History
It was established as a "visible sign of decoration for merits done, in peace or in war, for Croatian people and Independent State of Croatia" It was established by Croatian leader Ante Pavelić on May 15, 1941. The bearers of the grand order and bearers of the first class order were given the title of knight (vitez).
The back of the award contained the years 1076 - King Zvonimir's crowning, and 1941 - the establishment of the NDH. The front said Bog i Hrvati.
It was possible to award the medal to foreigners as long as the award criteria were met. Numerous German officers of Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS were awarded this order.
The Independent State of Croatia was a World War II–era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. It was established in parts of occupied Yugoslavia on 10 April 1941, after the invasion by the Axis powers. Its territory consisted mostly of modern-day Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as some parts of modern-day Serbia and Slovenia, but also excluded many Croat-populated areas in Dalmatia, Istria, and Međimurje regions.
Prince Aimone, 4th Duke of Aosta, was a prince of Italy's reigning House of Savoy and an officer of the Royal Italian Navy. The second son of Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta, he was granted the title Duke of Spoleto on 22 September 1904. He inherited the title Duke of Aosta on 3 March 1942 following the death of his brother Prince Amedeo in a British prisoner of war camp in Nairobi.
Slavko Štancer was a Croatian army general who served as commander-in-chief and inspector-general of the land component of the Domobranstvo in 1941, the army of the Independent State of Croatia during the Second World War. His surname is also sometimes written "Stanzer" or "Stancer".
Vladimir Maček was a politician in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. As a leader of the Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) following the 1928 assassination of Stjepan Radić, Maček had been a leading Croatian political figure until the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in 1941. As a leader of the HSS, Maček played a key role in establishment of the Banovina of Croatia, an autonomous banovina in Yugoslavia in 1939.
Demetrius Zvonimir was a King of Croatia and Dalmatia from 1075 or 1076 until his death in 1089. Zvonimir also served as Ban of Croatia (1064/1070–1074), and was named Duke of Croatia in around 1075. His native name was Zvonimir, but adopted the forename Demetrius at his coronation.
Poglavnik is a Serbo-Croatian word meaning "leader" or "guide".
Stephen I was King of Croatia from c. 1030 until his death in 1058 or 1060 and a member of the Krešimirović branch of the so-called Trpimirović dynasty. Stephen I was the first Croatian king whose given name was simply "Stephen" ("Stjepan"), as Držislav added the name Stephen at his coronation. His ban was Stephen Praska.
The system of honours of the Republic of Croatia was established after the independence of Croatia in 1991. There are nineteen main decorations conferred since 2019, in addition to several other medals and awards.
Vladimir Laxa was a Croatian general who served in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I and in the Croatian Home Guard during World War II. During World War II, he was Army Chief of Staff of the Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia, from June 1941 until August 1942, when he resigned his commission purportedly in protest of the atrocities committed by the Ustaše Militia.
The Crown of Zvonimir was bestowed on King Demetrius Zvonimir of Croatia in 1075 by the papal legate of Pope Gregory VII at Basilica of Saint Peter and Moses at Salona.
The Grand Order of King Dmitar Zvonimir or more fully the Grand Order of King Dmitar Zvonimir with sash and Morning Star, is an order of the Republic of Croatia. It ranks fourth in the Croatian order of precedence, after the Grand Order of King Petar Krešimir IV. The order is among only four orders that hold the title of grand order, and has one class like all Croatian orders and decorations.
The Grand Order of King Petar Krešimir IV, or more fully the Grand Order of King Petar Krešimir IV with sash and Morning Star, is an order of the Republic of Croatia. It ranks third in the Croatian order of precedence after the Grand Order of Queen Jelena. The next order in rank is the Grand Order of King Dmitar Zvonimir. The order had been established on June 20, 1992 and reconstituted on April 1, 1995.
During World War II the Independent State of Croatia awarded a number of orders, decorations and medals.
Hollow Church is the archaeological excavation of what used to be a Romanesque Roman Catholic church in the 11th-century Salona, Croatia.
The Medal of the Crown of King Zvonimir was a decoration for military and civil achievements that benefit the Croatian people and the Independent State of Croatia. Croatian sculptor Ivo Kerdić created the medal, which has three grades: silver, bronze, and iron. It is named after King Demetrius Zvonimir of Croatia, who ruled during the 11th century and was known for being loyal to the Pope. The medal has two issues: Civil and Military. The Civil Issue has a white ribbon with red edges, while the Military Issue has a red ribbon with white edges. Decorations with oak leaves on the obverse signify acts of gallantry in action. The medal was awarded until May 1945, and was given to several Germans as well as Croatian nationals fighting on the Eastern Front and in the Balkans campaign.
Edgar Angeli was a Croatian rear admiral who served as the commander of the Navy of the Independent State of Croatia between 1943 and 1944.
Vladimir Šterk was a well-known Croatian architect.
The Ustaše Militia was the military branch of the Ustaše, established by the fascist and genocidal regime of Ante Pavelić in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), an Axis puppet state established from a large part of occupied Yugoslavia during World War II.
The Einsatzstaffel der Deutschen Mannschaft (EDM) was a military unit of the Axis puppet state the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), whose members were ethnic Germans (Volksdeutsche) who lived in Slavonia and Syrmia. The EDM was part of the Ustaše Militia.
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