Operation MH-1

Last updated
Operation MH-1
Part of the 2001 insurgency in Macedonia
Date28–29 March 2001
Location
Macedonia (Skopska Crna Gora and Kumanovo region near border with Kosovo)
Result Macedonian victory [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [ excessive citations ]
Territorial
changes
Macedonian forces regain control of Gračani [6] [3]
Belligerents
Flag of North Macedonia.svg  Macedonia Uck Nla logo.svg National Liberation Army
Commanders and leaders
Coat of arms of the President of Macedonia.svg Boris Trajkovski
Flag of North Macedonia.svg Ljubčo Georgievski
MacedonianArmyLogo.svg Pande Petrovski
Macedonian Police insignia.png Ljube Boškoski
Macedonian Police insignia.png Risto Galevski
Polk za spetsijalni opratsii.svg Robert Petkovski
Uck Nla logo.svg Xhezair Shaqiri
Uck Nla logo.svg Nazmi Sulejmani
Uck Nla logo.svg Commander Sokoli
Uck Nla logo.svg Beqir Sadiku
Uck Nla logo.svg Hysni Shaqiri
Units involved
Uck Nla logo.svg 115th Brigade
Uck Nla logo.svg 113th Brigade
Strength
MacedonianArmyLogo.svg 300 soldiers [7]
Macedonian Police insignia.png Unknown
MacedonianArmyLogo.svg 10 T-55 Tanks [8]
MacedonianArmyLogo.svg Multiple APC's [9]
MacedonianArmyLogo.svg 2 Mi-24 gunships [5]
Uck Nla logo.svg 100 militants [10]
Casualties and losses
MacedonianArmyLogo.svg 1 killed [6]
MacedonianArmyLogo.svg 2 wounded [6]
Uck Nla logo.svg Unknown
2 civilians in Kosovo killed and 10 wounded [5]

Operation MH-1 was a Macedonian military operation with the goal to clear out the NLA rebels from the Skopska Crna Gora region all along the Macedonian border. [4] [11] The offensive started on March 28, 2001, and ended the next day.

Contents

Prelude

Two days before the start of Operation MH-1 the Macedonian security forces started Operation MH in the Tetovo region which cleared out the NLA from the city and the surrounding villages. [4] [12] [13]

Battle

The Macedonian security forces started a two pronged attack near the Kosovo border using tanks, APC's and helicopter gunships and occupied most roads and villages along the Kosovo border installing police checkpoints. [14]

During the operation, Macedonian infantry units were reluctant to engage in an open battle with the rebels. [10]

Although the Macedonian Army officially claimed victory, the NLA stated that they were only regrouping around Gračani for an upcoming counter-offensive. [15] [16]

Aftermath

On 31 March, 30 suspected rebels in Kosovo tried to cross the border into Macedonia, however they were detained by NATO forces. [17]

After the end of operation MH-1 and the securing of the border with Kosovo, the Macedonian armed forces launched Operation MH-2 to clear out the rebels in Kumanovo.

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Operation MH</span> Macedonian military operation

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The Tanuševci operation was a joint Macedonian-KFOR operation to regain control of the village of Tanuševci which was previously infiltrated by NLA rebels. The operation was successful with NATO-led KFOR forces capturing the village and Macedonian Army units sweeping the area and ambushing the retreating NLA.

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The Lipkovo crisis was a crisis involving Macedonian security forces and Albanian insurgents from the National Liberation Army (NLA). During the crisis, the NLA captured the Lipkovo dam, which caused a 12-day-long water crisis for the neighboring town of Kumanova. On 18 June 2001, the NLA agreed to let the International Red Cross and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) restart the water supply systems. Macedonian military operations were halted to allow inspectors to access and repair the pumps.

The Battle of Nikuštak was a military engagement in 2001 between the National Liberation Army (NLA) and the Macedonian Army in the village of Nikuštak, Macedonia. Macedonian forces launched a large-scale offensive in Nikuštak on 27 June 2001.

Combatants

The Battle of Orizare was a military engagement between the Macedonian security forces and Albanian insurgents belonging to the National Liberation Army (NLA).

The Battle of Lojane was an apparent military engagement between the Macedonian security forces and Albanian insurgents belonging to the NLA. The occurrence of a battle in the village remains uncertain, as per Stevo Pendarovski, the former interior ministry spokesman. According to him, Macedonian forces faced no opposition from the NLA, as the village had been deserted by both the NLA and Albanian civilians before the Macedonian Army and police forces entered.

References

  1. Smith, Jeffery. "Shelling Hits Kosovo Village". The Washington Post . Retrieved 22 January 2023. The attack, which also wounded 16 residents, occurred as Macedonian government forces across the border pressed an offensive against Albanian guerrillas, many of whom have fled north across remote mountain passes into Kosovo. According to residents, about 20 of the rebels had passed near the village the previous night.
  2. "Macedonia Rebels: It's Not Over Yet". CBS news. 25 March 2001. Retrieved 22 January 2023. The fighting was continuing and retreating rebels were firing on Macedonian security forces, government officials added. But the rebels no longer held any villages and had inflicted no casualties on Macedonian forces, they said. Commander Sokoli, one of several regional rebel leaders, said senior commanders of the movement decided at a late afternoon meeting that they would strike back to reverse government progress made during a series of offensives that included the use of artillery, tanks and helicopter gunships. In contrast to government claims of victory, the rebels suggest they have merely pulled back and regrouped in the rugged and largely inaccessible hills near Tetovo.
  3. 1 2 Gall, Carlotta. "Macedonian Forces Chase Rebels Into Kosovo / Attacks kill 2 civilians, TV producer". SFGATE. New York Times. Retrieved 21 May 2022. The Macedonian government has been congratulating itself on a successful operation since Sunday against Albanian rebels, which it has managed with minimum casualties.
  4. 1 2 3 "Macedonia: Army Launches Offensive Near Kosovo Border". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 9 April 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 "Civilians Killed as Shell Hits Village Across Macedonia-Kosovo Border". WSJ.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Macedonia Hits Rebels Near Kosovo Border". Los Angeles Times. 29 March 2001. Retrieved 21 May 2022.
  7. Krushelnycky, Askold (2008-04-09). "Macedonia: Army Launches Fresh Attack On Rebels". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  8. Krushelnycky, Askold (2008-04-09). "Macedonia: Army Launches Fresh Attack On Rebels". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  9. Krushelnycky, Askold (2008-04-09). "Macedonia: Army Launches Fresh Attack On Rebels". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  10. 1 2 Phillips, John (2004). Macedonia: Warlords and Rebels in the Balkans. London: I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN   1-86064-841-X . Retrieved 2014-09-29. Staunch resistance by 100 NLA fighters cornered in the Gracani area after the Tetovo fighting continued to embarrass the ARM, whose infantry units seemed extremely reluctant to engage in an open battle.
  11. "New attack on Macedonia rebels". CNN. Archived from the original on 2001-05-08. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  12. Finn, Peter. "Albanian Guerrillas Retreat After Macedonian Offensive". The Washington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  13. Boudreaux, Richard (26 March 2001). "Rebels Lose Strongholds in Army Assault". Los Angeles Times.
  14. "Warning of fresh Macedonia attacks". CNN. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
  15. "Macedonia Rebels: It's Not Over Yet". www.cbsnews.com. 25 March 2001. Retrieved 2023-01-28.
  16. Archives, L. A. Times (2001-03-29). "Macedonia Hits Rebels Near Kosovo Border". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-01-28.
  17. "CNN.com - New Macedonia border clashes - March 31, 2001". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2024-07-09.