 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(September 2013) |
Nasrin Moazami is an Iranian medical microbiologist and biotechnologist. She received her Ph.D. in 1976 from the Faculty of Medicine at Laval University. Moazami is the pioneer of biotechnology and microalgae-based fuels in Iran.
She established a research center in 1987, the only Regional Reference Center for Biotechnology in West and Central Asia. She founded the Persian Type Culture Collection (PTCC), originally proposed by Iranian microbiologist Bozorgmehr Vaziri. She became an affiliated member of the World Federation for Culture Collections (WFCC) in 1985 and the MIRCEN International Network in 1992. The latter is a collection of microorganisms with industrial importance.
In 1986, Moazami managed a joint project of the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST) with UNDP and UNESCO, that evaluated “the feasibility of producing and using Bacillus thuringiensis to control malaria vectors in southern Iran. Their slow-release formulation was patented at the European Patent Office in 2003. The project was transferred to a private company that began production of 1000 T/y in 2French 004.
From 1990 to 2004, she was Head of the IROST Biotechnology Department. From 2004 to 2010, she served as the IROST Director of the Institute of Advanced Technology.
She established the Persian Gulf Biotechnology Research Center- now the Qeshm Microalgae Biorefinery [1] in 1995 at Qehm Island, Iran. It is an important research center for applied research in marine biotechnology.
From 2001 to 2010, she was the principal investigator of an Iranian bio-diesel and bio-ethanol-based microalgae project.
In 2011 she became the manager of the National Project for scaling up microalgae-based diesel, ethanol and other valuable microalgae products in the Persian Gulf knowledge village.
In 2014 the expertise of the project was transferred to an Iranian private sector, "Qeshm MicroAlgae Biorefinery" (QMAB). The first 100 hectares of cultivation of MicroAlgae are under construction in Qeshm Island and will be expanded to 1000 hectares in three years by the company (www.qmabco.com).
In 2016 Professor Moazami was appointed as a member of the Scientific Board of the International Basic Sciences Program (IBSP) of UNESCO (http://en.irost.org/content/professor-nasrin-moazami-appointed-member-ibsp-unesco).
In 2022 the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) named a new genus, Moazamivirus, with three (3) species in honor of Professor Nasrin Moazami.
Microalgae or microphytes are microscopic algae invisible to the naked eye. They are phytoplankton typically found in freshwater and marine systems, living in both the water column and sediment. They are unicellular species which exist individually, or in chains or groups. Depending on the species, their sizes can range from a few micrometers (μm) to a few hundred micrometers. Unlike higher plants, microalgae do not have roots, stems, or leaves. They are specially adapted to an environment dominated by viscous forces.
A biorefinery is a refinery that converts biomass to energy and other beneficial byproducts. The International Energy Agency Bioenergy Task 42 defined biorefining as "the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of bio-based products and bioenergy ". As refineries, biorefineries can provide multiple chemicals by fractioning an initial raw material (biomass) into multiple intermediates that can be further converted into value-added products. Each refining phase is also referred to as a "cascading phase". The use of biomass as feedstock can provide a benefit by reducing the impacts on the environment, as lower pollutants emissions and reduction in the emissions of hazard products. In addition, biorefineries are intended to achieve the following goals:
Ramin Jahanbegloo is an Iranian philosopher and academic based in Toronto, Canada.
Energy crops are low-cost and low-maintenance crops grown solely for renewable bioenergy production. The crops are processed into solid, liquid or gaseous fuels, such as pellets, bioethanol or biogas. The fuels are burned to generate electrical power or heat.
The Energy Biosciences Institute (EBI) is an organization dedicated to developing new sources of energy and reducing the impact of energy consumption. It was created in 2007 to apply advanced knowledge of biology to the challenges of responsible, sustainable energy production and use. Its main goal is to develop next-generation biofuels—that is, biofuels that are made from the non-edible parts of plants and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Biobased economy, bioeconomy or biotechonomy is economic activity involving the use of biotechnology and biomass in the production of goods, services, or energy. The terms are widely used by regional development agencies, national and international organizations, and biotechnology companies. They are closely linked to the evolution of the biotechnology industry and the capacity to study, understand, and manipulate genetic material that has been possible due to scientific research and technological development. This includes the application of scientific and technological developments to agriculture, health, chemical, and energy industries.
Scenedesmus is a genus of green algae, in the class Chlorophyceae. They are colonial and non-motile. They are one of the most common components of phytoplankton in freshwater habitats worldwide.
Choricystis is a genus of green algae in the class Trebouxiophyceae, considered a characteristic picophytoplankton in freshwater ecosystems. Choricystis, especially the type species Choricystis minor, has been proposed as an effective source of fatty acids for biofuels. Choricystis algacultures have been shown to survive on wastewater. In particular, Choricystis has been proposed as a biological water treatment system for industrial waste produced by the processing of dairy goods.
Algae fuel, algal biofuel, or algal oil is an alternative to liquid fossil fuels that uses algae as its source of energy-rich oils. Also, algae fuels are an alternative to commonly known biofuel sources, such as corn and sugarcane. When made from seaweed (macroalgae) it can be known as seaweed fuel or seaweed oil.
Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is the process of extracting bioenergy from biomass and capturing and storing the carbon, thereby removing it from the atmosphere. BECCS can be a "negative emissions technology" (NET). The carbon in the biomass comes from the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) which is extracted from the atmosphere by the biomass when it grows. Energy ("bioenergy") is extracted in useful forms (electricity, heat, biofuels, etc.) as the biomass is utilized through combustion, fermentation, pyrolysis or other conversion methods.
Nannochloropsis is a genus of algae comprising six known species. The genus in the current taxonomic classification was first termed by Hibberd (1981). The species have mostly been known from the marine environment but also occur in fresh and brackish water. All of the species are small, nonmotile spheres which do not express any distinct morphological features that can be distinguished by either light or electron microscopy. The characterisation is mostly done by rbcL gene and 18S rRNA sequence analysis.
An algae bioreactor is used for cultivating micro or macro algae. Algae may be cultivated for the purposes of biomass production (as in a seaweed cultivator), wastewater treatment, CO2 fixation, or aquarium/pond filtration in the form of an algae scrubber. Algae bioreactors vary widely in design, falling broadly into two categories: open reactors and enclosed reactors. Open reactors are exposed to the atmosphere while enclosed reactors, also commonly called photobioreactors, are isolated to varying extents from the atmosphere. Specifically, algae bioreactors can be used to produce fuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol, to generate animal feed, or to reduce pollutants such as NOx and CO2 in flue gases of power plants. Fundamentally, this kind of bioreactor is based on the photosynthetic reaction, which is performed by the chlorophyll-containing algae itself using dissolved carbon dioxide and sunlight. The carbon dioxide is dispersed into the reactor fluid to make it accessible to the algae. The bioreactor has to be made out of transparent material.
Microalgae or microscopic algae grow in either marine or freshwater systems. They are primary producers in the oceans that convert water and carbon dioxide to biomass and oxygen in the presence of sunlight.
The Vahdat Hall, formerly the Roudaki Hall, is a performing arts complex in Tehran, Iran.
Hermes Records is an independent record label founded in Tehran, Iran, in 1999 by Ramin Sadighi. Under the slogan music for music, Hermes has published and produced mainly contemporary Persian music.
The phycosphere is a microscale mucus region that is rich in organic matter surrounding a phytoplankton cell. This area is high in nutrients due to extracellular waste from the phytoplankton cell and it has been suggested that bacteria inhabit this area to feed on these nutrients. This high nutrient environment creates a microbiome and a diverse food web for microbes such as bacteria and protists. It has also been suggested that the bacterial assemblages within the phycosphere are species-specific and can vary depending on different environmental factors.
The economic biomass potential of Turkey is 32 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe)/year. Total biomass production is estimated to reach 52.5 Mtoe by 2030. Arable crops in Central Anatolia and the Mediterranean have the most potential for electricity, and in 2021 biomass generated 7.6 TWh, which was 2.3% of the nation's electricity, from over 2 GW capacity. An estimated 6.5 million homes in Turkey use biomass as their main source of heating fuel.
Alireza Kazemipour is an Iranian screenwriter. He started his career in 1999 and followed it mainly by writing scripts for TV series. His screenplays have been nominated or winner in different national and local festivals.
Chlorella vulgaris is a species of green microalga in the division Chlorophyta. It is mainly used as a dietary supplement or protein-rich food additive in Japan.
Azin Alizadehasl is an Iranian Professor of Cardiology, Echocardiologist and CardioOncologist. She is currently the pioneer and head of Cardio-Oncology department and research center and faculty member of Rajaie Heart Center in Tehran, Iran.She is also fellowship of American Society of Echocardiography, Member at Large positions on ASE Guidelines and Standards Committee till 2020 and fellowship of American College of Cardiology.