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Ghazni,historically known as Ghaznain (غزنين) or Ghazna (غزنه),also transliterated as Ghuznee,and anciently known as Alexandria in Opiana,is a city in southeastern Afghanistan with a population of around 190,000 people. The city is strategically located along Highway 1,which has served as the main road between Kabul and Kandahar for thousands of years. Situated on a plateau at 2,219 metres (7,280 ft) above sea level,the city is 150 kilometres (93 mi) south of Kabul and is the capital of Ghazni Province. The name Ghazni drives from the Persian word ganj ‘treasure’.
Ghazni is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan,located in southeastern Afghanistan. The province contains 19 districts,encompassing over a thousand villages and roughly 1.3 million people,making it the 5th most populous province. The city of Ghazni serves as the capital. It lies on the important Kabul–Kandahar Highway,and has historically functioned as an important trade center. The Ghazni Airport is located next to the city of Ghazni and provides limited domestic flights to Afghanistan's capital,Kabul.
Kandahār is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan,located in the southern part of the country,sharing a border with Pakistan,to the south. It is surrounded by Helmand in the west,Uruzgan in the north and Zabul Province in the east. Its capital is the city of Kandahar,Afghanistan's second largest city,which is located on the Arghandab River. The greater region surrounding the province is called Loy Kandahar. The Emir of Afghanistan sends orders to Kabul from Kandahar making it the de facto capital of Afghanistan,although the main government body operates in Kabul. All meetings with the Emir take place in Kandahar,meetings excluding the Emir are in Kabul.
Laghman is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan,located in the eastern part of the country. It has a population of about 502,148,which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. Laghman hosts a large number of historical landmarks,minarets,monuments,and other cultural relics that are manifestation of its old history and culture. The city of Mihtarlam serves as the capital of the province. In some historical texts the name is written as "Lamghan" or as "Lamghanat".
Malistan or Malestan,is a district in Ghazni province,Afghanistan. Its population,which is 100% Hazara,was estimated at 350,000 in 2009. The district capital is Mir Adina.
Hajii Sher Alam Ibrahimi was the governor of Ghazni Province from around 2005–2006 until 2007 and is a major commander aligned with Ittihad-i Islami and Abdul Rasul Sayyaf,having fought with him in the Afghan Civil War.
Mohammad Amam Hamimi is a former Governor of Logar Province in Afghanistan. He was governor from 10 March 2004 to December 2005. He was succeeded by Abdul Karim Matin as Ghazni governor in 2016.
Taj Mohammad Wardak is an Afghan politician,from the Pashtun ethnic group. He spent some of the period of the Taliban's administration in the United States of America,and became an American citizen.
Rashidan District is a new district in Ghazni province,Afghanistan;it was created from the larger Jaghatu district.
Andar is one of the eastern districts of Ghazni Province in Afghanistan. The population has been estimated at 88,300,all Pashtun. The district center is Miray while the other main town is Andar. The district is named after the Andar Ghilji tribe of the Pashtuns. The district also contains the town of Sardeh Band on its edge near the border with Paktika Province.
Khwaja Umari is a district in Ghazni province,Afghanistan. It was created in 2005 from the large Jaghatu District. The district center is the village of Khwaja Umari.
Hajji Din Mohammad also known as Azizullah Din Mohammad is a politician in Afghanistan who served as the Governor of Nangarhar Province followed by Governor of Kabul Province. He is currently the Chairman of Peace and Development Islamic Party. He has been involved in the peace and reconciliation process between the Afghan Government and the Taliban and is currently the deputy of High Council for National Reconciliation. Haji Din Mohammad comes from a distinguished Pashtun family "Arsala" The Arsala family is part of the Jabar Khel. He is also the elder brother of late Hajji Abdul Qadir and Abdul Haq His great-grandfather,Wazir Arsala Khan,served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan in 1869. One of Arsala Khan's descendants,Taj Mohammad Khan,was a general at the Battle of Maiwand. Another descendant,Abdul Jabbar Khan,was Afghanistan’s first Ambassador to Russia.
Mihtarlam,also spelled Mehtar Lam,is the sixteenth-largest city of Afghanistan. It is the capital of Laghman Province and center of Mihtarlam District. It is the only large urban settlement in the province. The town is situated in the valley formed by the Alishang and Alingar rivers,47 km northwest of the city of Jalalabad. There is a paved road between the cities that takes approximately one hour to travel by car.
The Khugyani,Khogyani or Khogiani tribe is one of the Karlāṇītribes of the Pashtun people. The tribe originated in the Khogyani district in Nangarhar province of Afghanistan. The Khogyani District is in eastern Nangarhar province of Afghanistan,near the city of Jalalabad and the Kōh-i-Safēd.
Mohammad Mohammad Khan is an Afghan politician who served as Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Afghanistan. He was elected to represent Ghazni Province in Afghanistan's Wolesi Jirga,the lower house of its National Legislature,in 2005. He is a member of the Pashtun ethnic group. Khan has been one of the senior most party leaders and served in high ranks of the party Hezbi Islami and also run during 2014 presidential election as first vice president candidate with Abdullah Abdullah.
The Andar are a Ghilji Pashtun sub-tribe. The Andar occupy nearly the whole of the extensive district of Shalgar south of Ghazni The Andar were traditionally known for their skill in the construction and maintenance of large karez. More concentrated in Ghazni Province,they have also a significant presence in Paktia. During the 19th century they joined in the Ghilji revolt and many were summarily sent into internal exile. Somewhat inexplicably,they allied themselves for a time with the Harakat-i Islami,during the anti-Soviet campaign. In fact,there were two Mujaheddin parties named Harakat-i Islami Afghanistan,the other and far more significant party was originally a 'united front' of mainly Hezb-i Islami and Jamiat-i Islami,that collapsed after only a few months,leaving behind a significant party that was in many ways a precursor to the present day Taliban movement. A majority of the Andar tribe were affiliated with this 'Harakt-i Islami' and it is notable that the leader of this united front and later party,Mawlawi Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi was Andar by tribe. Similarly,the senior Mawlawi Mansoor was Andar too. Mansoor's son Saifurrahman Mansoor was later an important figure and military leader in the Taliban movement.
The Sarda Dam is located near the town of Sardeh Band,in the eastern part of Andar District of Ghazni Province of Afghanistan. Part of its reservoir,which provides fresh water to much of southern Ghazni,is in neighboring Paktika Province. In recent years,the locals proposed to turn the area into a national park,similar to that of the Band-e Amir National Park in Bamyan Province.
Muhammad Arif Shah Jahan is a politician and the former governor of Maidan Wardak province and Farah province in Afghanistan. He was appointed as governor of Wardak province by President Ashraf Ghani in place of Zundi Gul Zamani on 17 February 2018. He was previously the representative of the people of Ghazni province in Afghanistan Parliament.
References
- ↑ "Province: Ghazni" (PDF). Navy Postgraduate School. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-12-11.