Nutibara sculpture park

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Cacique Nutibara, by Jose Horacio Betancur Cacique Nutibara-obra de Jose Horacio Betancur.JPG
Cacique Nutibara, by José Horacio Betancur

Sculpture Park (Spanish: Parque de las Esculturas) is a sculpture garden at the foot of Nutibara Hill in Medellín, Colombia and the first of its kind in the country. [1] The park contains 10 modern and abstract sculptures by famous Colombian and international artists such as Edgar Negret (Colombia), Otto Herbert Hajek (Germany), and Sergio de Camargo (Brazil). [2] [3]

Sculpture garden outdoor garden dedicated to the presentation of sculpture

A sculpture garden or sculpture park is an outdoor garden dedicated to the presentation of sculpture, usually several permanently sited works in durable materials in landscaped surroundings. These installations are related to several similar concepts, most notably land art, where landscapes become the basis of a site-specific sculpture, and topiary gardens, which consists of training live plants into living sculptures.

Nutibara Hill hill in Colombia

Nutibara Hill is a rocky hill formation located in the Colombian city of Medellin, in the geographic center of the Aburrá Valley and on the west bank of the Medellín River. It is one of the few ecosystems that is conserved in Medellín and is considered one of the city's seven "guardian" hills. The hill has a sculpture park, the open-air Carlos Vieco Auditorium, and the Pueblito Paisa a reproduction of the traditional Colombian township, amongst other sights. The hill is 80 meters tall and has an area of 333,300 m². It is named after the indigenous Chief Nutibara.

Medellín Municipality in Aburrá Valley, Colombia

Medellín, officially the Municipality of Medellín, is the second-largest city in Colombia and the capital of the department of Antioquia. It is located in the Aburrá Valley, a central region of the Andes Mountains in South America. According to the National Administrative Department of Statistics, the city has an estimated population of 2.5 million as of 2017. With its surrounding area that includes nine other cities, the metropolitan area of Medellín is the second-largest urban agglomeration in Colombia in terms of population and economy, with more than 3.7 million people.

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Its closest metro station is Industriales. [4] The park is free to the public and is open from 6 am to midnight.

Medellín Metro Urban train in Medellín, Colombia

The Medellín Metro is a rapid transit system that crosses the Metropolitan Area of Medellín from North to South and from Centre to West. It first opened for service on 30 November 1995. As one of the first experiences of modern mass transportation in Colombia and the only metro system in the country, the Medellín Metro is a product of the urban planning of the Antioquia department of Colombia.

History

Sculpture Park was created in 1983 on the initiative of former Colombian President Belisario Betancur Cuartas, who wanted to turn the area into an important cultural center. [1] In a record time of 15 days in December 1983, invited artists gave life to one of the most ambitious cultural projects in the city. The Museum of Modern Art of Medellin coordinated the installation of a permanent display of sculptures made by 10 national and international artists to be installed in the natural environment of the hill.

The park includes works by Sergio Camargo (Brasil), Carlos Cruz Díez (Venezuela), Manuel Falguerez (Mexico), Otto Herbert Hajek (Germany), Julio Le Parc (Argentina), Édgar Negret (Colombia), John Castles (Colombia), Ronny Vayda (Colombia) and Alberto Uribe (Colombia). [5]

Julio Le Parc Argentine sculptor

Julio Le Parc is an Argentina-born artist who focuses on both modern op art and kinetic art. Le Parc attended the School of Fine Arts in Argentina. A founding member of Groupe de Recherche d’Art Visuel (GRAV) and award-winning artworks, he is a significant figure in Argentinean modern art.

Cacique Nutibara Sculpture

The first monumental sculpture that was made especially to decorate Nutibara was the Madremonte, by José Horacio Betancur in 1953. Since its delivery, Madremonte was exposed early in the House of Culture, and then the Nutibara hill, until March 27, 1986, when it was moved to the Botanical Garden of Medellín in exchange for sculpture Cacique Nutibara, also by Betancur.

Botanical Garden of Medellín Medellín

The Joaquin Antonio Uribe Botanical Garden of Medellín, more simply known as the Botanical Garden of Medellín, is a 14-hectare botanical garden in Medellín, Colombia. The botanical garden has 4,500 flowers and 139 recorded bird species. It has an important collection of orchids preserved in an architectural space called the "Orchideorama".

This sculpture, made in the year 1955, is patinated concrete, weighs four tons and is 3 m high by 2.9 m wide.

Before being located on the western side of the top of the hill, the Cacique Nutibara was exhibited at the Plaza that bears his name, then in the garden art of Laureles. In 1963 it was transferred first to Cerro Nutibara, where it remained until 1970, when it was taken to the Botanical Garden, where he remained until March 27, 1986, and then returned definitively to Nutibara hill.

Manuel Felguérez Mexican artist

Manuel Felguérez Barra is a prominent abstract artist of Mexico, part of the Generación de la Ruptura which broke with the muralist movement of Diego Rivera and others in the mid 20th century. Felguérez was born in Zacatecas in 1928, but political instability caused his family to lose their land there and move to Mexico City. In 1947, he had the chance to travel to Europe and impressed with the art there, decided to dedicate himself to the vocation. Unhappy with the education at the Academy of San Carlos in Mexico, he did most of his studies in France, where he specialized in abstract art, something that was not accepted in Mexico at the time. His exhibitions were initially limited to galleries and the production of "sculpted murals" using materials such as scrap metals, stones and sand. As attitudes in Mexico changed towards art, Felguérez found acceptance for his work and remains active at over eighty years of age.

Carlos Cruz-Diez Venezuelan artist based in Caracas and Paris

Carlos Cruz-Diez is a Venezuelan artist considered to be one of the greatest artistic innovators of the 20th and 21st centuries. He is believed to be one of the fathers and greatest figures of kinetic and op art, and has been called a 'master of color' and line, adept at creating fluid, participatory visual experiences. His work invites philosophical conversation on ontology and perception.

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The history of Colombia includes the settlements and society by indigenous peoples, most notably, the Muisca Confederation, Quimbaya Civilization, and Tairona Chiefdoms; the Spanish arrived in 1499 and initiated a period of conquest and colonization, most noteworthy being Spanish conquest of the Muisca; ultimately creating the Viceroyalty of New Granada, with its capital at Bogotá. Independence from Spain was won in 1819, but by 1830 the "Gran Colombia" Federation was dissolved. What is now Colombia and Panama emerged as the Republic of New Granada. The new nation experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858), and then the United States of Colombia (1863), before the Republic of Colombia was finally declared in 1886. Panama seceded in 1903. Since the 1960s, the country has suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict, which escalated in the 1990s, but then decreased from 2005 onward. The legacy of Colombia's history has resulted in one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse countries in the world giving rise to a rich cultural heritage; while varied geography, and the imposing landscape of the country has resulted in the development of very strong regional identities.

Paisa Region

A Paisa is someone from a region in the northwest of Colombia, including the part of the Andes in Colombia. The Paisa region is formed by the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda and Quindío. Some regions of Valle del Cauca Department (north) and Tolima Department (west) culturally identify as paisas. The main cities of the Paisa region are Medellín, Pereira, Manizales and Armenia.

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Gertrud Louise Goldschmidt, known as Gego, was a modern Venezuelan visual artist. Gego is perhaps best known for her geometric and kinetic sculptures made in the 1960s and 1970s, which she described as "drawings without paper".

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Colombian art has 3500 years of history and covers a wide range of media and styles ranging from Spanish Baroque devotional painting to Quimbaya gold craftwork to the "lyrical americanism" of painter Alejandro Obregón (1920–1992). Perhaps the most internationally acclaimed Colombian artist is painter and sculptor Fernando Botero (1932).

León de Greiff Colombian poet

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Spanish conquest of the Muisca Part of the Spanish conquest of Colombia

The Spanish conquest of the Muisca took place from 1537 to 1540. The Muisca were the inhabitants of the central Andean highlands of Colombia before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors. They were organised in a loose confederation of different rulers; the zipa of Bacatá, with his headquarters in Funza, the zaque of [[Boyacá Department | Boyacá]], with his headquarters in Hunza, the iraca of the sacred City of the Sun Sugamuxi, the Tundama of Tundama, and several independent caciques. The leaders of the Confederation at the time of conquest were zipa Tisquesusa, zaque Quemuenchatocha, iraca Sugamuxi and Tundama in the northernmost portion of their territories. The Muisca were organised in small communities of circular enclosures, with a central square where the bohío of the cacique was located. They were called "Salt People" because of their extraction of salt in various locations throughout their territories, mainly in Zipaquirá, Nemocón and Tausa. For the main part self-sufficient in their well-organised economy, the Muisca traded with the European conquistadors valuable products as gold, tumbaga and emeralds with their neighbouring indigenous groups. In the Tenza Valley, to the east of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense where the majority of the Muisca lived, they extracted emeralds in Chivor and Somondoco. The economy of the Muisca was rooted in their agriculture with main products maize, yuca, potatoes and various other cultivations elaborated on elevated fields. Agriculture had started around 3000 BCE on the Altiplano, following the preceramic Herrera Period and a long epoch of hunter-gatherers since the late Pleistocene. The earliest archaeological evidence of inhabitation in Colombia, and one of the oldest in South America, has been found in El Abra, dating to around 12,500 years BP.

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Eastern Hills, Bogotá

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References

  1. 1 2 Carlos Arturo Fernández (1 January 2007). Arte en Colombia, 1981-2006. Universidad de Antioquia. p. 39. ISBN   978-958-714-017-0.
  2. ↑ Jens Porup (15 September 2010). Lonel Colombia. Lonely Planet. p. 208. ISBN   978-1-74220-326-3.
  3. ↑ Dominique Auzias; Jean-Paul Labourdette (2009). Colombie. Petit Futé. p. 261. ISBN   978-2-7469-2536-6.
  4. ↑ Rough Guides (31 October 2013). The Rough Guide to South America On a Budget. Rough Guides. p. 745. ISBN   978-1-4093-3448-4.
  5. ↑ Horacio Arango Duque, Jaime. "Un Cerro de Esculturas". El Colombiano. Retrieved 29 November 2013.

Coordinates: 6°14′11″N75°34′51″W / 6.2365°N 75.5808°W / 6.2365; -75.5808

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