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Pam Smith MBE is a Professor of Nursing in the School of Health in Social Science at the University of Edinburgh. [1] Her research relates to emotions and care within the nursing profession.
Smith graduated from the Bachelor of Nursing programme at the University of Manchester. She gained a postgraduate certificate in adult education from Garnett College in 1973 and a MSc in Medical Sociology from Bedford College in 1982. Smith was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from King's College London in 1988 for a thesis entitled "The Quality of Nursing and the Ward as a Learning Environment for Student Nurses: A Multimethod Approach". [2]
Smith was a nurse and teacher in Tanzania, Mozambique and Britain early in her career and later became a nurse researcher. On completion of her doctoral studies at King's College London, she was awarded a Florence Nightingale Travel Scholarship and Fulbright Fellowship to study US nursing and healthcare and spent a year as a post-doctoral research with Professor Arlie Russell Hochschild at the University of California Berkeley, developing the application of emotional labour to nursing. [3] [4] She continues this area of research exploring how nurses manage emotions in intensive care settings, [5] how older peoples' voices can be heard [6] and investigating the transitions experienced by professionals and parents caring for children with cancer. [7] She went on to hold research leadership roles at Bloomsbury (later Camden and Islington) Health Authority from 1985 to 1992 and then at London South Bank University from 1997 to 2001. In 2012, Smith was appointed Professorial Fellow in Nursing Studies at the University of Edinburgh having previously held a secondment as Professor of Nurse Education at the University of Surrey from 2009 to 2012. She then became Head of Nursing Studies from August 2010 to December 2013.
Smith's more recent research has examined new forms of development and brokerage in maternal and child health service delivery in Nepal and Malawi, [8] developed a UK taxonomy and framework for facilitating health policy deliberations on maximising secondary uses of healthcare data [9] [10] [11] and explored how delivering maternal and child healthcare can be improved through educating clinical professionals in Malawi. [12] Currently, she is a Visiting Professor at the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London and Honorary Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Maribor, Slovenia. Smith was awarded an MBE for services to nursing and nurse education in the 2016 Queen's Birthday Honours. [13]
Kangaroo care also called skin-to-skin contact (SSC), is a technique of newborn care where babies are kept chest-to-chest and skin-to-skin with a parent, typically their mother.
The nursing process is a modified scientific method. Nursing practise was first described as a four-stage nursing process by Ida Jean Orlando in 1958. It should not be confused with nursing theories or health informatics. The diagnosis phase was added later.
The Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) is an American not-for-profit organization dedicated to improving health care in quality, safety, cost-effectiveness and access through the best use of information technology and management systems. It was founded in 1961 as the Hospital Management Systems Society. It is now headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The society has more than 100,000 individuals, 480 provider organizations, 470 non-profit partners and 650 health services organizations. HIMSS is a US 501(c)6 organization.
A nurse practitioner (NP) is an advanced practice registered nurse and a type of mid-level practitioner. NPs are trained to assess patient needs, order and interpret diagnostic and laboratory tests, diagnose disease, formulate and prescribe medications and treatment plans. NP training covers basic disease prevention, coordination of care, and health promotion, but does not provide the depth of expertise needed to recognize more complex conditions.
A health professional, healthcare professional, or healthcare worker is a provider of health care treatment and advice based on formal training and experience. The field includes those who work as a nurse, physician, physician assistant, registered dietitian, veterinarian, veterinary technician, optometrist, pharmacist, pharmacy technician, medical assistant, physical therapist, occupational therapist, dentist, midwife, psychologist, or who perform services in allied health professions. Experts in public health and community health are also health professionals.
David Lawrence Sackett was an American-Canadian physician and a pioneer in evidence-based medicine. He is known as one of the fathers of Evidence-Based Medicine. He founded the first department of clinical epidemiology in Canada at McMaster University, and the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. He is well known for his textbooks Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine.
A caregiver or carer is a paid or unpaid member of a person's social network who helps them with activities of daily living. Since they have no specific professional training, they are often described as informal caregivers. Caregivers most commonly assist with impairments related to old age, disability, a disease, or a mental disorder.
MEDCIN, a system of standardized medical terminology, is a proprietary medical vocabulary and was developed by Medicomp Systems, Inc. MEDCIN is a point-of-care terminology, intended for use in Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems, and it includes over 280,000 clinical data elements encompassing symptoms, history, physical examination, tests, diagnoses and therapy. This clinical vocabulary contains over 38 years of research and development as well as the capability to cross map to leading codification systems such as SNOMED CT, CPT, ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM, DSM, LOINC, CDT, CVX, and the Clinical Care Classification (CCC) System for nursing and allied health.
The healthcare error proliferation model is an adaptation of James Reason’s Swiss Cheese Model designed to illustrate the complexity inherent in the contemporary healthcare delivery system and the attribution of human error within these systems. The healthcare error proliferation model explains the etiology of error and the sequence of events typically leading to adverse outcomes. This model emphasizes the role organizational and external cultures contribute to error identification, prevention, mitigation, and defense construction.
Health information technology (HIT) is health technology, particularly information technology, applied to health and health care. It supports health information management across computerized systems and the secure exchange of health information between consumers, providers, payers, and quality monitors. Based on a 2008 report on a small series of studies conducted at four sites that provide ambulatory care – three U.S. medical centers and one in the Netherlands, the use of electronic health records (EHRs) was viewed as the most promising tool for improving the overall quality, safety and efficiency of the health delivery system.
Audrey O'Brien Nelson is an American registered nurse, research scientist, and professor in multiple colleges at the University of South Florida. She is the director of the VISN 8 Evidence-Based Practice Center and the Biomechanic Research Laboratory at the James A. Haley Veterans Hospital in Tampa, Florida. Nelson is also a speaker on topics related to nursing research in spinal cord injury occupational safety and patient safety.
The nursing organization workplace has been identified as one in which workplace bullying occurs quite frequently. It is thought that relational aggression are relevant. Relational aggression has been studied amongst girls but rarely amongst adult women. According to a finding, 74% of the nurses, 100% of the anesthetists, and 80% of surgical technologists have experienced or witnessed uncivil behaviors like bullying by nursing faculty. There have been many incidents that have occurred throughout the past couple of years. OSHA, which stands for “Occupational Safety and Health Administration” stated that from 2011 to 2013, the United States healthcare workers experienced 15,000 to 20,000 significant injuries while in the workplace.
Clinical point of care (POC) is the point in time when clinicians deliver healthcare products and services to patients at the time of care.
Teresa Thomas "Terry" Fulmer, is the current President of The John A. Hartford Foundation. Prior positions include distinguished professor and dean of the Bouvé College of Health Sciences at Northeastern University, and Dean of the College of Nursing at New York University. She is known for her extensive research in geriatrics and elder abuse. She has received funding from the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Nursing Research, and multiple foundations for her research regarding elder abuse.
Dipak Kalra is President of the European Institute for Health Records and of the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data. He undertakes international research and standards development, and advises on adoption strategies, relating to Electronic Health Records.
Lawrence Leonard Weed was an American physician, researcher, educator, entrepreneur and author, who is best known for creating the problem-oriented medical record as well as one of the first electronic health records.
BMJ Health & Care Informatics is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal covering health informatics. It was established in 1992 and is published by the BMJ. The editor-in-chief is Yu-Chuan Jack Li. The journal was established in 1992 as Informatics in Primary Care, and was renamed to Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics in 2015, obtaining its current name in 2019.
Roger Watson is a British academic. He is currently Academic Dean in the School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, China and until 2022 was the Professor of Nursing at the University of Hull. He is the editor-in-chief of Nurse Education in Practice and an Editorial Board Member of the WikiJournal of Medicine. Watson was the Founding Chair of the Lancet Commission on Nursing, and a founding member of the Global Advisory Group for the Future of Nursing. Watson was elected Vice President of the National Conference of University Professors in 2020 and became President in 2022 until 2024.
Charlotte Laura Clarke is a Professor of Health in Social Science at the University of Edinburgh. Her research centres on the experiences of living with dementia.
Tonks Fawcett is a Professor of Student Learning in Nursing Studies at the University of Edinburgh and a Principal Fellow of the Higher Education Academy. Her research focuses on mainly around clinical support of learner nurses and clinical decision making.
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