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The politics of Zimbabwe takes place in a framework of a full presidential republic, whereby the President is the head of state and government as organized by the 2013 Constitution. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The status of Zimbabwean politics has been thrown into question by a 2017 coup.
The Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) is a political organisation which has been the ruling party of Zimbabwe since independence in 1980. The party was led for many years under Robert Mugabe, first as Prime Minister with the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and then as President from 1987 after the merger with the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) and retaining the name ZANU–PF, until 2017, when he was removed as leader.
The Zimbabwe government consists of an elected head of state, the president, and a legislature. The presidential term lasts for 5 years, and is elected by majority, with a second round if no candidate receives a majority in the first round. The Parliament is bicameral, consisting of the House of Assembly and Senate. Following the 2013 constitution, the House of Assembly has 270 members. 210 are elected for five-year terms by single-member constituencies. Furthermore, the constitution specifies that for the two first parliaments, there are 60 additional seats reserved for women, 6 seats per province, which are filled based on the votes for in the single-member constituencies, using party-list proportional representation, distributed using the largest remainder method and the hare quota. The Senate has 80 members: 60 are elected for five-year terms in 6-member constituencies representing one of the 10 provinces, elected based on the votes in the lower house election, using party-list proportional representation, distributed using the hare quota. Additionally the senate consists of 2 seats for each non-metropolitan district of Zimbabwe elected by each provincial assembly of chiefs using SNTV, 1 seat each for the president and deputy president of the National Council of Chiefs and 1 male and 1 female seat for people with disabilities elected on separate ballots using FPTP by an electoral college designated by the National Disability Board.
Parliamentary elections were held in Zimbabwe on 31 March 2005 to elect members to the Zimbabwe House of Assembly. All of the 120 elected seats in the 150-seat House of Assembly were up for election.
Tendai Laxton Biti is a Zimbabwean politician who served as Zimbabwe's Minister of Finance from 2009 to 2013. He is the current Member of Parliament for Harare East Constituency and the second Vice President of Movement for Democratic Change. He was the Secretary-General of the Movement for Democratic Change and the subsequent Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC-T) political parties and a Member of Parliament for Harare East until he was expelled from the party and recalled from parliament in mid-2014,before winning the seat again in 2018.
Nelson Chamisa is a Zimbabwean politician who is the President of the Movement for Democratic Change He served as Member of the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe for Kuwadzana East, Harare. Chamisa was the MDC Alliance's candidate for president in the 2018 general election, having previously been the leader of the party's youth assembly. On March 31st, 2020, the Supreme Court of Zimbabwe ruled that Nelson Chamisa was not the legitimate MDC leader in a judgment that settles the drawn out leadership wrangle between him and Dr Thokozani Khupe.
David Coltart is a Zimbabwean lawyer, Christian leader and politician. He was a founding member of the Movement for Democratic Change when it was established in 1999 and its founding Secretary for Legal Affairs. He was the Member of Parliament for Bulawayo South in the House of Assembly from 2000 to 2008, and he was elected to the Senate in 2008. He is the Legal Secretary for the formation of the Movement for Democratic Change led by Welshman Ncube. He was the Minister for Education, Sport, Arts and Culture from February 2009 until August 2013.
Flora Buka is a Zimbabwean politician and Minister of State for Special Affairs Responsible for Land and Resettlement Programme. She was ZANU-PF's candidate for Gokwe-Nembudziya constituency in the March 2008 parliamentary election; she won the seat, receiving 8,650 votes and defeating two challengers from the Movement for Democratic Change: Kizito Chindende (MDC-T), who received 5,396 votes, and Josphat Mahachi (MDC-M), who received 1,071 votes. She is serving as Minister of State in the Office of Vice-President Joseph Msika.
Blessing Chebundo is a Zimbabwean politician, a member of parliament and a leading figure in the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). He rose to fame by defeating Emmerson Mnangagwa in a contest to represent Kwekwe constituency in the parliament of Zimbabwe in the 2000 parliamentary election. Mnangagwa, a heavyweight in ZANU-PF, was predicted to easily win the constituency, but Chebundo won the seat despite threats to his life. As an incumbent, he again defeated Mnangagwa and was re-elected in the March 2005 parliamentary election.
Munyaradzi Gwisai is a Zimbabwean politician and general coordinator of the International Socialist Organization in Zimbabwe. He was a member of the parliament on a ticket of the Movement for Democratic Change from 2000 until he was expelled from the MDC in 2002 and lost the subsequent by-election.
The Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T) was a center-left political party and was the main opposition party in the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe ahead of the 2018 elections. After the split of the original Movement for Democratic Change in 2005, the MDC–T remained the major opposition faction, while a smaller faction, the Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube, or MDC–N, was led by Welshman Ncube. The two parties re-united in 2018 under the original name, the Movement for Democratic Change.
The Movement for Democratic Change – Ncube (MDC–N) was a Zimbabwean political party led by politician and attorney Welshman Ncube. It was founded in 2005 when the Movement for Democratic Change split apart and in the 2008 general election, it was known as the Movement for Democratic Change – Mutambara (MDC–M) in contrast to the larger Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T). The MDC–N and the MDC–T operated as separate opposition parties until their re-unification in 2018. The re-united party now operates under the original name, the MDC.
Morgan Richard Tsvangirai was a Zimbabwean politician who was Prime Minister of Zimbabwe from 2009 to 2013. He was President of the Movement for Democratic Change, and later the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC–T), and a key figure in the opposition to former President Robert Mugabe.
Elphas Mukonoweshuro was a Zimbabwean political scientist and politician. A former University of Zimbabwe Dean of Social Studies, he was the Movement for Democratic Change-Tsvangirai member of parliament for Gutu South in Masvingo Province.
Walter Mzembi is a Zimbabwean politician. He previously served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Tourism and Hospitality Industry. He was the Member of the House of Assembly for Masvingo South (ZANU-PF). It was announced on November 27, 2017 that Simbarashe Mumbengegwi was now the acting Foreign Minister of Zimbabwe.
The following lists events that happened during 2009 in Zimbabwe.
The Progressive Alliance (PA) is a political international of social-democratic, socialist and progressive political parties and organisations founded on 22 May 2013 in Leipzig, Germany. The alliance was formed as an alternative to the existing Socialist International, of which many of its member parties are former or current members. The Progressive Alliance claims 140 participants from around the world.
General elections were held in Zimbabwe on 30 July 2018 to elect the President and members of both houses of Parliament. Held eight months after the 2017 coup d'état, the election was the first since independence in which former President Robert Mugabe was not a candidate.
Zhombe is a constituency in the House of Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. It is in Kwekwe District of the Midlands Province.
Job Sikhala nicknamed Wiwa is a Zimbabwe politician.
References
- ↑ "Muzondo must strike". The Zimbabwean. 15 October 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
- ↑ "In Parliament". Movement for Democratic Change . Retrieved 19 February 2011.
Coordinates: 20°19′50″S30°18′22″E / 20.3305°S 30.3061°E
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