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Outsourcing is an agreement in which one company hires another company to be responsible for a planned or existing activity which otherwise is or could be carried out internally, i.e. in-house, and sometimes involves transferring employees and assets from one firm to another. The term outsourcing, which came from the phrase outside resourcing, originated no later than 1981. The concept, which The Economist says has "made its presence felt since the time of the Second World War", often involves the contracting of a business process, operational, and/or non-core functions, such as manufacturing, facility management, call center/call center support.
Offshoring is the relocation of a business process from one country to another—typically an operational process, such as manufacturing, or supporting processes, such as accounting. Usually this refers to a company business, although state governments may also employ offshoring. More recently, technical and administrative services have been offshored.
Business process outsourcing (BPO) is a subset of outsourcing that involves the contracting of the operations and responsibilities of a specific business process to a third-party service provider. Originally, this was associated with manufacturing firms, such as Coca-Cola that outsourced large segments of its supply chain.
Strategic sourcing is the process of developing channels of supply at the lowest total cost, not just the lowest purchase price. It expands upon traditional organisational purchasing activities to embrace all activities within the procurement cycle, from specification to receipt, payment for goods and services to sourcing production lines where the labor market would increase firms' ROI. Strategic sourcing processes aim for continuous improvement and re-evaluation of the purchasing activities of an organisation.
Pentalog is a privately owned business founded in 1993 by Frederic Lasnier in Orléans, France and now headquartered at Château des Hauts in La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin. The company expanded over the years to offices and delivery centers in Paris, North America, Romania, Republic of Moldova (Chisinau), Mexico (Guadalajara), Germany (Frankfurt), Vietnam (Hanoi), Switzerland (Geneva) and Singapore.
One of the most dynamic and fastest growing sectors in the Philippines is the information technology–business process outsourcing (IT-BPO) industry. The industry is composed of eight sub-sectors, namely, knowledge process outsourcing and back offices, animation, call centers, software development, game development, engineering design, and medical transcription. The IT-BPO industry plays a major role in the country's growth and development.
Business process outsourcing to India refers to the business process outsourcing services in the outsourcing industry in India, catering mainly to Western operations of multinational corporations (MNCs).
Legal outsourcing, also known as legal process outsourcing (LPO), refers to the practice of a law firm or corporation obtaining legal support services from an outside law firm or legal support services company. When the LPO provider is based in another country, the practice is called offshoring and involves the practice of outsourcing any activity except those where personal presence or contact is required, e.g. appearances in court and face-to-face negotiations. When the LPO provider is based in the same country, the practice of outsourcing includes agency work and other services requiring a physical presence, such as court appearances. This process is one of the incidents of the larger movement towards outsourcing. The most commonly offered services have been agency work, document review, legal research and writing, drafting of pleadings and briefs, and patent services.
On-demand outsourcing is a trend in outsourcing wherein major internal operations processes of a company are being shifted to a provider that is paid for by the number of transactions involved. The business transferring the services pays for the quality, special skills and the competence of the service provider's employees. There has been an expansion of the outsourcing concept to include on-demand outsourcing. This refers to the process undertaken by business managers to adopt an outsourcing policy that ensures that the specific business and supplies including technical manpower are accessed as the need arises. It focuses a business strategy to improve its goods and services and to drive a business towards quality improvement.
Softtek is a Mexico-based information technology company, operating in North America, Latin America, Europe and Asia. Headquartered in Monterrey, Mexico, the company has 15,000 associates in Mexico and abroad and is the largest private IT vendor in Latin America. The company offers application software development, testing, security and support; business process outsourcing (BPO); and IT infrastructure management, security and support to more than 400 corporations in more than 20 countries. It also acts as a value added reseller (VAR) for SAP, Microsoft, Blue Yonder, AWS and other software products. The company has trademarked the term "nearshoring" to describe the provision of outsourced services to customers in other countries that are in proximity.
Manufacturing in Mexico grew rapidly in the late 1960s with the end of the US farm labor agreement known as the bracero program. This sent many unskilled farm laborers back into the Northern border region with no source of income. As a result, the US and Mexican governments agreed to The Border Industrialization Program, which permitted US companies to assemble product in Mexico using raw materials and components from the US with reduced duties. The Border Industrialization Program became known popularly as The Maquiladora Program or shortened to The Maquila Program.
Body shopping is the practice of consultancy firms recruiting workers in order to contract their services out on a tactical short- to mid-term basis. IT services companies that practice body shopping assert that they provide real services rather than the "sham" of merely farming out professionals to overseas companies.
Software Testing Outsourcing is software testing carried out by an independent company or a group of people not directly involved in the process of software development.
Outsource Partners International (OPI) was acquired by EXL in June 2011. The acquisition marked the end of F&A outsourcing of OPI. OPI was a multinational company with headquarters in New York, NY and Los Angeles, CA. It operates from more than a dozen global locations throughout the US, UK, India, Bulgaria, and Malaysia. OPI was formed in 2002 through the acquisition of big four accounting firm's Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) division and itAccounts, a finance and accounting BPO company with an offshore F&A outsourcing facility in Bangalore, India. It offers finance, accounting and tax outsourcing services.
Sourcing advisory is the use of third-party advice during the sourcing process. As such, it may refer to advice sought during outsourcing, offshoring or global sourcing.
Novadios is a privately held legal services outsourcing company headquartered in Los Angeles, California with its labor operations facility located in Córdoba, Argentina. Novadios provides legal process outsourcing services to in-house counsel and law firms located in the U.S. and the U.K. through the utilization of Argentine legal professionals in conjunction with U.S. legal supervision. Novadios is recognized as a Western Hemisphere nearshore alternative to the Eastern Hemisphere Asian outsourcing labor model.
Microwork is a series of many small tasks which together comprise a large unified project, and it is completed by many people over the Internet. Microwork is considered the smallest unit of work in a virtual assembly line. It is most often used to describe tasks for which no efficient algorithm has been devised, and require human intelligence to complete reliably. The term was developed in 2008 by Leila Chirayath Janah of Samasource.
Backsourcing is the process of bringing previously outsourced jobs back under the roof of the company to be performed internally.
Robotic process automation (RPA) is a form of business process automation technology based on metaphorical software robots (bots) or on artificial intelligence (AI)/digital workers. It is sometimes referred to as software robotics.
The business process outsourcing industry in China including IT and other outsourcing services for onshore and export markets surpassed 1 trillion yuan in 2016 according to the Ministry of Commerce (MOC).
References
- ↑ Gibson, Pattie (2004-04-14). Administrative Office Management, Complete Course. Cengage Learning. ISBN 9781133168225.
- 1 2 3 Advances in Education and Management: International Symposium, ISAEBD 2011, Dalian, China, August 6-7, 2011, Proceedings, Part IV. Communications in Computer and Information Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg. 2011. pp. 58–63. ISBN 978-3-642-23062-2.
- ↑ Kalindi Vora (2015). Life Support: Biocapital and the New History of Outsourced Labor. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 9781452943534.
- ↑ Erik Beulen; Pieter M.A. Ribbers, eds. (2020). The Routledge Companion to Managing Digital Outsourcing. Taylor & Francis. p. 157. ISBN 9781351037778.
- ↑ Vitasek, Kate (1 June 2010). "A New way to Outsource". Forbes.
- ↑ "Deloitte's 2016 Global Outsourcing Survey" (PDF). Deloitte. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
- ↑ Erik Beulen; Pieter M.A. Ribbers, eds. (2020). The Routledge Companion to Managing Digital Outsourcing. Taylor & Francis. p. 106. ISBN 9781351037778.
- ↑ Erik Beulen; Pieter M.A. Ribbers, eds. (2020). The Routledge Companion to Managing Digital Outsourcing. Taylor & Francis. p. 31. ISBN 9781351037778.