Patricia Glibert

Last updated
Patricia Glibert
Alma materHarvard University
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Maryland
Thesis Uptake and remineralization of ammonium by marine plankton  (1982)
Doctoral students Deborah Bronk

Patricia Marguerite Glibert is a marine scientist known for her research on nutrient use by phytoplankton and harmful algal blooms in Chesapeake Bay. She is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Contents

Education and career

Glibert has an undergraduate degree from Skidmore College [1] and a master's degree from the University of New Hampshire, where she examined the movement of nutrients in an estuary. [2] Glibert moved to Harvard University for her Ph.D., which she earned in 1982 with a dissertation working on the uptake of ammonium by small marine organisms. [3] Following her Ph.D., Glibert was a postdoctoral researcher and scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. In 1986 Glibert moved to the University of Maryland, where she was promoted to professor in 1993.

In 2020, Glibert was elected president-elect of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO), and followed Roxane Maranger as president in 2022. [4]

Research

Glibert's research centers on nutrients, phytoplankton, and harmful algal blooms, especially the connection between harmful algal blooms and nutrients. [5] She has conducted this research in multiple locations [6] including Shinnecock Bay, Long Island, [7] Florida Bay, [8] the Chesapeake Bay, [9] Kuwait Bay, [10] the Scotian Shelf, [11] the waters off Cape Cod, [12] and Chesapeake Bay. [13] She has examined the production and consumption of nitrogen, [14] the effect of temperature on nutrient uptake, [15] and the role of mixotrophy in nutrient use. [16] Her work includes investigations into nutrient cycling in model organisms including Trichodesmium, [17] Prorocentrum , [18] and Synechococcus. [19] [20] Glibert's research encompasses issues of climate change [21] and human impacts on the environment. [22] [23]

Selected publications

Awards and honors

Glibert received an honorary doctorate from Linnaeus University in 2011, [24] and was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2012. [25] She has also been named one of the top women professors in Maryland (2013), and is a sustaining fellow of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (2016). [1]

Personal life

Glibert describes herself as "one-half dual-career couple" [26] and is married to Todd Kana, a phytoplankton ecologist at the University of Maryland. [27] In 2016 they published Aquatic Microbial Ecology and Biochemistry: A Dual Perspective, a collection written by dual career couples who have collaborated on research in the field. [27] They have three children; Glibert's daughter was the first child born to a woman scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. [26]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Algal bloom</span> Spread of planktonic algae in water

An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems. It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae's pigments. The term algae encompasses many types of aquatic photosynthetic organisms, both macroscopic multicellular organisms like seaweed and microscopic unicellular organisms like cyanobacteria. Algal bloom commonly refers to the rapid growth of microscopic unicellular algae, not macroscopic algae. An example of a macroscopic algal bloom is a kelp forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phytoplankton</span> Autotrophic members of the plankton ecosystem

Phytoplankton are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems. The name comes from the Greek words φυτόν, meaning 'plant', and, meaning 'wanderer' or 'drifter'.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eutrophication</span> Excessive plant growth in water

Eutrophication is a general term describing a process in which nutrients accumulate in a body of water, resulting in an increased growth of microorganisms that may deplete the water of oxygen. Although eutrophication is a natural process, manmade or cultural eutrophication is far more common and is a rapid process caused by a variety of polluting inputs including poorly treated sewage, industrial wastewater, and fertilizer runoff. Such nutrient pollution usually causes algal blooms and bacterial growth, resulting in the depletion of dissolved oxygen in water and causing substantial environmental degradation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spring bloom</span> Strong increase in phytoplankton abundance that typically occurs in the early spring

The spring bloom is a strong increase in phytoplankton abundance that typically occurs in the early spring and lasts until late spring or early summer. This seasonal event is characteristic of temperate North Atlantic, sub-polar, and coastal waters. Phytoplankton blooms occur when growth exceeds losses, however there is no universally accepted definition of the magnitude of change or the threshold of abundance that constitutes a bloom. The magnitude, spatial extent and duration of a bloom depends on a variety of abiotic and biotic factors. Abiotic factors include light availability, nutrients, temperature, and physical processes that influence light availability, and biotic factors include grazing, viral lysis, and phytoplankton physiology. The factors that lead to bloom initiation are still actively debated.

<i>Heterosigma akashiwo</i> Species of alga

Heterosigma akashiwo is a species of microscopic algae of the class Raphidophyceae. It is a swimming marine alga that episodically forms toxic surface aggregations known as harmful algal bloom. The species name akashiwo is from the Japanese for "red tide".

Monomictic lakes are holomictic lakes that mix from top to bottom during one mixing period each year. Monomictic lakes may be subdivided into cold and warm types.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human impact on the nitrogen cycle</span>

Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trophic state index</span> Measure of the ability of water to sustain biological productivity

The Trophic State Index (TSI) is a classification system designed to rate water bodies based on the amount of biological productivity they sustain. Although the term "trophic index" is commonly applied to lakes, any surface water body may be indexed.

The deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM), also called the subsurface chlorophyll maximum, is the region below the surface of water with the maximum concentration of chlorophyll. The DCM generally exists at the same depth as the nutricline, the region of the ocean where the greatest change in the nutrient concentration occurs with depth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harmful algal bloom</span> Population explosion of organisms that can kill marine life

A harmful algal bloom (HAB), or excessive algae growth, is an algal bloom that causes negative impacts to other organisms by production of natural algae-produced toxins, mechanical damage to other organisms, or by other means. HABs are sometimes defined as only those algal blooms that produce toxins, and sometimes as any algal bloom that can result in severely lower oxygen levels in natural waters, killing organisms in marine or fresh waters. Blooms can last from a few days to many months. After the bloom dies, the microbes that decompose the dead algae use up more of the oxygen, generating a "dead zone" which can cause fish die-offs. When these zones cover a large area for an extended period of time, neither fish nor plants are able to survive. Harmful algal blooms in marine environments are often called "red tides".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bacterioplankton</span> Bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column

Bacterioplankton refers to the bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word πλανκτος, meaning "wanderer" or "drifter", and bacterium, a Latin term coined in the 19th century by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg. They are found in both seawater and freshwater.

Phycotoxins are complex allelopathic chemicals produced by eukaryotic and prokaryotic algal secondary metabolic pathways. More simply, these are toxic chemicals synthesized by photosynthetic organisms. These metabolites are not harmful to the producer but may be toxic to either one or many members of the marine food web. This page focuses on phycotoxins produced by marine microalgae; however, freshwater algae and macroalgae are known phycotoxin producers and may exhibit analogous ecological dynamics. In the pelagic marine food web, phytoplankton are subjected to grazing by macro- and micro-zooplankton as well as competition for nutrients with other phytoplankton species. Marine bacteria try to obtain a share of organic carbon by maintaining symbiotic, parasitic, commensal, or predatory interactions with phytoplankton. Other bacteria will degrade dead phytoplankton or consume organic carbon released by viral lysis. The production of toxins is one strategy that phytoplankton use to deal with this broad range of predators, competitors, and parasites. Smetacek suggested that "planktonic evolution is ruled by protection and not competition. The many shapes of plankton reflect defense responses to specific attack systems". Indeed, phytoplankton retain an abundance of mechanical and chemical defense mechanisms including cell walls, spines, chain/colony formation, and toxic chemical production. These morphological and physiological features have been cited as evidence for strong predatory pressure in the marine environment. However, the importance of competition is also demonstrated by the production of phycotoxins that negatively impact other phytoplankton species. Flagellates are the principle producers of phycotoxins; however, there are known toxigenic diatoms, cyanobacteria, prymnesiophytes, and raphidophytes. Because many of these allelochemicals are large and energetically expensive to produce, they are synthesized in small quantities. However, phycotoxins are known to accumulate in other organisms and can reach high concentrations during algal blooms. Additionally, as biologically active metabolites, phycotoxins may produce ecological effects at low concentrations. These effects may be subtle, but have the potential to impact the biogeographic distributions of phytoplankton and bloom dynamics.

Aureoumbra lagunensis is a unicellular planktonic marine microalga that belongs in the genus Aureoumbra under the class Pelagophyceae. It is similar in morphology and pigments to Aureococcus anophagefferens and Pelagococcus subviridis. The cell shape is spherical to subspherical and is 2.5 to 5.0 μm in diameter. It is golden-coloured and is encapsulated with extracellular polysaccharide layers and has a single chloroplast structure with pigments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viral shunt</span>

The viral shunt is a mechanism that prevents marine microbial particulate organic matter (POM) from migrating up trophic levels by recycling them into dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can be readily taken up by microorganisms. The DOM recycled by the viral shunt pathway is comparable to the amount generated by the other main sources of marine DOM.

Patricia A. Wheeler is a retired American phycologist and oceanographer. She is known for her work physiology and ecology of marine phytoplankton and primary production in marine ecosystems.

Mary Jane Perry is an American oceanographer known for the use of optics to study marine phytoplankton.

Roxane Maranger is a professor at Université de Montréal and Canada Research Chair Tier I in Aquatic Ecosystem Science and Sustainability known for her research on the impact of humans on water quality in lakes. From July 2020 - July 2022, she served as the president of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO).

Margaret Ruth Mulholland is professor at Old Dominion University known for her work on nutrients in marine and estuarine environments.

Susanne Menden-Deuer is an oceanographer and marine scientist known for her work on marine food webs, including their structure and function. As of 2022, she is president-elect of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hans W. Paerl</span> American professor

Hans W. Paerl is a Dutch American limnologist and a Kenan Professor of Marine and Environmental Sciences at the University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) Institute of Marine Sciences. His research primarily assesses microbially-mediated nutrient cycling, primary production dynamics, and the consequences of human impacts on water quality and sustainability in waters around the world.

References

  1. 1 2 "Glibert CV" (PDF). 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  2. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M (1976). Nutrient flux studies in the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire (Thesis). OCLC   7873398.
  3. ↑ Glibert, Patricia Marguerite (1981). Uptake and remineralization of ammonium by marine plankton (Thesis). OCLC   9378097.
  4. ↑ "Pat Glibert elected president of international society of marine researchers". University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. 2020-07-10. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
  5. ↑ Styn, Rebecca (October 23, 2019). "The Jefferson Education Society's Global Summit XI". www.eriereader.com. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
  6. ↑ Glibert, P. M. (1982). "Regional studies of daily, seasonal and size fraction variability in ammonium remineralization". Marine Biology. 70 (2): 209–222. doi:10.1007/BF00397687. ISSN   0025-3162. S2CID   83867829.
  7. ↑ Berg, G. M.; Glibert, P. M.; Lomas, M. W.; Burford, M. A. (1997-08-28). "Organic nitrogen uptake and growth by the chrysophyte Aureococcus anophagefferens during a brown tide event". Marine Biology. 129 (2): 377–387. doi:10.1007/s002270050178. ISSN   0025-3162. S2CID   84958015.
  8. ↑ Glibert, Pm; Heil, Ca; Hollander, D; Revilla, M; Hoare, A; Alexander, J; Murasko, S (2004). "Evidence for dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus uptake during a cyanobacterial bloom in Florida Bay". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 280: 73–83. Bibcode:2004MEPS..280...73G. doi: 10.3354/meps280073 . ISSN   0171-8630.
  9. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M.; Magnien, Robert; Lomas, Michael W.; Alexander, Jeffrey; Fan, Chunlei; Haramoto, Erin; Trice, Mark; Kana, Todd M. (2001). "Harmful Algal Blooms in the Chesapeake and Coastal Bays of Maryland, USA: Comparison of 1997, 1998, and 1999 Events". Estuaries. 24 (6): 875. doi:10.2307/1353178. JSTOR   1353178. S2CID   84399625.
  10. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M; Landsberg, Jan H; Evans, Joyce J; Al-Sarawi, Mohammad A; Faraj, Muna; Al-Jarallah, Mohammad A; Haywood, Allison; Ibrahem, Shahnaz; Klesius, Phil; Powell, Christine; Shoemaker, Craig (2002-06-01). "A fish kill of massive proportion in Kuwait Bay, Arabian Gulf, 2001: the roles of bacterial disease, harmful algae, and eutrophication". Harmful Algae. 1 (2): 215–231. doi:10.1016/S1568-9883(02)00013-6. ISSN   1568-9883.
  11. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M.; Biggs, Douglas C.; McCarthy, James J. (1982-07-01). "Utilization of ammonium and nitrate during austral summer in the Scotia Sea". Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers. 29 (7): 837–850. Bibcode:1982DSRA...29..837G. doi:10.1016/0198-0149(82)90049-8. ISSN   0198-0149.
  12. ↑ Glibert, P. M.; Goldman, J. C.; Carpenter, E. J. (1982). "Seasonal variations in the utilization of ammonium and nitrate by photoplankton in Vineyard Sound, Massachusetts, USA". Marine Biology. 70 (3): 237–249. doi:10.1007/BF00396842. ISSN   0025-3162. S2CID   86601564.
  13. ↑ Wheeler, Patricia A.; Glibert, Patricia M.; McCarthy, James J. (1982). "Ammonium uptake and incorporation by Chesapeake Bay phytoplankton: Short term uptake kinetics1". Limnology and Oceanography. 27 (6): 1113–1119. Bibcode:1982LimOc..27.1113W. doi: 10.4319/lo.1982.27.6.1113 . ISSN   1939-5590.
  14. ↑ Bronk, Deborah A.; Glibert, Patricia M.; Ward, Bess B. (1994-09-23). "Nitrogen Uptake, Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Release, and New Production". Science. 265 (5180): 1843–1846. Bibcode:1994Sci...265.1843B. doi:10.1126/science.265.5180.1843. PMID   17797223. S2CID   22538168.
  15. ↑ Lomas, Michael W.; Glibert, Patricia M. (1999). "Temperature regulation of nitrate uptake: A novel hypothesis about nitrate uptake and reduction in cool-water diatoms". Limnology and Oceanography. 44 (3): 556–572. Bibcode:1999LimOc..44..556L. doi: 10.4319/lo.1999.44.3.0556 . ISSN   1939-5590. S2CID   13428295.
  16. ↑ Burkholder, JoAnn M.; Glibert, Patricia M.; Skelton, Hayley M. (2008-12-01). "Mixotrophy, a major mode of nutrition for harmful algal species in eutrophic waters". Harmful Algae. HABs and Eutrophication. 8 (1): 77–93. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2008.08.010. ISSN   1568-9883.
  17. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M.; Bronk, Deborah A. (1994-11-01). "Release of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen by Marine Diazotrophic Cyanobacteria, Trichodesmium spp". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 60 (11): 3996–4000. Bibcode:1994ApEnM..60.3996G. doi:10.1128/aem.60.11.3996-4000.1994. PMC   201927 . PMID   16349432.
  18. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M.; Harrison, John; Heil, Cynthia; Seitzinger, Sybil (2006). "Escalating Worldwide use of Urea – A Global Change Contributing to Coastal Eutrophication". Biogeochemistry. 77 (3): 441–463. doi:10.1007/s10533-005-3070-5. ISSN   0168-2563. S2CID   2209850.
  19. ↑ Kana, Todd M.; Glibert, Patricia M. (1987-04-01). "Effect of irradiances up to 2000 μE m−2 s−1 on marine Synechococcus WH7803—I. Growth, pigmentation, and cell composition". Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers. 34 (4): 479–495. Bibcode:1987DSRA...34..479K. doi:10.1016/0198-0149(87)90001-X. ISSN   0198-0149.
  20. ↑ Kana, Todd M.; Glibert, Patricia M. (1987-04-01). "Effect of irradiances up to 2000 μE m−2 s−1 on marine Synechococcus WH7803—II. Photosynthetic responses and mechanisms". Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers. 34 (4): 497–516. Bibcode:1987DSRA...34..497K. doi:10.1016/0198-0149(87)90002-1. ISSN   0198-0149.
  21. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M. (2020-01-01). "Harmful algae at the complex nexus of eutrophication and climate change". Harmful Algae. Climate change and harmful algal blooms. 91: 101583. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.03.001 . ISSN   1568-9883. PMID   32057336. S2CID   196652040.
  22. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M; Maranger, Roxane; Sobota, Daniel J; Bouwman, Lex (2014-10-01). "The Haber Bosch–harmful algal bloom (HB–HAB) link". Environmental Research Letters. 9 (10): 105001. Bibcode:2014ERL.....9j5001G. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/9/10/105001 . ISSN   1748-9326. S2CID   154724892.
  23. ↑ Glibert, Patricia M.; Harrison, John; Heil, Cynthia; Seitzinger, Sybil (February 2006). "Escalating Worldwide use of Urea – A Global Change Contributing to Coastal Eutrophication". Biogeochemistry. 77 (3): 441–463. doi:10.1007/s10533-005-3070-5. S2CID   2209850.
  24. ↑ "Swedish university awarding Horn Point researcher honorary doctorate | Local | stardem.com". April 24, 2011. Archived from the original on 2021-10-15. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
  25. ↑ "AAAS Members Elected as Fellows | American Association for the Advancement of Science". www.aaas.org. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
  26. 1 2 "Autobiographical Sketches of Women in Oceanography". Oceanography. 18 (1): 124. March 2005.
  27. 1 2 Glibert, Patricia; Kana, Todd M. (2016). Aquatic microbial ecology and biogeochemistry : a dual perspective. Switzerland: Springer. ISBN   978-3-319-30259-1.
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