The New Zealand General Service Medal 1992 (Non-Warlike) (NZGSM 1992) is a New Zealandcampaign medal, authorised in 1992, for award to New Zealanders who have served in peacekeeping operations for which no separate UN medal was issued.
Each operation covered by the medal was represented by a clasp on the ribbon; twelve clasps have been issued to date, covering operations from 1954 to the present. The medal is never issued without a clasp.[1]
The NZGSM 1992 was issued in two varieties – one for warlike service, and another for non-warlike service. Non-warlike operations were commemorated by this medal, operational deployments were commemorated by the NZGSM 1992 (Warlike) in silver.
This medal was replaced in 2002 by the New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 – all operations commencing on after 1 January 2000 will be recognised by awards of this new medal. However the NZGSM 1992 will continue to be issued with the clasp Sinai for so long as that deployment continues, all other operations recognised by this medal have now ceased.
A United Nations Medal is an international decoration awarded by the United Nations (UN) to the various world countries members for participation in joint international military and police operations such as peacekeeping, humanitarian efforts, and disaster relief. The medal is ranked in militaries and police forces as a service medal. The United Nations awarded its first medal during the Korean War (1950–1953). Since 1955, many additional United Nations medals have been created and awarded for participation in various United Nations missions and actions around the world.
The Australian Active Service Medal (AASM) is an Australian military decoration. It was authorised on 13 September 1988 to recognise prescribed service in "warlike" operations, backdated to February 1975. It is awarded with a clasp to denote the prescribed operation and subsequent awards of the medal are made in the form of additional clasps. In 2012, it was announced that the medal would no longer be issued for future operations, with the AASM and the Australian Service Medal being replaced by the Australian Operational Service Medal.
Prior to 1946 the New Zealand armed forces received honours of the United Kingdom, including military decorations and campaign medals. Since the end of World War 2 there have been constant moves towards an independent New Zealand honours system. This has resulted in a new system of New Zealand honours, gallantry and bravery awards, and campaign medals.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 1992 (Warlike) is a New Zealand campaign medal, authorised in 1992, for award to New Zealanders who have served in warlike operations for which no separate New Zealand or British Commonwealth campaign medal was issued.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 was a New Zealand campaign medal for service in the Solomon Islands. The medal was awarded for service during Operation Purple Haze 1 and 2, Operation Zephyr, and the International Peace Monitoring Team from 2000 to 2002 and with the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) from 2003 to 2013.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 was a New Zealand campaign medal for service in the Iraq.
The Humanitarian Overseas Service Medal is an award in the Australian honours system. The award is presented to those who perform humanitarian service in a foreign country, in particular those working in dangerous environments or conditions or during a humanitarian crisis. The award was introduced by letters patent on 16 April 1999, following a review of the Australian honours and awards system beginning in 1995.
The Police Overseas Service Medal is an award in the Australian honours system. The award is presented to members of an Australian police force in recognition of service undertaken with an international peace-keeping organisations or following a request for assistance from a foreign government. The award was introduced by letters patent on 25 April 1991. In 2013 the criteria was amended to also include service by regular and patrol officers of the Royal Papua New Guinea Constabulary. Recipients of the medal are not entitled to any post-nominal letters.
The Australian Active Service Medal 1945–1975 recognises the service of Australian Defence Force and certain other persons in prescribed warlike operations in the period after World War II, and prior to February 1975. The medal was established in December 1997. The Australian Active Service Medal recognises warlike service after February 1975 until 2012 when the Australian Operational Service Medal was instituted.
The Australian Service Medal 1945–1975 recognises service in peacekeeping or non-warlike operations in the 30-year period following World War II, and prior to February 1975. The medal was established on 22 February 1995. The Australian Service Medal recognises non-warlike service after February 1975.
The Australian Service Medal is an Australian military decoration. It was authorised 13 September 1988 to recognise prescribed service in peacekeeping and non-warlike operations. It is awarded with a clasp to denote the prescribed operation and subsequent awards of the medal are made in the form of additional clasps. The Australian Service Medal 1945–1975 recognises non-warlike service prior to February 1975. The Australian Service Medal was replaced in 2012 by the Australian Operational Service Medal, except for ongoing missions.
Australian military involvement in peacekeeping operations has been diverse, and included participation in both United Nations sponsored missions, as well as those as part of ad hoc coalitions. Indeed, Australians have been involved in more conflicts as peacekeepers than as belligerents; however, according to Peter Londey "in comparative international terms, Australia has only been a moderately energetic peacekeeper." Although Australia has had peacekeepers in the field continuously for 60 years – the first occasion being in Indonesia in 1947, when Australians were among the first group of UN military observers – its commitments have generally been limited, consisting of small numbers of high-level and technical support troops or observers and police. David Horner has noted that the pattern changed with the deployment of 600 engineers to Namibia in 1989–90 as the Australian contribution to UNTAG. From the mid-1990s, Australia has been involved in a series of high-profile operations, deploying significantly large units of combat troops in support of a number of missions including those in Cambodia, Rwanda, Somalia and later in East Timor. Australia has been involved in close to 100 separate missions, involving more than 30,000 personnel and 10 Australians have died during these operations.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 (Korea) is a New Zealand campaign medal for service in Korea. The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 was established by royal warrant to recognize service since 2000. The NZGSM 2002 (Korea) was authorized by regulation on 5 September 2008. To qualify for this medal personnel must serve thirty days in the Republic of Korea with the United Nations Command Military Armistice Commission (UNCMAC) or the United Nations Command Honour Guard Company. Only service since 1 January 2001 qualifies. This medal replaces the award of the New Zealand General Service Medal 1992 (Non-Warlike) with the Korea 1958-2000 clasp.
The United Nations Special Service Medal (UNSSM) is presented to personnel with 90 days of service with a United Nations mission not covered by a specific United Nations Medal. United Nations Headquarters service is not eligible.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 (Afghanistan) is a campaign medal of New Zealand that recognizes service in the War in Afghanistan. The Queen of New Zealand authorized the creation of a new General Service Medal for the recognition of service taking place after December 2001 with a royal warrant on 23 July 2002. Regulations to establish the NZGSM 2002 (Afghanistan) were published 16 January 2003.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 (Counter-Piracy) is a New Zealand campaign medal for service in counter-piracy operations in an area centred on the Arabian Sea. The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 was established by royal warrant to recognize service since 2000. The NZGSM 2002 (Counter-Piracy) was authorized by regulation on 27 March 2015. To qualify for this medal personnel must serve thirty days in an operational area as a member of a New Zealand Government contribution to a force undertaking counter-piracy operations. Only service on or after 1 January 2009 qualifies. Outside the Arabian Sea other areas of operation include the Gulf of Aden, the Western Indian Ocean, and off the coasts of Somalia, Yemen, and Oman. The earliest large deployment of New Zealand Forces was when HMNZS Te Mana served with Combined Task Force 151 and Operation Ocean Shield from November 2013 to February 2014.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 is a New Zealand campaign medal for service in the land territory, airspace, and territorial sea of the country of Iraq since 4 November 2014.
The New Zealand General Service Medal 2002 is a New Zealand campaign medal for service in the Middle East since 7 December 2014.
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