Olívia Guedes Penteado (12 March 1872 – 9 June 1934) was a Brazilian art patron and philanthropist who established the Salón de Arte Moderna in São Paulo. She was a motivating force for the country's modernism movement. Penteado was a friend of key artists of this movement, such as Anita Malfatti, Tarsila do Amaral, and Heitor Villa-Lobos. Her niece, Yolanda Penteado, was also an art patron. [1]
Born in Campinas in 1872, she was the daughter of the Baron of Piratininga, José Guedes de Souza, a powerful coffee rancher in the Mogi Mirim, and Carolina Leopoldina de Almeida e Souza. Her family descended from Fernão Dias Pais, Amador Bueno, Tibiriçá, and João Ramalho. Penteado spent her childhood on her father's property, Fazenda da Barra, in Mogi Mirim. She studied at home with private tutors and for a time at Colegio Bojanas. The family later moved to São Paulo, when her father became Baron Piratininga. [1]
While living in Paris, Penteado met modernist friends, returning to Brazil with copies of the work of Pablo Picasso and Marie Laurencin, among others. Penteado established the Salón de Arte Moderna in 1923, when she returned to live in Brazil. [2]
At the age of 16, Penteado married her first cousin, Inacio Leite Penteado. She fought for women's suffrage, and actively participated in the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932. She died of appendicitis in São Paulo in 1934, and was buried in the Consolação Cemetery, São Paulo, her tomb ornamented with a sculpture titled "Sepulture", sculpted by Victor Brecheret. A railway station stop [3] and a street [4] are both named in her honor.
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Tarsila de Aguiar do Amaral was a Brazilian painter, draftswoman, and translator. She is considered one of the leading Latin American modernist artists, and is regarded as the painter who best achieved Brazilian aspirations for nationalistic expression in a modern style. As a member of the Grupo dos Cinco, Tarsila is also considered a major influence in the modern art movement in Brazil, alongside Anita Malfatti, Menotti Del Picchia, Mário de Andrade, and Oswald de Andrade. She was instrumental in the formation of the aesthetic movement, Antropofagia (1928–1929); in fact, Tarsila was the one with her celebrated painting, Abaporu, who inspired Oswald de Andrade's famous Manifesto Antropófago.
Emiliano Augusto Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Melo, known as Di Cavalcanti, was a Brazilian painter who sought to produce a form of Brazilian art free of any noticeable European influences. His wife was the painter Noêmia Mourão, who would be an inspiration in his works in the later 1930s.
Alfredo Volpi, was a prominent painter of the artistic and cultural Brazilian modernist movement. He was born in Lucca, Italy but, less than two years later, he was brought by his parents to São Paulo, Brazil, became a Brazilian citizen, and lived for the majority of his life. He was one of the most important artists of the so-called Grupo Santa Helena, formed in the 1930s with Francisco Rebolo, Clóvis Graciano, Mario Zanini, Fulvio Pennacchi, and others.
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Yolanda de Ataliba Nogueira Penteado (1903-1983) was a Brazilian patron of the arts and member of an affluent coffee ranching family with artistic connections. Her aunt was Olívia Guedes Penteado and she was married to Ciccillo Matarazzo.
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