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Medan is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of North Sumatra. A regional hub and financial centre of Sumatra. According to the National Development Planning Agency, Medan is one of the four main central cities of Indonesia, alongside Jakarta, Surabaya, and Makassar. As of the 2020 Census, Medan has a population of 2,435,252 within its city limits, and over 3.4 million in its built-up urban area, making it the fourth largest urban area in Indonesia. The Medan metropolitan area—which includes neighbouring Binjai, Deli Serdang Regency, and a part of Karo Regency—is the largest metropolitan area outside of Java, with 4,744,323 residents counted in the 2020 Census. Medan is a multicultural metropolis and a busy trading city bordered by the Strait of Malacca, making it as one of major economic cities in Indonesia. A gateway to the western part of Indonesia, Medan is supported by the Port of Belawan and Kualanamu International Airport, both of which are connected to the city centre via toll roads and railways.
The Sultanate of Serdang was an ancient Malay-Indonesian monarchy, Serdang was founded in 1723 and joined the Republic of Indonesia in 1946. The Sultanate separated from Sultanate of Deli after a dispute over the royal throne in 1720. Like other kingdoms on the east coast of Sumatra, Serdang prospered because of the opening of tobacco, rubber and oil palm plantations.
The Batin are a sub-group of Malay people that inhabits the interior parts of Jambi province
Sultanate of Deli was a 1,820 km² Malay state in east Sumatra founded in 1630. A tributary kingdom from 1630 it was controlled by various Sultanates until 1814, when it became an independent sultanate and broke away from the Sultanate of Siak.
Malay Indonesians ; Jawi: اورڠ ملايو ايندونيسيا) are ethnic Malays living throughout Indonesia. They are one of the indigenous peoples of the country. Indonesian, the national language of Indonesia, is a standardized form of Riau Malay. There were numerous Malay kingdoms in what is now Indonesia, mainly on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. These included Srivijaya, the Melayu Kingdom, Dharmasraya, the Sultanate of Deli, the Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura, the Riau-Lingga Sultanate, the Sultanate of Bulungan, Pontianak Sultanate, and the Sultanate of Sambas. The 2010 census states that there are 8 million Malays in Indonesia, this number comes from the classification of Malays in East Sumatra and the coast of Kalimantan which is recognized by the Indonesian government. This classification is different from the Malaya and Singapore census which includes all ethnic Muslims from the Indonesian archipelago as Malays.
The Sultanate of Langkat was a Malay Muslim state located in modern Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. It predates Islam in the region, but no historical records before the 17th century survive. It prospered with the opening of rubber plantations and the discovery of oil in Pangkalan Brandan.
The Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura, often called Sultanate of Siak, was a kingdom that was located in the Siak Regency, Riau from 1722 to 1949 CE. It was founded by Raja Kechil, who was from the Johor Kingdom, after he failed to seize the throne of the Sultanate of Johor. The polity expanded in the 18th century to encompass much of eastern Sumatra as it brought various communities under its control through warfare and control of trade between the interior of Sumatra and the Melaka Straits. The Dutch colonial state signed a series of treaties with Siak rulers in the 19th century, which reduced the area of state influence to the Siak River. For the remainder of the Dutch colonial era, it operated as an independent state with Dutch advisors. After Indonesia's Independence was proclaimed on 17 August 1945, the last sultan of Siak declared his kingdom to have joined the Republic of Indonesia.
Satrio Piningit or also called Ratu Adil is a Javanese apocalyptic main character of Jongko Joyobhoyo in Javanese myths by which considered as one who would become a Great Leader of Nusantara and ruling the world from Java. In other traditions around the world, Satrio Piningit has a similar other apocalyptic characters as Messiah, Maitreya (Buddhism), or related to Imam Mahdi prophecy in Islam.
The State of East Sumatra was established by the Netherlands after the reoccupation of North Sumatra in July, 1947, during the first of the Dutch "police actions" against the fledgling Republic of Indonesia. In 1949, as part of a peace deal that concluded the Indonesian National Revolution, it joined the United States of Indonesia, of which the Republic was also a component state. In August, 1950, it was absorbed into the Republic as part of the province of North Sumatra. The area covered by the former state included the present-day regencies of Langkat, Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai, Karo, Simalungan, Batubara and Asahan, together with the cities geographically within those regencies.
Istiadat Pewaris Penjurit-Kepetangan Melayu or formerly known as Ilmu Persilatan Penjurit-Kepetangan Melayu, shortform IPPM is one of the oldest original known to date Malay martial art form or called 'Silat' in existence which has been heritage from one generation to another. Descended from the first ruler of the Malayapura Kingdom, King Adityawarman whom is also known as Seri Maharaja Diraja which to a later stage sparked the start of Minangkabau history in Pagaruyung Kingdom, Sumatra, Indonesia. These story has been greatly narrated in most of old Malay Literature including in of the most reliable sources to date called Sulalatus al-Salatin or better known as The Malay Annals (Malay: Sejarah Melayu). The manuscript begin with the stories of Wan Malini and Wan Empuk whom was presented with 3 adopted princes right after when their rice fields was magically expelling gold. These 3 princes was later mark as the kickstart for the next 3 big empires in Malay Archipelago. Those empires were the Kingdom of Majapahit, The Malacca Sultanate and the Pagaruyung Kingdom around the 12th century.
Sultan Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah, also known as Ali Alauddin Mansur Syah was the thirty-third sultan of Aceh in northern Sumatra. He was the eight ruler of the Bugis Dynasty and ruled de facto from 1838, formally from 1857 to 1870.
Sultan Alauddin Muhammad Da'ud Syah II was the thirty-fifth and last sultan of Aceh in northern Sumatra. He reigned from 1875 to 1903. Despite long lasting resistance his rule ended up being conquered by the Dutch colonial state.
Sultan Ma'mun Al Rashid Perkasa Alam Shah was the 9th king of the Sultanate of Deli. His title after his death was Marhum Makmur.
Prabhu Natha Girindrawardhana Dyah Ranawijaya was the ruler of the Majapahit Empire between 1474 and 1498. He is referred in a Jiyu inscription as Sri Wilwatikta Jenggala Kediri, which means ruler of Majapahit, Janggala and Kediri, and as Pa Bu Ta La in Chinese literature.
The Aru was a major Sumatran kingdom from the 13th to the 16th century. It was located on the eastern coast of North Sumatra, Indonesia. In its heyday the kingdom was a formidable maritime power, and was able to control the northern part of the Malacca strait.
Islam in Central Sulawesi, a province of Indonesia, is the majority religion embraced by around 75% of the population, out of a total of 2,683,722 inhabitants . The propagators of Islam were thought to enter the Central Sulawesi through neighboring regions, namely Bone, Wajo, and Mandar from the south and west routes, and through Gorontalo and Ternate from the north and east routes via Tomini Bay and Tolo Bay.
Tuanku Sri Paduka Gocah Pahlawan also known as Muhammad Dalik according to Hikayat Deli, was the founder of the Sultanate of Deli and the Sultanate of Serdang in North Sumatra, Indonesia. According to the tarombo from Deli and Serdang, Gocah Pahlawan was of keling (Indian) ethnicity, sent by Sultan Iskandar Muda in 1612 to rule in the former Aru Kingdom. He was appointed as a representative commander of the Aceh Sultanate for the area, to fight the Portuguese influence and establish alliances with the local population, who generally were Karo peoples.
Tuanku Panglima Perunggit, also titled Kejuruan Padang, was the second ruler (1641–1700) of the Sultanate of Deli. He continued the rule of his father Tuanku Panglima Gocah Pahlawan, who was the representative commander of the Aceh Sultanate to rule former area of the conquered Aru Kingdom. His mother's name was Putri Nang Bulan beru Surbakti, a sister of the Sunggal chieftain, Datuk Itam Surbakti, one of the rulers of the Karo people in Deli Tua.
The Deli or Deli Malay people are a sub-ethnic group of Malays native to eastern coast of North Sumatra, particularly lives in Deli Serdang and Medan. The Deli culture began with the Sultanate of Deli, an Islamic kingdom established in North Sumatra in 1632 to 1946. Deli Malays known for its famous pantoum art until today's.
Music of Minang is a traditional and living genre of Indonesian music that grows and develops in the Minangkabau culture area. Music whose origins are related to Malay Music is generally played by musical instruments such as Talempong, Saluang, Minang rebab, Serunai, Tmbourine, Aguang, Gandang, and Violin. Minang music is also played to accompany various dances such as the Pasambahan dance and the Piring dance.
References
- 1 2 Hamid, Rogayah A.; Salim, Mariyam bte (2006). Kesultanan Melayu (in Malay). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. ISBN 9789836292445.
- 1 2 (Tengku), Luckman Sinar (1996). The History of Medan in the Olden Times. Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengembangan Seni Budaya Melayu.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ikhsan, Edy (2015). Konflik Tanah Ulayat dan Pluralisme Hukum: Hilangnya Ruang Hidup Orang Melayu Deli (in Indonesian). Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia. ISBN 9789794619377.
- 1 2 3 (Tengku.), M. Lah Husny; Daerah, Proyek Penerbitan Buku Bacaan dan Sastra Indonesia dan (1978). Lintasan sejarah peradaban dan budaya penduduk Melayu-Pesisir Deli, Sumatra Timur, 1612-1950 (in Indonesian). Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Proyek Penerbitan Buku Bacaan dan Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah.
- ↑ Perret, Daniel (2010-04-23). Kolonialisme dan Etnisitas Batak dan Melayu di Sumatra Timur Laut (in Indonesian). Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. ISBN 9789799102386.
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