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Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country on the west coast of Central Africa, with an area of 28,000 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi). Formerly the colony of Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name refers to its location near both the Equator and in the African region of Guinea. As of 2021, the country had a population of 1,468,777, over 85% of whom are members of the Fang people, the country's dominant ethnic group. The Bubi people, indigenous to Bioko, are the second largest group at approximately 6.5% of the population.
The Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea consists of approximately 2,500 service members. The army has almost 1,400 soldiers, the navy 200 service members, and the air force about 120 members. There is also a gendarmerie, but the number of members is unknown. The Gendarmerie is a new branch of the service in which training and education is being supported by the French Military Cooperation in Equatorial Guinea. Military appointments are all reviewed by President Teodoro Obiang, and few of the native militiamen come from outside of Obiang's Mongomo-based Esangui clan. Obiang was a general when he overthrew his uncle, Francisco Macías Nguema.
Sierra Leone is a country in West Africa with a North Atlantic Ocean coastline to the west. It lies on the African Plate. The country's main geographical features include wooded hill country, an upland plateau, and mountains in the east. The highest peak is Mount Bintumani, which is 1,948 meters (6,391 ft) above sea level. The coastline has a belt of mangrove swamps. Freetown, the nation's capital city, has one of the world's largest natural harbours. The Rokel River is the largest river in Sierra Leone. It is 400 kilometres (250 mi) long and has a basin with a total area of 10,622 square kilometres (4,101 sq mi).
Malabo is the capital of Equatorial Guinea and the province of Bioko Norte. It is located on the north coast of the island of Bioko. In 2018, the city had a population of approximately 297,000 inhabitants.
Francisco Macías Nguema, often mononymously referred to as Macías, was an Equatoguinean politician who served as the first President of Equatorial Guinea from the country's independence in 1968 until his overthrow in 1979. He is widely remembered as one of the most brutal dictators in history.
The Luama River is a tributary of the Lualaba River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
"Caminemos pisando las sendas de nuestra inmensa felicidad", sometimes written with la senda ) is the national anthem of Equatorial Guinea.
Annobón is a province of Equatorial Guinea. The province consists of the island of Annobón and its associated islets in the Gulf of Guinea. Annobón is the smallest province of Equatorial Guinea in both area and population. According to the 2015 census, Annobón had 5,314 inhabitants, a small population increase from the 5,008 registered by the 2001 census. The official language is Spanish but most of the inhabitants speak a creole form of Portuguese. The island's main industries are fishing and forestry.
The Benito is a river in Equatorial Guinea. It is known locally as the Mbini River, and, at least as it flows in its westerly part through the Monte Alen National Park, as the Uoro River. The river rises in Gabon and crosses into Equatorial Guinea where it divides the country roughly along the middle, running east to west. At the mouth to the Atlantic Ocean lies the town of Mbini, as well as large mangrove stands that extend 20 kilometres (12 mi) inland. Only this 20 kilometres (12 mi) portion of the river is navigable. The river is used to float logs for forestry operations. The cichlid genus Benitochromis takes the first part of its name from the Benito River.
The 2004 Equatorial Guinea coup d'état attempt, also known as the Wonga Coup, failed to replace President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo with exiled opposition politician Severo Moto. Mercenaries organised by mainly British financiers were arrested in Zimbabwe on 7 March 2004 before they could carry out the plot. Prosecutors alleged that Moto was to be installed as the new president in return for preferential oil rights to corporations affiliated with those involved in the coup. The incident received international media attention after the reported involvement of Sir Mark Thatcher in funding the coup, for which he was convicted and fined in South Africa.
The Muni is an estuary of several rivers of Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Part of its length form part of the border with Gabon. It is from this estuary that the former name for this part of Equatorial Guinea, Río Muni was taken.
Eremospatha is a genus of climbing flowering plants in the palm family found in tropical Africa. These rattans are uncommon in cultivation and poorly understood by taxonomists. Closely related to Laccosperma, they are differentiated by the near complete absence of bracts and bracteoles. The name is from Greek meaning "without a spathe".
The Mitong is a river of southwestern mainland Equatorial Guinea. It forms part of the Muni Estuary along with the Congue River, Mandyani River, Mitimele River, Utamboni River and Mven River.
The Congue is a river of southwestern mainland Equatorial Guinea. It forms part of the Muni Estuary along with the Mitong River, Mandyani River, Mitimele River, Utamboni River and Mven River.
The Mandyani is a river of southwestern mainland Equatorial Guinea. It forms part of the Muni Estuary along with the Mitong River, Congue River, Mitimele River, Utamboni River and Mven River.
The Mitimele is a river of southwestern mainland Equatorial Guinea. It forms part of the Muni Estuary along with the Mitong River, Mandyani River, Congue River, Utamboni River and Mven River. The river becomes the Utamboni River along the border with Gabon.
The Utamboni is a river of southwestern mainland Equatorial Guinea. It flows along the border with Gabon and forms part of the Muni Estuary along with the Mitimele River, Mitong River, Mandyani River, Congue River, and Mven River. The river becomes the Utamboni River along the border with Gabon.
Cannabis in Equatorial Guinea is illegal with severe penalties for the production, sale, and possession of marijuana for medicinal or recreational purposes. Despite the illegality, smoking marijuana remains culturally popular among all strata of society, and it was reported in 2000 that no one has been arrested for smoking or dealing cannabis in living memory.
Equatoguinean nationality law is regulated by the Constitution of Equatorial Guinea, as amended; the Equatoguinean Nationality Regulation, and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of Equatorial Guinea. The legal means to acquire nationality, formal legal membership in a nation, differ from the domestic relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as citizenship. Equatoguinean nationality is typically obtained under the principle of jus soli, i.e. by birth in Equatorial Guinea, or jus sanguinis, born to parents with Equatoguinean nationality. It can be granted to persons with an affiliation to the country, or to a permanent resident who has lived in the country for a given period of time through naturalization.
References
- ↑ Hughes, R. H.; Hughes, J. S. (1992). A Directory of African Wetlands. IUCN. p. 501. ISBN 978-2-88032-949-5 . Retrieved 30 March 2012.
- ↑ Sundiata, I. K. (1990). Equatorial Guinea: colonialism, state terror, and the search for stability . Westview Press. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-8133-0429-8 . Retrieved 30 March 2012.