 | |
| Author | Ricardo Palma |
|---|---|
| Original title | Tradiciones peruanas |
| Country | Peru |
| Language | Spanish |
Publication date | 1872–1910 |
Peruvian Traditions (Spanish: Tradiciones peruanas) is a compendium of some of the writings of the Peruvian writer Ricardo Palma.
| | |
| Author | Ricardo Palma |
|---|---|
| Original title | Tradiciones peruanas |
| Country | Peru |
| Language | Spanish |
Publication date | 1872–1910 |
Peruvian Traditions (Spanish: Tradiciones peruanas) is a compendium of some of the writings of the Peruvian writer Ricardo Palma.
The writings, which are collectively known as the Tradiciones, started appearing in 1863 in newspapers and magazines. They are short stories of historical fiction that relate events based on historical fact and that are descriptive of the way people lived in different moments in the Peruvian history. Their value as historical sources is limited, but their literary value is great.
Some of the Tradiciones peruanas have been translated into English under the title The Knights of the Cape and Thirty-seven Other Selections from the Tradiciones Peruanas of Ricardo Palma (ed. Harriet de Onís, 1945) and more recently under the title Peruvian Traditions (ed. Christopher Conway and trans. Helen Lane, Oxford University Press, 2004).
Some of the key characteristics of the Traditions are:
The Traditions were published in the following order:
The adjective "Peruanas" ("Peruvian") was not used by Palma. The adjective was used for the first time in 1890 on their first publication in Argentina.
There are in total 453 Traditions of which six are set during the Incan Empire, 339 during the Viceroyalty, 43 during the Emancipation, 49 during the Republic and 16 that cannot be placed within a specific period.
Manuel Ricardo Palma Soriano was a Peruvian author, scholar, librarian and politician. His magnum opus is the Tradiciones peruanas.
The National University of San Marcos is a public research university located in Lima, the capital of Peru. It is considered the most important, recognized and representative educational institution at the national level. At the continental level, it is the first officially established and the oldest continuously operating university in the Americas, which is why it appears in official documents and publications as "University of Peru, Dean University of the Americas". It had its beginnings in the general studies that were offered in the cloisters of the convent of the Rosario of the order of Santo Domingo —current Basilica and Convent of Santo Domingo— around 1548. Its official foundation was conceived by Fray Thomas de San Martín and the May 12, 1551 with the decree of Emperor Carlos I of Spain and V of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1571 it acquired the degree of pontifical granted by Pope Pius V with which it ended up being named as "Royal and Pontifical University of the City of the Kings of Lima". Being recognized by the Spanish Crown as the first university in America officially founded by Real cédula, it is also referred to as "University of Lima" throughout the Viceroyalty. Throughout its history, the university had a total of four colleges under tutelage: the Colegio Real y Mayor de San Martín and the Colegio Real y Mayor de San Felipe y San Marcos, the Real Colegio de San Carlos —focused on law and letters, derived from the merger of the two previous ones—and the Royal College of San Fernando—focused on medicine and surgery—. In the times of emancipation, it acquired a main role in the formation of several of the leaders managing the independence of Peru. After the proclamation of independence and during the republic, it maintains both colloquially and formally —in various treaties and documents historical—its name as "Universidad de Lima" until 1946, the year in which its current name and denomination as National and Major University were made official.
The term Peruvian literature not only refers to literature produced in the independent Republic of Peru, but also to literature produced in the Viceroyalty of Peru during the country's colonial period, and to oral artistic forms created by diverse ethnic groups that existed in the area during the prehispanic period, such as the Quechua, the Aymara and the Chanka South American native groups.
Maria Micaela Villegas Hurtado, known as La Perricholi, was a Peruvian entertainer and mistress of Manuel de Amat y Junyent, Viceroy of Peru from 1761 to 1776. Their son, Manuel de Amat y Villegas, was one of the signers of Peru’s declaration of independence from Spain on 28 July 1821.
Jose Manuel de los Reyes González de Prada y Ulloa was a Peruvian politician and anarchist, literary critic and director of the National Library of Peru. He is well remembered as a social critic who helped develop Peruvian intellectual thought in the early twentieth century, as well as the academic style known as modernismo. He was close in spirit to Clorinda Matto de Turner whose first novel, Torn from the Nest approached political indigenismo, and to Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, who like González Prada, practiced a positivism sui generis.
Zoila Aurora Cáceres Moreno (1877–1958) was a writer associated with the literary movement known as modernismo. This European-based daughter of a Peruvian president wrote novels, essays, travel literature and a biography of her husband, the Guatemalan novelist Enrique Gómez Carrillo.
Clemente Palma was a Peruvian writer. He was the son of famous Peruvian author and scholar Ricardo Palma and Ecuadorian Clemencia Ramínez. His halfsister Angélica Palma was also a writer.
César Alfredo Miró Quesada Bahamonde (1907–1999), more commonly known as César Miró, was a Peruvian writer and composer. He wrote novels, stories, manuscripts, essays, and poetry.
Picarones are a Peruvian dessert that originated in Lima during the viceroyalty. It is somewhat similar to buñuelos, a type of doughnut brought to the colonies by Spanish conquistadors. Its principal ingredients are squash and sweet potato. It is served in a doughnut form and covered with syrup, made from chancaca. It is traditional to serve picarones when people prepare anticuchos, another traditional Peruvian dish.
Angélica Palma y Román was a writer, journalist and biographer from Peru.
Jorge Villacorta is a Peruvian art critic and independent curator, with a strong interest in contemporary visual arts. He is also the co-founder and academic director of Alta Tecnologia Andina.
José-Carlos Mariátegui is a scientist, writer, curator and scholar on culture, new media and technology. Born in 1975, he is the son of Peruvian psychiatrist Javier Mariategui and the grandson of Jose Carlos Mariategui, the most influential Latin American Marxist thinker of the 20th century. He studied Mathematics and Biology at Cayetano Heredia University in Lima, Perú and did both Masters and Doctoral degrees in Information Systems and Innovation from the London School of Economics and Political Science – LSE (London). His PhD, dated 2013, was titled Image, information and changing work practices: the case of the BBC’s Digital Media Initiative. Has been involved in teaching and research activities, as well as published a variety of articles on art, science, technology, society and development. He founded Alta Tecnología Andina (ATA), non-profit organization dedicated to the development and research of artistic and scientific theories in Latin America. Founder of the International Festival of Video and Electronic Art in Lima (1998–2003). Founding Director of the Memorial Museum of José Carlos Mariátegui of the Ministry of Culture in Peru.
Javier Mariátegui Chiappe was a renowned Peruvian intellectual and psychiatrist. He was the last of the children of José Carlos Mariátegui and Anna Chiappe. Studied at the University of San Marcos where he also started teaching; he was also a founder of Cayetano Heredia University. He was also the founding director of the National Institute of Mental Health “Honorio Delgado - Hideyo Noguchi”. He died in Lima.
Rosa Campuzano Cornejo was an activist affiliated with the cause of freedom in the struggle for the independence of Peru, born in Guayaquil, Viceroyalty of Peru on April 13, 1796 and died in Lima in 1851. She was called "the protectress" for being the mistress of General José de San Martín, the exalted "Protector of Peru."
Pedro Salvino Zulen Aymar was a Peruvian philosopher and librarian of Chinese descent, who dedicated the most part of his short life to the fight for decentralised politics and the defense of indigenous rights.
Seven Interpretive Essays on Peruvian Reality, published in 1928, is the most famous written work of the Peruvian socialist writer José Carlos Mariátegui and considered his magnum opus. It was published in Lima, in 1928, and is accredited to establishing its author as one of the most widespread Marxist voices in Latin America. It is a work that has been reissued dozens of times, in addition to being translated into Russian, French, English, Italian, Portuguese and Hungarian.
Pablo Macera was a Peruvian historian.
Alerta en la frontera is a 1941 Peruvian propaganda film directed by German director Kurt Herrmann.