Ouvrage Oberheid

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Ouvrage Oberheid
Part of Maginot Line
Northeast France
Po-oberheide-2004-05-21.jpg
Machine gun turret, ouvrage Oberheid
France location map-Regions and departements-2016.svg
Red pog.svg
Ouvrage Oberheid
Coordinates 49°26′04″N6°15′09″E / 49.43436°N 6.25261°E / 49.43436; 6.25261
Site information
Controlled byFrance
Open to
the public
No
ConditionAbandoned
Site history
Built byCORF
MaterialsConcrete, steel, deep excavation
Battles/wars Battle of France, Lorraine Campaign
Ouvrage Oberheid
Type of work:Small infantry work (Petit ouvrage - infantry)
sector
└─sub-sector
Fortified Sector of Thionville
└─Hettange-Grande
Work number:A14
Regiment:168th Fortress Infantry Regiment
Number of blocks:1
Strength:2 officers, 27 men

Ouvrage Oberheid, also called Ouvrage Oberheide, forms a portion of the Fortified Sector of Thionville of the Maginot Line in northeast France. The petit ouvrage d'infanterie is located on a salient point of the Cattenom Forest between the gros ouvrages Kobenbusch (to the north) and Galgenberg (to the south), which provided covering fire during June 1940, when Oberheid faced daily bombardments and infiltrations. Oberheid has been abandoned and after extensive vandalism has been sealed.

Contents

Design and construction

Oberheid was surveyed by CORF (Commission d'Organisation des Régions Fortifiées), the Maginot Line's design and construction agency, in 1930. [1] and the position became operational in 1935, [2] at a cost of 8 million francs. [3] It was built by the contractor Verdun-Fortifications. [4]

Description

The single combat block has two firing chambers and a central barracks surmounted by a machine gun turret. Each firing chamber has a mixed armament of a machine gun and a 37mm anti-tank gun at one embrasure and a machine gun at the other. The ouvrage [nb 1] is surmounted by a machine gun turret and four automatic rifle cloches (GFMs), which provided artillery spotting for the ouvrage Métrich. The small usine is equipped with two 36 horsepower (27 kW) Baudouin engines. [7]

Manning

The ouvrage possessed a garrison of 78 men of the 168th Fortress Infantry Regiment, under the orders of Lieutenant Pobeau and his assistant, Lieutenant Sépulchre. [1]

History

See Fortified Sector of Thionville for a broader discussion of the events of 1940 in the Thionville sector of the Maginot Line.

Oberheid did not see significant action in the Battle of France in 1940, nor in the Lorraine Campaign of 1944. In 1940 German infiltrators occupied the surface of Oberheid, requiring suppressing fire to be directed from neighboring Kobenbusch. [8] The Germans largely bypassed the area, advancing along the valley of the Meuse and Saar rivers, threatening the rear of the Thionville sector. [9] The garrison therefore remained in place. Following negotiations, the positions on the left bank of the Moselle finally surrendered to the Germans on 30 June 1940. [10]

Current condition

The French Army continues to control Oberheid. After extensive vandalism, the entrances have been buried to prevent access. [7]

See also

Notes

  1. English-language sources use the French term ouvrage as the preferred term for the Maginot positions, in preference to "fort", a term usually reserved for older fortifications with passive defensives in the form of walls and ditches. [5] The literal translation of ouvrage in the sense of a fortification in English is "work." A gros ouvrage is a large fortification with a significant artillery component, while a petit ouvrage is smaller, with lighter arms. [6]

Related Research Articles

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Ouvrage Bovenberg is a lesser work of the Maginot Line. Located in the Fortified Sector of Boulay, the ouvrage is located between petits ouvrages Berenbach and Denting, facing Germany. It consists of two infantry blocks and two artillery blocks.

Ouvrage Village Coume is a lesser work of the Maginot Line. Located in the Fortified Sector of Boulay, the ouvrage consists of three infantry blocks, and is located between petits ouvrages Bovenberg and Coume Annexe Nord, facing Germany. The position saw little action in World War II. It was sold in the 1970s and stripped by salvagers.

Ouvrage Coume is a lesser work of the Maginot Line. Located in the Fortified Sector of Boulay, the ouvrage consists of two infantry blocks, and was located between petits ouvrages Coume Annexe Nord and Coume Annexe Sud, facing Germany.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ouvrage Galgenberg</span> Ouvrage of the Maginot Line

Ouvrage Galgenberg forms a portion of the Fortified Sector of Thionville of the Maginot Line. It is situated in the Cattenom Forest, near the gros ouvrage Kobenbusch and petit ouvrage Oberheid. The ouvrage was tasked with controlling the Moselle Valley and as such was called the "Guardian of the Moselle." Galgenberg did not see significant action in 1940 or 1944. After a period of reserve duty in the 1950s and 1960s, it was deactivated. It is now a museum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ouvrage La Salmagne</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ouvrage Les Aittes</span>

Ouvrage Les Aittes is a lesser work of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of one entry block, three infantry blocks and one observation block, about two kilometers east of Cervières, Hautes-Alpes at an altitude of 2,029 metres (6,657 ft)..

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ouvrage Col de Crous</span>

Ouvrage Col de Crous is a lesser work of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of one infantry block at an altitude of 1,963 metres (6,440 ft). Additional blocks were planned but not built.

Ouvrage Valdeblore is a lesser work of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of one entry block, one infantry artillery block and one observation block at an altitude of 842 metres (2,762 ft). Valdeblore was built starting in November 1930 by Poiljeux contractors, and was completed by Thorrand et Cie in April 1933 at a cost of 1.6 million francs.

Ouvrage La Séréna is a lesser work of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of one entry block at an altitude of 1,292 metres (4,239 ft). Two more blocks were planned but not completed before the invasion of France in 1940.

Ouvrage Col du Fort is a lesser work of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of one infantry block and one observation block at an elevation of 1,717 metres (5,633 ft). An additional block was planned but not built.

Ouvrage La Déa, also known as the Petit Ouvrage de la baisse de la Déa, is a lesser work of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of two entry blocks and one observation block facing Italy at an altitude of 1,777 metres (5,830 ft), armed with one observation cloche and one machine gun embrasure. The ouvrage was manned by 81 soldiers in 1940, and commanded by sous-lieutenant Guillemin. The position was sited to control the Maglia valley. A fourth block with three machine gun positions was not built.

Ouvrage Vélosnes is a gros ouvrage of the Maginot Line, located in the Fortified Sector of Montmédy between the towns of Othe and Vélosnes, facing Belgium. It possesses four combat blocks and one entrance block. It is located to the east of petit ouvrage Thonnelle. The position was sabotaged and abandoned by French forces that were ordered to retreat from the exposed position in June 1940 during the Battle of France. The ouvrage is abandoned and is administered as a nature preserve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ouvrage Thonnelle</span>

Ouvrage Thonnelle is a petit ouvrage of the Maginot Line, located in the Fortified Sector of Montmédy between the towns of Thonnelle and Verneuil-Petit, facing Belgium. It possesses four combat blocks. It is located between gros ouvrages Vélosnes and Chesnois. The position was sabotaged and abandoned by French forces that were ordered to retreat from the exposed position in June 1940 during the Battle of France. The ouvrage is abandoned.

References

  1. 1 2 Mary, Tome 3, p. 93
  2. Kaufmann 2006, p. 25
  3. Wahl, J.B. "Infanteriewerk (P.O.) Oberheid - A14" (in German). darkplaces.org. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  4. Mary, Tome 1, p. 52
  5. Kaufmann 2006, p. 20
  6. Kaufmann 2006, p. 13
  7. 1 2 Puelinckx, Jean; Aublet, Jean-Louis; Mainguin, Sylvie (2010). "Oberheid (petit ouvrage d')". Index de la Ligne Maginot (in French). fortiff.be. Retrieved 22 March 2010.
  8. Mary, Tome 5, p. 208
  9. Kaufmann 2006, pp. 168-169
  10. Mary, Tome 5, p. 230

Bibliography