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Fatah,formerly the Palestinian National Liberation Movement,is a Palestinian nationalist and social democratic political party. It is the largest faction of the confederated multi-party Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and the second-largest party in the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC). Mahmoud Abbas,the President of the Palestinian Authority,is the chairman of Fatah.
Palestinian Christians are Christian citizens of the State of Palestine. In the wider definition of Palestinian Christians,including the Palestinian refugees,diaspora and people with full or partial Palestinian Christian ancestry this can be applied to an estimated 500,000 people worldwide as of the year 2000. Palestinian Christians belong to one of a number of Christian denominations,including Eastern Orthodoxy,Oriental Orthodoxy,Catholicism,Anglicanism,Lutheranism,other branches of Protestantism and others. Bernard Sabella of Bethlehem University estimates that 6% of the Palestinian population worldwide is Christian and that 56% of them live outside of the region of Palestine. In both the local dialect of Palestinian Arabic and in Classical Arabic or Modern Standard Arabic,Christians are called Nasrani or Masihi. Hebrew-speakers call them Notzri,which means Nazarene.
The Palestinian National Authority,commonly known as the Palestinian Authority and officially the State of Palestine,is the Fatah-controlled government body that exercises partial civil control over West Bank areas "A" and "B" as a consequence of the 1993–1995 Oslo Accords. The Palestinian Authority controlled the Gaza Strip prior to the Palestinian elections of 2006 and the subsequent Gaza conflict between the Fatah and Hamas parties,when it lost control to Hamas;the PA continues to claim the Gaza Strip,although Hamas exercises de facto control. Since January 2013,the Palestinian Authority has used the name "State of Palestine" on official documents,although the United Nations continues to recognize the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) as the "representative of the Palestinian people".
Palestine,officially the State of Palestine,is a state located in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Officially governed by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO),it claims the West Bank and the Gaza Strip as its territory,though the entirety of that territory has been under Israeli occupation since the 1967 Six-Day War. The West Bank is currently divided into 165 Palestinian enclaves that are under partial Palestinian rule,but the remainder,including 200 Israeli settlements,is under full Israeli control. The Gaza Strip is ruled by the militant group Hamas and has been blockaded by Israel and Egypt since 2007.
The Palestinian government is the government of the Palestinian Authority or State of Palestine. The Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (EC) is the highest executive body of the Palestine Liberation Organization and acts as the government. Since June 2007,there have been two separate administrations in Palestine,one in the West Bank and the other in the Gaza Strip. The government on the West Bank was generally recognised as the Palestinian Authority Government. On the other hand,the government in the Gaza Strip claimed to be the legitimate government of the Palestinian Authority. Until June 2014,when the Palestinian Unity Government was formed,the government in the West Bank was the Fatah-dominated Palestinian government of 2013. In the Gaza Strip the government was the Hamas government of 2012. Following two Fatah–Hamas Agreements in 2014,on 25 September 2014 Hamas agreed to let the PA Government resume control over the Gaza Strip and its border crossings with Egypt and Israel,but that agreement had broken down by June 2015,after President Abbas said the PA government was unable to operate in the Gaza Strip.
The Palestinian National Security Forces are the paramilitary security forces of the Palestinian National Authority. The name may either refer to all National Security Forces,including some special services but not including the Interior Security Forces,the Presidential Guard and General Intelligence,or refer to the main force within the National Security Forces. Since the signing of the Oslo Accords,these forces operate in areas controlled by the PNA. In 2003,the organizations were merged into the Palestinian Security Services.
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In the Gaza Strip and West Bank,the local LGBT community faces a precarious situation due to the general lack of civil rights legislation aimed at tackling discrimination. However,there is also a significant legal divide between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip,with the former having more progressive laws and the latter having more conservative laws. Shortly after the Jordanian annexation of the West Bank in 1950,same-sex acts were decriminalized across the territory with the adoption of the Jordanian Penal Code of 1951. In the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip,however,no such initiative was implemented. Since 2007,the Gaza Strip has been ruled by Hamas,and sexual activity between men is illegal due to Hamas' enforcement of Islamic law. Currently,the Hamas government punishes all men who are convicted of having engaged in homosexual acts with up to 10 years in prison.
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The Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) is the unicameral legislature of the Palestinian Authority,elected by the Palestinian residents of the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. It currently comprises 132 members,elected from 16 electoral districts of the Palestinian Authority. The PLC has a quorum requirement of two-thirds,and since 2006 Hamas and Hamas-affiliated members have held 74 of the 132 seats in the PLC. The PLC's activities were suspended in 2007 and remained so as of January 2021,while PLC committees continue working at a low rate and parliamentary panel discussions are still occurring.
The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine is a secular Palestinian Marxist–Leninist organization. It is also frequently referred to as the Democratic Front,or al-Jabha al-Dīmūqrāṭiyya. It is a member organization of the Palestine Liberation Organization,the Alliance of Palestinian Forces and the Democratic Alliance List.
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The Hamas government of October 2016 is a faction of the Palestinian government based in Gaza and is effectively the third Hamas dominated government in the Gaza Strip since the takeover of Gaza by Hamas. On October 17,2016 Supreme Administrative Committee,which is in the process of building progressive ministries in Gaza,reshuffles active ministries and repositions of 16 ministers and director generals in government institutions. The government in Gaza is composed of ministers,governors-general and other high-level officials linked directly to the Ramallah administration. Initially,it was speculated that the formation of the Hamas government in 2016 was an attempt by Ismail Haniya to return to full Hamas control of Gaza. As part of government reform,it was decided to expand the Ministry of Planning. The United States,Canada,the European Union,Japan and Israel classify Hamas as a state institution in Gaza associated with the PLO government and recognize the PLO government as the legitimate government of Gaza territory. The Hamas government is recognized by the Palestine State Administration in Ramallah.
Events of 2019 in the State of Palestine.
Amal Tawfiq Abdel Hadi Nashwan Hamad is a Palestinian politician and feminist,and a leader in the Fatah movement. She is the Palestinian Minister of Women's Affairs in the Shtayyeh Government.
References
- ↑ "Osama Al-Saadawi". An-Najah News. 25 April 2019. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
- ↑ "Osama Al-Saadawi". Sawa News Agency. 13 April 2019. Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ↑ "مجلس الإسكان يستضيف ممول برنامج دعم التخطيط التشاركي". Dunya Al Watan (in Arabic). Ramallah. 7 May 2018. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ↑ Melhem, Ibrahim (13 April 2019). "حكومة الدكتور محمد اشتية تؤدي اليمين القانونية أمام الرئيس". State of Palestine Palestine Liberation Organization Official Site (in Arabic). Ramallah: State of Palestine Palestine Liberation Organization Official Site. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2023.