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Mauritius,officially the Republic of Mauritius,is an island country in the Indian Ocean,about 2,000 kilometres off the southeastern coast of East Africa,east of Madagascar. It includes the main island,as well as Rodrigues,Agaléga,and St. Brandon. The islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues,along with nearby Réunion,are part of the Mascarene Islands. The main island of Mauritius,where the population is concentrated,hosts the capital and largest city,Port Louis. The country spans 2,040 square kilometres (790 sq mi) and has an exclusive economic zone covering 2,300,000 square kilometres.
The known and sometimes formally documented history of Mauritius begins with its possible discovery by Austronesians under the Austronesian expansion from pre-Han Taiwan,circa 1500 to 1000 BC,and then by Arabs,,followed by Portuguese and its appearance on European maps in the early 16th century. Mauritius was successively colonized by the Netherlands,France and Great Britain,and became independent on 12 March 1968.
Politics of Mauritius takes place in a framework of a parliamentary democracy. The separation of powers is among the three branches of the Government of Mauritius,namely the legislative,the executive and the Judiciary,is embedded in the Constitution of Mauritius. Being a Westminster system of government,Mauritius's unicameral house of parliament officially,the National Assembly,is supreme. It elects the President and the Prime Minister. While the President is voted by a single majority of votes in the house,the Prime Minister is the MP who supports a majority in the house. The President is the Head of State while the prime minister has full executive power and is the Head of Government who is assisted by a council of Ministers. Mauritius has a multi-party system. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Mauritius a "full democracy" in 2022.
Sir Anerood Jugnauth,GCSK,PV,was a Mauritian statesman,politician and barrister who served both as President and Prime Minister of Mauritius. He was Member of Parliament for Piton &Riviere Du Rempart. A central figure of Mauritian politics in the 1980s and 1990s,he was Leader of the Opposition from 1976 to 1982. He served four consecutive terms as prime minister from 1982 to 1995 and again from 2000 to 2003. He was then elected as President from 2003 to 2012. Following his party's victory in the 2014 general elections,he served his sixth and final term as prime minister,becoming the nation's longest serving prime minister with more than 18 years of tenure,overtaking Seewoosagur Ramgoolam,who held the office for 14 years.
Paul Raymond Bérenger is a Mauritian politician who was Prime Minister of Mauritius from 2003 to 2005. He has been Leader of the Opposition on several occasions –from 1983 to 1987,1997 to 2000,2005 to 2006,2007 to 2013,October 2013 to 15 September 2014,and again from December 2014 to December 2016 when he was replaced by Xavier-Luc Duval. Following his party's defeat in the 2014 general elections,he became Leader of the Opposition for the sixth time,making him the longest ever to serve in this constitutional position. He was also deputy prime minister from 1995 to 1997 and again from 2000 to 2003,and he was a cabinet minister in the government of Anerood Jugnauth in 1982 and 1991. Bérenger,a Christian of Franco-Mauritian descent,has been the only non-Hindu prime minister of Mauritius,or,more particularly,the only prime minister who has not belonged to the Jugnauth or Ramgoolam families.
Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam,often referred to as Chacha Ramgoolam or SSR,was a Mauritian physician,politician,and statesman. He served as the island's only chief minister,first prime minister,and fifth governor-general.
Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo,GCMG,GCSK,QC,was a Mauritian politician,minister,the sixth and last governor-general of Mauritius from 1986 to 1992,and then the first president of Mauritius from March to June 1992.
The Labour Party is a centre-left social democratic political party in Mauritius. It is one of four main Mauritian political parties,along with the Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM),the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) and the Parti Mauricien Social Démocrate (PMSD). The party is led by Navin Ramgoolam. It tends to be more popular amongst Indo-Mauritians,especially in more rural areas.
Navinchandra Ramgoolam is a Mauritian politician and doctor serving as prime minister of Mauritius for the third time following the 2024 general election,after the landslide victory of his coalition Alliance du Changement. He is a prominent figure in the political history of Mauritius,having served multiple terms as the Prime Minister of the country. He is also the leader of the Labour Party.
The Mauritian Social Democratic Party,also known as the Mauritian Conservative Party,is a political party in Mauritius. Conservative and Francophilic,the PMSD is the fourth biggest political party in the National Assembly and currently forms part of the opposition.
General elections were held in Mauritius on 11 September 2000 to elect the members of the National Assembly.
Pravind Kumar Jugnauth is a Mauritian politician who was one of the Prime Ministers of Mauritius,succeeding his father,Aneerood Jugnauth,in 2017 where he led the cabinet until 2019. He became Prime Minister again in 2019 following the victory of his coalition,L'Alliance Morisien,and he held the post until 2024 where he and his party faced a humiliating defeat under the Alliance Lepep coalition. Jugnauth is the leader of the Militant Socialist Movement (MSM) party. He has held a number of ministerial portfolios and also been Leader of the Opposition.
Charles Gaëtan Xavier-Luc Duval is a Mauritian politician and was also Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius in the cabinet of Sir Anerood Jugnauth from December 2014 to December 2016. He was also Minister of Tourism &External Communications and serves as 1st Member of Parliament elected from Constituency No 18 Belle Rose &Quatres Bornes. He is the leader of the Mauritian Social Democrat Party (PMSD). His party has 4 MPs at parliament and he succeeded Arvin Boolell as Leader of Opposition on 4 March 2021.
Constituencies of Mauritius are the electoral boundaries within the Republic of Mauritius. They are also commonly referred to as Circonscriptions amongst the locals. The country follows the Westminster system and elects 60 members of parliament for a term of 5 years. There are in all 21 Constituencies in the republic,each of them returning 3 members with the exception of Constituency n°21,which returns only 2 members. The Constitution stipulates that there shall be 20 constituencies and one created specially for the Rodrigues island.
Rajkeswur Purryag,GCSK is a former Mauritian politician who served as the fifth president of Mauritius from 2012 to May 2015. He was elected president of Mauritius by the National Assembly and took office on 21 July 2012. He succeeded Sir Anerood Jugnauth,who spent nine years as president from 2003 until resigning in March 2012. Kailash Purryag previously served as Member of Parliament,Minister and Speaker of the National Assembly;he made his debut in the political arena at an early age in 1976.
Corruption in Mauritius follows the familiar patterns of state-based corruption,namely government officials abusing their political powers for private gain in the country of Mauritius.
Shakeel Ahmed Yousuf Abdul Razack Mohamed is a Mauritian Barrister and politician.
Sir Satcam Boolell GCSK QC was a Mauritian politician who served as member of the Legislative Assembly in Mauritius. He died on 23 March 2006,in Curepipe. He was also known as "Somduth" by his peers and family members.
Harisun Boodhoo more commonly known as Harish Boodhoo,is a Mauritian political figure who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius from 11 June 1982 to 21 August 1983. He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) in 1976,1982 and 1983 in Rivière des Anguilles and Souillac.
Yatindra Nath Varma,most commonly known as Yatin Varma,is a Mauritian politician.
References
- ↑ "Hon. Assirvaden Patrick Gervais". mauritiusassembly. 7 December 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
- ↑ "Interview de Patrick Assirvaden, Président du Central Electricity Board (CEB)". lexpress. 16 December 2009. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
- ↑ "Election Results 2019". maurinet. 7 November 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
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