located in Caria. She was half Carian and half Cretan through her father and mother, respectively; her father Lygdamis I was the founder of the eponymous Lygdamid dynasty, which ruled out of Halicarnassus under the hegemony of the Achaemenid Empire. During the second Persian invasion of Greece, Artemisia fought as an ally of the Persian king Xerxes I, who sought to subjugate the independent Greek city-states after they had repelled the first Persian invasion of Greece. She personally commanded the Persian fleet during the Battle of Artemisium and again during the Battle of Salamis. Most of Artemisia's biography is known today through the writings of the contemporary Greek historian Herodotus, who was also a native of Halicarnassus. Although Herodotus' work frames the Greco-Persian Wars as a fight between Greek liberty and Persian tyranny, as is the case in Histories, he still praises Artemisia's courage and relates the respect in which she was held by Xerxes.
Nzinga Ana de Sousa Mbande, Nzhinga was a southwest African ruler who ruled as queen of the Ambundu Kingdoms of Ndongo (1624–1663) and Matamba (1631–1663), located in present-day northern Angola. Born into the ruling family of Ndongo, her grandfather Ngola Kilombo Kia Kasenda was the king of Ndongo.
Gabrielle is a fictional character played by Renee O'Connor in the American fantasy TV series Xena: Warrior Princess (1995–2001). She is referred to by fans as the Battling Bard of Potidaea. Her trademark weapons are the Amazon fighting staff and later, the sais. She was also an Amazon Princess and later an Amazon Queen. The character's development and progression is a story that spans the entire show's run, with her first appearance in "Sins of the Past" seeing her as a naive farm girl, and the final episode, "A Friend In Need ", seeing her as a fully formed but rational warrior, set to follow in Xena's footsteps.
The Dahomey Amazons were a Fon all-female military regiment of the Kingdom of Dahomey that existed from the 17th century until the late 19th century. They were the only female army in modern history. They were named Amazons by Western Europeans who encountered them, due to the story of the female warriors of Amazons in Greek mythology.
Nevill Josiah Aylmer Coghill VC was a British Army officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Redwall is an animated television series produced by the Canadian Nelvana, along with the France-based Alphanim and Germany-based TV-Loonland AG that ran from 1999 until 2002. The series is based on the Redwall novels by Brian Jacques. The series spans three seasons, the first based on the first book Redwall, the second on Mattimeo and the third on Martin the Warrior.
Many people have engaged in cross-dressing during wartime under various circumstances and for various motives. This has been especially true of women, whether while serving as a soldier in otherwise all-male armies, while protecting themselves or disguising their identity in dangerous circumstances, or for other purposes.
The Imbangala or Mbangala were divided groups of warriors and marauders who worked as hired mercenaries in 17th-century Angola and later founded the Kasanje Kingdom.
Tembandumba, also spelled Tembo a Ndumbo, was a ruler of the Imbangala Jagas of what is now Angola.
The role of women in ancient warfare differed from culture to culture. There have been various historical accounts of females participating in battle.
Penthesilea is an 1808 tragedy by the German playwright Heinrich von Kleist about the mythological Amazon queen, Penthesilea, described as an exploration of sexual frenzy. Goethe rejected it as "unplayable". It was first performed on 25 April 1876 at the Königliches Schauspielhaus in Berlin, 65 years after the author's death.
Luisa Battistati was an Italian 19th-century woman who is recorded in American writer Sarah Josepha Hale’s Sketches of all distinguished women (1853) as a heroine of the insurrection against Austrian rule that had taken place in Lombardy known as the Five Days of Milan. The revolt took place during the period 18–22 March 1848 and was successful in expelling the Austrian garrison, commanded by Josef Radetzky, from the city. Radetzky would re-enter Milan on 6 August of that year, however, and Austria remained in control of the city until 1859.
The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest and most prestigious decoration of the British decorations system. It is awarded for valour "in the presence of the enemy" to members of the British Armed Forces and may be awarded posthumously. It was previously awarded to service personnel in the broader British Empire, with most successor independent nations now having established their own honours systems and no longer recommending British honours. It may be awarded to a person of any military rank in any service and to civilians under military command. No civilian has received the award since 1879. Since the first awards were presented by Queen Victoria in 1857, two thirds of all awards have been personally presented by the British monarch. The investitures are usually held at Buckingham Palace.
Countess Ilona Zrínyi was a noblewoman and heroine. She was one of the last surviving members of the Croatian-Hungarian Zrinski/Zrínyi noble family. She was the daughter of Petar Zrinski, Ban (viceroy) of Croatia, the niece of both Miklós Zrínyi and Fran Krsto Frankopan and the wife of Francis Rákóczi I and Imre Thököly, as well as the mother of Francis Rákóczi II. She is remembered in history for her Defense of Palanok Castle against the Imperial army in 1685-1688, an act for which she was regarded a heroine in Hungary.
The portrayal of women warriors in literature and popular culture is a subject of study in history, literary studies, film studies, folklore history, and mythology. The archetypal figure of the woman warrior is an example of a normal thing that happens in some cultures, while also being a counter stereotype, opposing the normal construction of war, violence and aggression as masculine. This convention-defying position makes the female warrior a prominent site of investigation for discourses surrounding female power and gender roles in society.
The Battle of Mbumbi was a military engagement between forces of Portuguese Angola and the Kingdom of Kongo in 1622. Although the Portuguese were victorious, the battle served as the impetus for the Kingdom of Kongo to expel the Portuguese from their territory.
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