Naim Audio

Last updated

Naim Audio Limited
Company typePrivate Limited Company
IndustryHigh-end audio manufacture
Founded4 June 1973 [1]
Founder Julian Vereker
Headquarters Salisbury, England, United Kingdom
Key people
Cedric Magnaud (site director)
ProductsDigital music systems, amplifiers, CD players and loudspeakers
Revenue£41.8 million (in 2022) [2]
OwnerVervent Audio Group
Website www.naimaudio.com OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

Naim Audio is a British hi-fi manufacturer based in Wiltshire, United Kingdom.

Contents

The company was founded in 1973. Following a 2011 merger with French loudspeaker manufacturer Focal, Naim is owned by VerVent Audio Group.

History

Naim began when Julian Vereker started Naim Audio Visual in 1969 and created a sound-to-light box that he hired out to film production companies. He designed his own power amplifier. The company Naim Audio was incorporated in 1973. [1] [3] The convention at the time – dating back to audio pioneer Edgar Villchur – It was believed that the loudspeakers determined the sound of a hi-fi system, and amplifiers were simply a means to drive the speakers. [1]

Amplifiers

The first product Naim put on the market was the NAP160 power amplifier; it was followed by the NAC12 pre-amplifier. [1] The two-channel NAP 250 amplifier, launched in 1975, is perhaps Naim Audio's most well-known analogue product, as its basic circuit layout was shared by all the company's power amplifiers until the introduction of the NAP500 in 2000. The Naim NAIT, its first integrated amplifier, is "one of the most controversial and famous integrated amps in the history of HiFi". [4]

In 2024, Naim introduced new products specifically designed for the Integration market: CI-NAP 108, CI-NAP 101, and CI-Uniti 102. These products include power amplifiers and streaming amplifiers, which are designed to complement Focal loudspeakers. [5] In October of the same year, Naim engineers developed custom electronics for the DIVA UTOPIA, Focal's first active, wireless, and connected speaker. [6] The electronics feature class AB amplification, delivering 400 watts of power, and a new Naim Pulse Platform active module for high-resolution music streaming. [7]

R&D

In 1983, Guy Lamotte was hired as a designer. He completed the development of the NA T01 and NAT101 FM tuners and piloted the development of the Hi-Cap power supply and the −5 modifications to the company's pre-amplification (NAC42 and 32), the NAXO active crossover and the ARO uni-pivot tonearm (developed jointly with David Beck). Lamotte privately worked on a prototype electrostatic speaker design. It was brought into the Naim fold in 1987, after the Linn/Naim partnership ended. [1] [8] Roy George, who joined in 1985 and was appointed Technical Director of Naim in 2000, is credited with designing many of Naim's products. [9]

In 2019, the parent company Vervent Audio Group expected to invest more than 8% of its sales revenue in research and development. [10]

Following

The company, and its products such as the NAIT, NAC52 pre-amplifier, the ARO uni-pivot tonearm and the SBL (Separate Box Loudspeaker) have assumed cult status among devotees. [11] [12]

After Vereker

The company was headed by Vereker until his death in 2000, when Paul Stephenson, then Sales Director, became Managing Director [13] until 2015. The company saw turnover increase from £6m to £20m and began digital streaming. Former R&D Director Trevor Wilson was Managing Director from 2015 to 2018.[ citation needed ] The business was then led by Charlie Henderson as Managing Director between 2018 and 2021, [14] and by 2021 turnover had increased to £39 million, yielding profit before tax of nearly £5 million. [15]

In 2022, Cedric Magnaud took over as the site director, and the brand's turnover reached 41.8 million pounds. [16]

Design characteristics

Internally, the Naim design approach can be seen by their use of materials –– the semiconductors, heavy toroidal transformers, their attention to earthing, screening and isolation from electronic and mechanical interference, [17] through to their preference for XLR connector, DIN connector and the BNC connector for phono (as opposed to the RCA connector used by almost all other manufacturers). [1] [4] [18]

Naim design 1990 to 1999 Nait3 4549 resized.jpg
Naim design 1990 to 1999

Until 1989, the company's electronics could be identified by their heavy black aluminium casing. Since their replacement by the 'olive' range, the earlier vintages are known as 'chrome bumper' models. [13] Electrically, the amplifiers are matched and designed to be used together. Naim warns against experimentation with other manufacturers' components, [19] particularly in the case for some "high-end" loudspeaker cables, whose L/C characteristics were said by Naim to present unstable loads to the high-current devices used in Naim power amplifiers. [4]

As with other brands such as Arcam and Cyrus, the company's instruction manuals state that "better and more consistent performance will be achieved if the system is left switched on for long periods." [20] Reviewers have remarked on equipment sounding significantly better several weeks after being left switched on. [21] [22] [23] [24]

Digital audio

Naim CD 5 Naim Audio CD5 (2371446802-crop).jpg
Naim CD 5

Throughout much of the 1980s, Naim maintained the position that the Compact Disc was an inferior medium compared to the vinyl gramophone record. This perspective guided Naim's product design during that period. [1] The announcement in 1989 that the company was working on a CD player shocked the marketplace. [3] The player, called the CDS, was unusual for a two-box device in that Naim put the digital–analogue converter in the same box as the transport and audio circuitry, whilst keeping the power supply separate. [1] The player saw two major revisions, the CDS2 (1998) and CDS3 (2002). [25] Naim also made several less expensive single-box players such as the CD 5 XS (2009). [26] As of 2023, only the CD5si (introduced in 2012) continues to be made. [25]

Naim's Uniti range, introduced in 2009, [25] provides access to various digital streaming sources and services; these products contain power amplifiers and are connected to external speakers. The Uniti Atom received the EISA award for Best All in One System, 2018–19. [27] The Mu-so range, introduced in 2014, has internal Focal speaker drivers. [28]

The brand upgraded its Mu-so all-in-one speaker range with the unveiling of 'second generation' models in 2019: Mu-so 2nd Generation [29] and Mu-so Qb 2nd Generation, [30] the compact version. In January 2024, the Uniti all-in-one player range was enhanced with the Uniti Nova Power Edition model. [31]

In 2023, Naim introduced an updated line of separate components called New Classic (200 and 300 Series), which includes an amplifier, preamplifier, and streamer/DAC. These devices can be combined to create an audiophile-quality audio system. [32]

Partnerships

Page of Naim Audio company calendar, February 1986, with image of founder Julian Vereker in a parody of a Mr Kipling advertising slogan Nait1 JV.jpg
Page of Naim Audio company calendar, February 1986, with image of founder Julian Vereker in a parody of a Mr Kipling advertising slogan

During much of the 1970s and 80s, Naim adopted a symbiotic relationship with Linn Products, and their names were often mentioned together.

The two companies had almost the same sales and marketing strategy, and shared many of the same retailers/dealers. Vereker, the company's founder, was active in marketing and promotion, and appeared in the company's advertising. The company's shift to selling products through comparative demonstrations in a single-speaker environment represented a departure from marketing in chain electronics stores in favour of small independent retailers [in the United Kingdom].

The two companies diverged during the 1980s. This was partly due to the convergence of technology, but also because Naim had significantly fewer dealers than Linn. This presented problems for Linn dealers trying to sell Linn speakers, that were specifically designed to work with Naim amplification. Both Naim and Linn began broadening their product ranges and started encroaching on each other's areas of expertise: in 1985, Linn launched its LK1/LK2 amplification combination, signalling the definitive end of the partnership. Naim began making loudspeakers and Linn expanded its range of electronic components. In 1987, Naim announced that chief designer Guy Lamotte had been working on a prototype electrostatic speaker design, and that a product launch was imminent. However, the product was never brought to fruition as it was cancelled due to escalating costs. [8] In 1995, Naim announced the launch of the Armageddon power supply for the LP12. [33]

In 2008, Naim partnered with car manufacturer Bentley in the "Naim for Bentley" project, an optional upgrade in-car sound system. [1] Naim produced the audio systems for several of the manufacturer's models, including: Bentley Flying Spurs (2020), [34] Bentley Continental GT [35] and Bentley Bentayga. [36] To celebrate their exceptional partnership, in 2020, Naim and Focal introduced special edition products for Bentley Motors: the Mu-so for Bentley Special Edition all-in-one system and the Focal for Bentley Radiance [37] hi-fi headphones. In the same year, Naim developed an audio system for the Battista hypercar by Automobili Pininfarina. [38]

In 2023, Naim designed a top-of-the-range system for the Bentley's Mulliner division. The Batur, the most powerful car ever built by Bentley, was equipped with a Naim audio system comprising 20 loudspeakers manufactured by Focal. [39]

Naim's expertise has been sought after by car manufacturers and also in the world of yachts. In 2017, the brand collaborated with Princess Yachts. [40]

In 2010, Naim employed 140 staff, with products exported to at least 40 countries and half of its £15 million turnover coming from export. One-third of the business was from CD players. [13] In 2011 [41] and again in 2017, [42] around 60 percent of sales went to export markets.

By 2016, the number of employees had increased to 170*, and later surpassed 200. [43]

Ownership

At the time of his death, Julian Vereker held half of the share capital of the company. The other half was owned by employees, including Paul Stephenson who owned 20 percent. Vereker bequeathed his shares to be held in a trust of which Stephenson is trustee. [13]

2011: Focal & Co

In August 2011, Naim and Focal-JMLab announced a merger of both companies. Focal & Co., the new entity to be formed to own the existing operations, would employ 325 people in total at two sites, in Saint Etienne, France, and Salisbury, UK. Pro-forma annual turnover of the new company was £48 million. [44] [45] The Naim and Focal brands would continue to operate independently, while collaborating on R&D. [41]

The shareholders of Focal & Co are those that respectively owned the company prior to the merger (namely Jacques Mahul, CM-CIC and the management of Focal-JMLab and Naim), suggesting the merger being executed by an exchange of shares for shares in the holding company. No ownership statistics and no valuation were mentioned. [41]

2014: Vervent Audio Group

In May 2014, French investors Naxicap Partners and French private equity firm Aquasourca announced they had acquired a majority stake in the Focal & Co group, which was renamed to Vervent Audio Group. [46] [47]

In August 2017, Focal.JMLab UK Limited, the distributor of Focal speakers in the UK, was merged into Naim Audio Limited. [42] In late 2019, Alpha Private Equity became the majority shareholder of Vervent, [10] chaired by Cédrick Boutonet, who was appointed CEO. The subsidiaries Focal Naim America and Focal Naim Canada [48] were also created. Naim Audio Limited continues to operate as a British company and as a subsidiary of Vervent. [15] That same year, the rollout of a global network of 'Focal Powered by Naim' stores was launched, with the first openings in Seoul (South Korea) and Lyon (France). This was followed by the United States, [49] England, Canada, and many others. [50] These stores, shop-in-shops, and dedicated corners for the Focal and Naim brands offer customers a brand experience. [51] The FPBN network includes more than 50 locations, spanning North America, Asia, and Europe.

In 2022, the turnover of the Vervent Audio group amounted to 156 million euros. [52]

Record label

Formed in 1993, Naim Records is the label arm of Naim Audio. [53] An outlet to ensure the release of high-quality audio recordings by Naim founder, Julian Vereker MPE, Naim Records was birthed of Julian’s passion for music itself and for 30 years, has been releasing music a focus on high quality recording quality and songwriting. [54] From Sons of Kemet, Yazz Ahmed to Charlie Haden and Kurt Elling, the Naim Records catalogue is an eclectic one. [55]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Audiophile</span> High-fidelity sound reproduction enthusiast

An audiophile is a person who is enthusiastic about high-fidelity sound reproduction. The audiophile seeks to achieve high sound quality in the audio reproduction of recorded music, typically in a quiet listening space in a room with good acoustics.

Linn Products is an engineering company that manufactures hi-fi and audio equipment. Founded by Ivor Tiefenbrun in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1972, the company is best known as the manufacturer of the Linn Sondek LP12 turntable.

Roksan is a British manufacturer of high fidelity audio products for domestic use, based in Rayleigh, Essex. It is best known for its influential and innovative design for hi-fi equipment, and in particular its Xerxes platform for playing LP records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Powered speakers</span> Loudspeaker that have built-in amplifiers

Powered speakers, also known as self-powered speakers and active speakers, are loudspeakers that have built-in amplifiers. Powered speakers are used in a range of settings, including in sound reinforcement systems, both for the main speakers facing the audience and the monitor speakers facing the performers; by DJs performing at dance events and raves; in private homes as part of hi-fi or home cinema audio systems and as computer speakers. They can be connected directly to a mixing console or other low-level audio signal source without the need for an external amplifier. Some active speakers designed for sound reinforcement system use have an onboard mixing console and microphone preamplifier, which enables microphones to be connected directly to the speaker.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Julian Vereker</span>

Julian Charles Prendergast Vereker MBE was an English self-taught designer of audio equipment, and the founder of Naim Audio Ltd. of Salisbury, Wiltshire. He was an influential figure in the manufacture and retail of British high-fidelity audio equipment in the 1970s and 1980s.

Musical Fidelity is a British producer of high-end audio equipment focusing on streaming music players, and its core product range of amplifiers of various types. Other products have included headphones, Digital-Analog Converters (DACs), CD players, Bluetooth Receivers, ‘all-in-one systems’. Founded in the United Kingdom in 1982, they are known for their unusual industrial design, Nuvistor tube use and Class-AB amplifiers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linn Sondek LP12</span> Prominent audiophile turntable from Scotland

The Linn Sondek LP12 is a transcription turntable produced by Glasgow-based Linn Products, manufacturers of hi-fi, home theatre, and multi-room audio systems. Its name is derived from the 12" vinyl LP.

A&R Cambridge Ltd. (Arcam) is a British manufacturer of hi-fi equipment based in the Cambridge Innovation Park, Waterbeach, Cambridgeshire, England. It was established in 1976 by science and engineering students from the University of Cambridge. Since July 2017, it has been a part of South Korean company Samsung Electronics through its American subsidiary Harman International Industries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lipinski Sound</span> American audio equipment manufacturer

Lipinski Sound is a professional market and audiophile oriented manufacturer of loudspeakers, subwoofers, powered speaker stands, surround sound systems, power amplifiers, microphones, and microphone preamplifiers. It is based in San Francisco and Warsaw.

<i>What Hi-Fi?</i> British magazine

What Hi-Fi? is a website and magazine published by Future. It is a buying guide for consumer electronics, featuring news, reviews and features on hi-fi, home cinema, television and home audio. The website, whathifi.com, is updated daily, while the magazine is published thirteen times per year.

KEF is a British company specialising in the design and production of a range of high-end audio products, including HiFi speakers, subwoofers, architecture speakers, wireless speakers, and headphones. It was founded in Maidstone, Kent, in 1961 by a BBC engineer named Raymond Cooke (1925–1995). In 1992, the Hong Kong–based Gold Peak Group acquired KEF; and GP Acoustics, a member of Gold Peak, now owns the company. KEF continues to develop and manufacture its products in Maidstone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duntech</span>

Duntech is an Australia-based professional audio loudspeaker manufacturer, researcher, and developer. Their speakers are considered to be extremely high-end, audiophile-grade speakers, but they come with a very high price tag, as well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Focal-JMLab</span> French company specializing in audio equipment

Focal-JMlab is a French company that has been designing and selling high fidelity audio systems since 1979. Based in Saint-Étienne, the company manufactures loudspeakers for the home, speaker drivers for automobiles, headphones, professional studio monitors, as well as outdoor speakers and those dedicated to yachts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roksan Xerxes</span> 1985 record player

The Roksan Xerxes transcription turntable is a record player named after the Persian king Xerxes I and produced by London-based Roksan Audio. Designed by Roksan co-founder, Touraj Moghaddam, the Xerxes is a belt-driven turntable with a solid plinth. Launched in 1985, the sound quality of the product positioned it as a strong competitor against the established industry leader, the Linn Sondek LP12. Many reviewers use the Xerxes as a reference turntable.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Naim NAIT</span> Integrated audio amplifier

The Naim NAIT is an integrated amplifier from the British hi-fi manufacturer, Naim Audio. The original NAIT is one of the most recognisable pieces of hi-fi equipment ever made. Hi-fi critic Lucio Cadeddu recognised its legendary status, referring to it as "one of the most controversial and famous integrated amps in the history of HiFi".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Naim Audio amplification</span> British audio equipment manufacturer

Naim Audio is a specialist British manufacturer of high-end audio amplifiers well known for their self described qualities of "pace, rhythm and timing".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NAD 3020</span> Integrated amplifier by NAD electronics

The NAD 3020 is a stereo integrated amplifier by NAD Electronics, considered to be one of the most important components in the history of high fidelity audio. Launched in 1978, this highly affordable product delivered a good quality sound, which acquired a reputation as an audiophile amplifier of exceptional value. By 1998, the NAD 3020 had become the most well known and best-selling audio amplifier in history.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linn Isobarik</span> Loudspeaker designed and manufactured by Linn Products

The Linn Isobarik, nicknamed "Bariks" or "Briks", is a loudspeaker designed and manufactured by Linn Products. The Isobarik is known for both its reproduction of low bass frequencies and being very demanding on amplifiers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quad Electrostatic Loudspeaker</span> First production electrostatic loudspeaker

The Quad Electrostatic Loudspeaker (ESL) is the world's first production full-range electrostatic loudspeaker, launched in 1957 by Quad Electroacoustics, then known as the Acoustical Manufacturing Co. Ltd. The speaker is shaped somewhat like a home electric radiator curved slightly on the vertical axis. They are widely admired for their clarity and precision, but known to be difficult speakers to run and maintain.

Spendor is a British loudspeaker manufacturing company founded in 1969 by audio engineer Spencer Hughes (1924–1983) and his wife Dorothy. It is located in East Sussex. The name was derived from the first names of both.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Everard, Andrew (6 June 2013). "A famous Naim for 40 years". What Hi-fi?. Archived from the original on 20 July 2013.
  2. ↑ "Naim Audio Limited Financials". Global Database. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  3. 1 2 Price, David "Naim That Tume". Hi-Fi World Magazine. Archived from the original on 23 November 2010
  4. 1 2 3 Cadeddu, Lucio ( March 2003). "Naim Nait 1 - A living legend (1983–1987)". TNT Italy. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012.
  5. ↑ "Naim Launches Uniti Nova PE & New CI Series at ISE 2024". StereoNET Asia. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  6. ↑ "Focal $40K DIVA UTOPIA Active Streaming Wireless Speakers for 21st Century Audiophile". Audioholics Home Theater, HDTV, Receivers, Speakers, Blu-ray Reviews and News. 3 October 2024. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  7. ↑ Micallef, Ken. "Focal and Naim Debut Diva Utopia: A Fully Active, Wireless, High-End Loudspeaker Lands in the US". Stereophile.
  8. 1 2 Christian Steingruber (October 2000). "History of the Naim Audio FL1". Hi-fi Answers (via personal website)[ dead link ]
  9. ↑ Everard, Andrew (19 April 2012). "Naim SuperUniti: moving all-in-one hi-fi forward". Gramophone. Archived 28 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  10. 1 2 Stereo Magazine, 11 November 2019: Change of ownership at Focal-Naim
  11. ↑ "NAIM CD5I". Classic Rock, pg 96, Christmas 2004[ dead link ]
  12. ↑ Harrison, Andrew (12 May 2011). "Naim Audio UnitiQute review". PC Advisor Archived 1 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  13. 1 2 3 4 Quaschik, Hartmut (26 August 2010). "Interview with Paul Stephenson of Naim Audio UK :Once Cult – Now Facing The Future". TNT Germany. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012.
  14. ↑ "Charlie Hendersen Leaves Naim Audio". Hifi Pig. 26 February 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  15. 1 2 "Naim Audio Limited: Annual Report". Companies House. 31 December 2021. pp. 5, 12. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  16. ↑ "NAIM AUDIO LIMITED company key information - UK.GlobalDatabase.com". uk.globaldatabase.com. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  17. ↑ Martens, Chris (15 June 2013). "Meet Your Maker: Hi-Fi+ Visits Naim Audio". Hi-Fi+. Archived 13 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ↑ "Modifying and building audio power supplies". www.acoustica.org.uk. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  19. ↑ "Product Manuals | Naim Audio". www.naimaudio.com. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  20. ↑ "Product Manuals". Naim Audio.
  21. ↑ "Naim Nait 5i". The Hi-fi Journal, November 2009. Archived from the original on 15 July 2013.
  22. ↑ Dudley, Art (30 January 2008). "Naim Supernait integrated amplifier", pg1; pg2. Stereophile. Pg1, pg2 archived from the original on 30 July 2013.
  23. ↑ Loh, Joseph (22 July 2004). "To Naim a tune". The Star (Malaysia). Archived from the original on 15 July 2013.
  24. ↑ What Hi-Fi? (13 September 2003). "Home review". whathifi. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  25. 1 2 3 "Product history". Naim Audio. 8 August 2014. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  26. ↑ "Naim CD5 XS CD player". Stereophile.com. 2 November 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  27. ↑ "Naim Audio Uniti Atom | EISA – Expert Imaging and Sound Association". www.eisa.eu. 2018. Archived from the original on 6 September 2018.
  28. ↑ "Naim Mu-so 2 review". What Hi-Fi?. 19 June 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  29. ↑ Muller, Sasha (4 July 2019). "Naim Mu-so 2 review: The 2nd Generation Mu-so is an all-in-one audiophile dream". Expert Reviews. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  30. ↑ updated, What Hi-Fi? last (12 October 2022). "Naim Mu-so Qb 2nd Generation review". whathifi. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  31. ↑ Verity Burns (30 January 2024). "Naim Uniti Nova PE is brand's most powerful streaming player yet". whathifi. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  32. ↑ Fourcadier, Guillaume (6 June 2023). "Naim 300 Series : les électroniques audiophiles New Classic Series montent en gamme". ON-mag.fr (in French). Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  33. ↑ Wes Phillips (9 February 1996). "Naim ARO tonearm & Armageddon turntable power supply". stereophile.com. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
  34. ↑ What Hi-Fi? (24 March 2021). "Naim for Bentley premium audio system (2020 Bentley Flying Spur) review". whathifi. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  35. ↑ Marriage, Ollie. "Bentley Continental GT - long-term review". Top Gear.
  36. ↑ Minasians, Christopher (16 February 2022). "Bentley Bentayga audio review: Naim Audio system upgrade?". TotallyEV. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  37. ↑ Lerma, Martin (15 September 2020). "Bentley Partners With Naim and Focal for New Premium Speakers and Headphones". Robb Report. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  38. ↑ Rai, Kulwinder Singh (28 July 2020). "Pininfarina Battista all-electric hypercar boasts bespoke Naim Audio system". The Luxe Review. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  39. ↑ "Bentley Batur features new, 20-speaker audio system that costs £25,000". Motor1.com. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  40. ↑ "Princess Yachts chooses Naim as partner for audio solutions | DriveMag Boats". 13 December 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  41. 1 2 3 Newsome, Clare (19 August 2011). "Q&A – Naim Audio and Focal merger". What Hi-Fi?. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012.
  42. 1 2 "Naim Audio Limited: Annual Report and Financial Statements, 2017". Companies House. August 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  43. ↑ Andy Clough (4 April 2017). "Home". whathifi. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  44. ↑ "Focal and Naim, a Shared Passion for Perfect Sound". Archived from the original on 22 September 2011.
  45. ↑ "Passionate about sound, Focal & Naim unite". Naim Audio. August 2011 the original on 13 January 2012
  46. ↑ Sircom, Alan (8 May 2014). "Audio's transfer window". Hi-Fi+. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  47. ↑ "Vervent Audio Group". vervent-audio-group.com. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  48. ↑ Editors, CE Pro (14 February 2019). "Focal, Naim Parent Company Acquires Audio Plus Services & Plurison". CEPRO. Retrieved 31 October 2024.{{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  49. ↑ "The Focal powered by Naim Store: The Future of High-End Dealerships?". The Absolute Sound. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  50. ↑ Glowacki, Jeremy (18 July 2023). "Focal Powered by Naim Spaces Now in More Than 40 Different Stores". Residential Tech Today. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  51. ↑ "AV Quick Takes: Focal And Naim Continue Their Quest For World Domination". Audioholics Home Theater, HDTV, Receivers, Speakers, Blu-ray Reviews and News. 26 September 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  52. ↑ "Cédrick Boutonet, Focal : "Une trajectoire liée à une vision du marché"". mesinfos (in French). 25 September 2023. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  53. ↑ "Naim - CTA-HIFI". www.cta-hifi.com. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  54. ↑ "Naim Records | Naim Audio". www.naimaudio.com. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
  55. ↑ Naim. "Home". Naim. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.