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A corporal punishment or a physical punishment is a punishment which is intended to cause physical pain to a person. When it is inflicted on minors, especially in home and school settings, its methods may include spanking or paddling. When it is inflicted on adults, it may be inflicted on prisoners and slaves.
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The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, commonly referred to as the 1994 Crime Bill, or the Clinton Crime Bill, is an Act of Congress dealing with crime and law enforcement; it became law in 1994. It is the largest crime bill in the history of the United States and consisted of 356 pages that provided for 100,000 new police officers, $9.7 billion in funding for prisons which were designed with significant input from experienced police officers. Sponsored by U.S. Representative Jack Brooks of Texas, the bill was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Bill Clinton. Then-Senator Joe Biden of Delaware drafted the Senate version of the legislation in cooperation with the National Association of Police Organizations, also incorporating the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) with Senator Orrin Hatch.
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Cop in the Hood: My Year Policing Baltimore's Eastern District is a book written in 2008 by a former Baltimore police officer, Peter Moskos. In this book Peter describes his one-year working in Baltimore's Eastern District. Moskos, a Harvard graduate student raised in a white middle class liberal household, describes his first hand experiences with poverty and violent crime in Baltimore's roughest police district, which encompassed a virtually all African American ghetto of East Baltimore.
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Judicial corporal punishment (JCP) is the infliction of corporal punishment as a result of a sentence imposed on an offender by a court of law. The punishments include caning, bastinado, birching, whipping, or strapping. The practice was once commonplace in many countries, but over time it has been abolished in most countries, although still remaining a form of legal punishment in some countries including a number of former British colonies and Muslim-majority states.
The legal system of Venezuela belongs to the Continental Law tradition. Venezuela was the first country in the world to abolish the death penalty for all crimes, doing so in 1863.
In the United States, civil forfeiture is a process in which law enforcement officers take assets from people who are suspected of involvement with crime or illegal activity without necessarily charging the owners with wrongdoing. While civil procedure, as opposed to criminal procedure, generally involves a dispute between two private citizens, civil forfeiture involves a dispute between law enforcement and property such as a pile of cash or a house or a boat, such that the thing is suspected of being involved in a crime. To get back the seized property, owners must prove it was not involved in criminal activity. Sometimes it can mean a threat to seize property as well as the act of seizure itself. Civil forfeiture is not considered to be an example of a criminal justice financial obligation.
References
- ↑ "Atlantic's Brave Thinkers 2011".
- ↑ Hoyt, Alex. "Peter Moskos" . Retrieved June 29, 2016.
- ↑ Moskos, Peter (May 31, 2011). In Defense of Flogging (17473rd ed.). Basic Books. ISBN 9780465021482.
- ↑ "The American Publishers Awards for Professional and Scholarly Excellence".
- ↑ Heller, Jordan (Aug 26, 2008). "The Ivy Leaguer Who Took on Prop Joe". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 24 August 2009.
- ↑ Hammond, Ed (Aug 30, 2008). "First Person". Financial Times. Retrieved 24 August 2009.
- ↑ "John Jay College of Criminal Justice". Archived from the original on 2009-03-07. Retrieved 2009-07-15.
- ↑ Moskos, Peter (2008) [2008]. Cop in the Hood: My Year Policing Baltimore's Eastern District (Revised ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14008-7.
Harvard trained sociologist Peter Moskos became a cop in Baltimore's roughest neighborhood-the Eastern District.
- ↑ Moskos, Peter (2008) [2008]. Cop in the Hood: My Year Policing Baltimore's Eastern District (Revised ed.). Princeton University Press. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-0-691-14008-7.
The area suffers from crime, drugs, and blight. Ninety-seven percent of the district is African American.
- ↑ Moskos, Peter; Stanford "Neill" Franklin (Aug 17, 2009). "It's Time to Legalize Drugs". The Washington Post. Retrieved 10 October 2009.
- ↑ Morgan, Scott (October 7, 2009). "Irony Alert: Drug Czar Complains About Media Bias" . Retrieved October 10, 2009.
- ↑ Laine, Russell B (2009-08-21). "letter to editor (unpublished)" . Retrieved 2009-10-10.
- ↑ Moskos, Peter (2011). In Defense of Flogging. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-02148-2.
- ↑ "Sing Sing or the lash: Should America flog criminals instead of jailing them?". The Economist. July 23, 2011. ISSN 0013-0613.
