The Republic of Karelia, or Karelia, is a federal subject of Russia, located in the northwest of Russia. Its capital is the city of Petrozavodsk. Its population in 2010 was 643,548.
Eastern Finland was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2009. It bordered the provinces of Oulu, Western Finland and Southern Finland. It also bordered Russia to the east.
Karelian is a Finnic language spoken mainly in the Russian Republic of Karelia. Linguistically, Karelian is closely related to the Finnish dialects spoken in eastern Finland, and some Finnish linguists have even classified Karelian as a dialect of Finnish though in the modern day it is widely considered a separate language. Karelian is not to be confused with the Southeastern dialects of Finnish, sometimes referred to as karjalaismurteet in Finland.
Joensuu is a city and municipality in North Karelia, Finland. It was founded in 1848. The population of Joensuu is 76,334, and the economic region of Joensuu has a population of 115,000. The nearest major city, Kuopio in North Savonia, is located 136 kilometres (85 mi) to the west. As is typical of cities in Eastern Finland, Joensuu is monolingually Finnish.
The Finnish Army is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. Today's Army is divided into six branches: the infantry, field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army since 1 August 2017 is Lieutenant General Petri Hulkko.
North Karelia is a region in eastern Finland. It borders the regions of Kainuu, North Savo, South Savo and South Karelia, as well as Russia.
South Karelia is a region of Finland. It borders the regions of Kymenlaakso, South Savo and North Karelia, as well as Russia.
Karelia, the land of the Karelian people, is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Russia, the USSR, Finland and Sweden. It is currently divided among the northwestern Russian Federation and Finland.
Joutseno is a former town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the South Karelia region. Joutseno had a population of 10,821 (2004) and covers an area of 498,8 km² of which 187,7 km² is water. The region shares nine kilometers of borderline with Russia. The population density is 34,8 inhabitants per km². Joutseno is unilingually Finnish. Until 2005, Joutseno's status was changed to city. Joutseno was consolidated with Lappeenranta on 2009-01-01. A referendum was held, by public demand, before the amalgamation and the result was 73.9% against joining Lappeenranta. The referendum result was not considered binding, however, and the merger was carried out regardless.
Nurmes is a town and municipality of Finland. It was located in the former province of Eastern Finland until 2010 and is now in the North Karelia region. The town has a population of 9,492 and covers an area of 1,854.78 square kilometres (716.13 sq mi) of which 253.7 km2 (98.0 sq mi) is water. The population density is 5.93 inhabitants per square kilometre (15.4/sq mi). Neighbouring municipalities are Juuka, Kuhmo, Lieksa, Rautavaara, Sotkamo and Valtimo.
The Karelian question or Karelian issue is a dispute in Finnish politics over whether to try to regain control over eastern Finnish Karelia and other territories ceded to the Soviet Union in the Winter War and the Continuation War. Despite the name "Karelian question", the term may refer also to the return of Petsamo, ceded parts of Salla and Kuusamo, and four islands in the Gulf of Finland. Sometimes the phrase "debate on the return of the ceded territories" is used. The Karelian question remains a matter of public debate rather than a political issue.
The Karelian Army was a Finnish army during the Continuation War.
Punamusta a printing and graphic design company in Joensuu, Finland. Its current (2010) director is Jari Avellan.
The old Karelian railroad between Viipuri (Viborg) and Joensuu is a 1,524 mm broad gauge line that used to link Joensuu, Sortavala, Hiitola, Antrea, and Viipuri (Vyborg). Originally built in 1892-1894 by Finnish State Railways in the Grand Duchy of Finland, in the 1940s most of the railway up to Niirala was ceded by Finland to the Soviet Union in the Moscow Peace Treaty, Moscow Armistice and Paris Peace Treaty as a result of the Winter War and Continuation War. Now the track is located in Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia and North Karelia. The Sortavala–Joensuu link across the border was abolished after the Continuation War, but was since restored and is currently in use for cargo traffic.
North Karelia Brigade is a former Finnish Army unit that was situated in Kontioranta, Kontiolahti, about 19 kilometres North from the city of Joensuu. The brigade was closed down in the end of 2013. Annually 1500 recruits started their military service in Kontioranta. The brigade was the infantry centre of Eastern Finland: it trained soldiers to work in the roadless circumstances in North Karelia, Southern Savonia and Northern Savonia. The majority of conscripts were from that area. There were about 300 staff and career personnel. The last commander of the Brigade was Colonel Jari Kytölä.
Lyudmila Fyodorovna Markianova is a Karelian linguist and a professor emerita. She has been called "karjalan kielen muamo", i.e. 'mother of the Karelian language'.
The Karelian United Government was a short-lived state that existed from 1920 to 1923, as a merger of the Republic of Uhtua and the Olonets Government of Southern Karelia.
August Anselm Wesley ; was a Finnish journalist, trade unionist and revolutionary who was the chief of the Red Guards general staff in the 1918 Finnish Civil War. He later served as a lieutenant in the British organized Murmansk Legion and the Estonian Army.
Krista Johanna Mikkonen is a Finnish Green League politician, second-term member of parliament, and Finland's Minister of the Environment and Climate Change. She lives in Joensuu, but spent her childhood in Koria. She has worked as a Member of the Finnish Parliament since 2015. In 2016-2019, Mikkonen was the chairperson of the Green League parliamentary group.
Johannes Vasilinpoika Karhapää (or Ivan Vasilievich Karhapää, was a Finnish Karelian teacher and an Eastern Orthodox missionary who was killed by the White Guards during the Finnish Civil War. He was canonized in 2018 as the Holy Martyr and Confessor John of Sonkajanranta.
