A stock exchange, securities exchange, or bourse is an exchange where stockbrokers and traders can buy and sell securities, such as shares of stock, bonds and other financial instruments. Stock exchanges may also provide facilities for the issue and redemption of such securities and instruments and capital events including the payment of income and dividends. Securities traded on a stock exchange include stock issued by listed companies, unit trusts, derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds. Stock exchanges often function as "continuous auction" markets with buyers and sellers consummating transactions via open outcry at a central location such as the floor of the exchange or by using an electronic trading platform.
A shareholder of corporate stock refers to an individual or legal entity that is registered by the corporation as the legal owner of shares of the share capital of a public or private corporation. Shareholders may be referred to as members of a corporation. A person or legal entity becomes a shareholder in a corporation when their name and other details are entered in the corporation's register of shareholders or members, and unless required by law the corporation is not required or permitted to enquire as to the beneficial ownership of the shares. A corporation generally cannot own shares of itself.
Corporate governance are mechanisms, processes and relations by which corporations are controlled and operated ("governed").
A public company is a company whose ownership is organized via shares of stock which are intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange or in over-the-counter markets. A public company can be listed on a stock exchange, which facilitates the trade of shares, or not. In some jurisdictions, public companies over a certain size must be listed on an exchange. In most cases, public companies are private enterprises in the private sector, and "public" emphasizes their reporting and trading on the public markets.
An American depositary receipt is a negotiable security that represents securities of a foreign company and allows that company's shares to trade in the U.S. financial markets.
Singapore Exchange Limited is a Singapore-based exchange conglomerate, operating equity, fixed income, currency and commodity markets. It provides a range of listing, trading, clearing, settlement, depository and data services. SGX Group is also a member of the World Federation of Exchanges and the Asian and Oceanian Stock Exchanges Federation.
B3 S.A.– Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão, formerly BM&FBOVESPA, is a stock exchange located in São Paulo, Brazil, and the second oldest of the country.
Share repurchase, also known as share buyback or stock buyback, is the re-acquisition by a company of its own shares. It represents an alternate and more flexible way of returning money to shareholders. When used in coordination with increased corporate leverage, buybacks can increase share prices.
The Kazakhstan Stock Exchange is a stock exchange located in Almaty, Kazakhstan. The exchange was founded in 1993.
Lojas Renner is a Brazilian department store clothing company, headquartered in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It was the first Brazilian corporation with a hundred percent of shares traded on the Stock Exchange and listed on the Novo Mercado, the highest amongst the different levels of corporate governance in São Paulo Stock Exchange (B3). Its main competitors are Lojas Riachuelo, C&A, and Hering.
A proxy firm provides services to shareholders to vote their shares at shareholder meetings of, usually, listed companies.
In mergers and acquisitions, a mandatory offer, also called a mandatory bid in some jurisdictions, is an offer made by one company to purchase some or all outstanding shares of another company, as required by securities laws and regulations or stock exchange rules governing corporate takeovers. Most countries, with the notable exception of the United States, have provisions requiring mandatory offers.
Gafisa is the fourth largest Brazilian residential construction and real estate company, after Cyrela Brazil Realty, PDG S.A. MRV Engenharia and Brookfield Incorporações. It is based in São Paulo and present in various cities of Brazil. It was introduced to the market since 1954, and it specializes in projects of high standard, it is also holding a number of other companies. Gafisa's predecessor company is the Cimob Companhia Imobiliária, from whom Gafisa S.A. inherited its brand name, assets, liabilities, and market position.
Rede known as Redecard is a Brazilian multi-brand acquirer with 25 brands in its portfolio, for credit, debit and benefit cards. Its activities include merchant acquiring, capturing, transmission, processing and settlement of credit and debit card transactions, prepayment of receivables to merchants, rental of POS terminals, check verification through POS terminals, credit card machine and the capture and transmission of transactions using benefit-voucher, private-label cards and loyalty programs such as Multiplus. The company is the first largest in its sector. The company was traded in BM&F Bovespa and disclosed in 2012, 24, September.
PDG is the second largest real estate company in Brazil, after Cyrela Brazil Realty and has its focus on the popular segment. The company became listed in January 2007 in the corporate index Novo Mercado of BM&F Bovespa and in 2010, became part of the Ibovespa index, but was removed in 2016, because its shares fell by around 95%. PDG Realty its based in Rio de Janeiro.
Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. is a public corporate services and financial technology company founded in 2007 as a spin-off from management software company Automatic Data Processing. Broadridge supplies public companies with proxy statements, annual reports and other financial documents, and shareholder communications solutions, such as virtual annual meetings.
Michael Klein is a Brazilian business executive. He is the CEO of the Brazilian chain of department stores, Casas Bahia, and former Chairman of Via Varejo, the parent company of Casas Bahia, Cnova Brazil and Ponto Frio. Michael's father, Samuel Klein, founded Casas Bahia in 1952. Since June 2019, the Klein family own a controlling stake in Via Varejo.
Cross border listings is the practice of listing a company's common shares on a different exchange than its primary stock exchange.
Iguatemi is the third largest Brazilian firm working within the fields of creation, planning, development, and administration of shopping centers after BRMalls and Multiplan. Iguatemi has shareholdings in 16 shopping malls, 1 premium outlet and 3 office towers that account for 657.000 m² of gross leasable area (GLA). Such space is used by 3.004 stores that welcome approximately 10 million customers per month.
BRMalls, styled as brMalls, is a Brazilian company that operates in the business of shopping center management, with participation in 31 shoppings in all regions of Brazil. The company was founded in 2006, after a partnership between GP Investments and Equity International in the acquisition of ECISA, Dacom and Egec. It is currently one of the largest shopping mall operators in the country.
