Neuka | |
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Voivode of Transylvania | |
Reign | 1219–1221 |
Predecessor | Raphael |
Successor | Paul, son of Peter |
Died | after 1221 |
Neuka (died after 1221) was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania between 1219 and 1221, during the reign of Andrew II of Hungary. [1] [2] [3]
The Voivode of Transylvania was the highest-ranking official in Transylvania within the Kingdom of Hungary from the 12th century to the 16th century. Appointed by the monarchs, the voivodes – themselves also the heads or ispáns of Fehér County – were the superiors of the ispáns of all the other counties in the province.
Andrew II, also known as Andrew of Jerusalem, was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1205 and 1235. He ruled the Principality of Halych from 1188 until 1189/1190, and again between 1208/1209 and 1210. He was the younger son of Béla III of Hungary, who entrusted him with the administration of the newly conquered Principality of Halych in 1188. Andrew's rule was unpopular, and the boyars expelled him. Béla III willed property and money to Andrew, obliging him to lead a crusade to the Holy Land. Instead, Andrew forced his elder brother, King Emeric of Hungary, to cede Croatia and Dalmatia as an appanage to him in 1197. The following year, Andrew occupied Hum.
Before his voivodeship, Neuka served as ispán (comes) of Bihar County from 1216 to 1217. [4]
The ispán or count was the leader of a castle district in the Kingdom of Hungary from the early 11th century. Most of them were also heads of the basic administrative units of the kingdom, called counties, and from the 13th century the latter function became dominant. The ispáns were appointed and dismissed by either the monarchs or a high-ranking royal official responsible for the administration of a larger territorial unit within the kingdom. They fulfilled administrative, judicial and military functions in one or more counties.
Bihar was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary and a county of Partium. Its territory is now mostly in northwestern Romania, where it is administered as Bihor County, and a smaller part in eastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Nagyvárad.
The judge royal, also justiciar, chief justice or Lord Chief Justice, was the second-highest judge, preceded only by the palatine, in the Kingdom of Hungary between around 1127 and 1884. After 1884, the judge royal was only a symbolic function, but it was only in 1918 — with the end of Habsburgs in the Kingdom of Hungary — that the function ceased officially.
Nicholas II was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania in 1213, during the reign of Andrew II of Hungary.
Julius (I) from the kindred Kán was a powerful Hungarian baron and landowner, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Emeric, Ladislaus III and Andrew II. He was the ancestor of the gens Kán which originated from Baranya County.
Benedict, son of Korlát was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania twice, from 1202 to 1206 and 1208 to 1209.
Smaragd (II) from the kindred Smaragd was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman from the gens Smaragd, who held several positions during the reign of Andrew II of Hungary.
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Ipoch from the kindred Bogátradvány was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman from the gens Bogátradvány, which, according to historian Simon of Kéza, was originate from Bohemia.
Raphael or Raphain was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania in 1217, during the reign of Andrew II of Hungary. He might have been also in office in 1218.
Paul, son of Peter was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania between 1221 and 1222, during the reign of Andrew II of Hungary. The first known vice-voivode, Bocha held the office in 1221, during Paul's reign.
Pousa, son of Sólyom was a Hungarian nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania twice, in 1227 and 1235 to 1241.
Julius (I) from the kindred Rátót was a powerful Hungarian baron and landowner, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Andrew II and Béla IV. He was the founder of the gens Rátót's economical and political power.
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Lawrence was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman and military leader, who served as voivode of Transylvania between 1242 and 1252.
Otto (Atha) from the kindred Győr was a Hungarian noble, who served as palatine in 1066, during the reign of Solomon, King of Hungary. He was the ancestor of the gens Győr, which flourished until the 17th century.
John was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania in 1273, during the reign of Ladislaus IV of Hungary.
Stephen, son of Tekesh was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania in 1280, during the reign of Ladislaus IV of Hungary.
Ladislaus (II) from the kindred Kán was a Hungarian baron and landowner, member of the gens Kán.
Bánk of the Bár-Kalán clan was an influential nobleman in the Kingdom of Hungary in the first decades of the 13th century. He was Palatine of Hungary between 1212 and 1213, Judge royal from 1221 till 1222, and Ban of Slavonia between 1208 and 1209 and in 1217. He was also ispán of at least eight counties in the first decades of the 13th century. According to later tradition, Queen Gertrude of Merania's brother raped Bánk's wife, which caused her assassination in 1213. He is the subject of the opera Bánk bán by Ferenc Erkel.
James Borsa the Bald, was an influential lord in the Kingdom of Hungary at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. He was Palatine between 1306 and 1314, Ban of Slavonia in 1298, and Master of the horse between 1284 and 1285.
Joachim Gutkeled was an influential lord in the Kingdom of Hungary. He was Ban of Slavonia between 1270 and 1272 and from 1276 to 1277, and three times Master of the treasury between 1272 and 1275. He was also ispán, or head, of many counties, including Baranya and Pozsony.
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier which is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.
Political offices | ||
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Preceded by Raphael | Voivode of Transylvania 1219–1221 | Succeeded by Paul, son of Peter |