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The Bible is a collection of religious texts or scriptures, some, all, or a variant of which are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, Islam, the Baha'i Faith, and other Abrahamic religions. The Bible is an anthology originally written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Koine Greek. These texts include instructions, stories, poetry, and prophecies, among other genres. The collection of materials that are accepted as part of the Bible by a particular religious tradition or community is called a biblical canon. Believers in the Bible generally consider it to be a product of divine inspiration, but the way they understand what that means and interpret the text varies.
The Epistle to the Galatians is the ninth book of the New Testament. It is a letter from Paul the Apostle to a number of Early Christian communities in Galatia. Scholars have suggested that this is either the Roman province of Galatia in southern Anatolia, or a large region defined by Galatians, an ethnic group of Celtic people in central Anatolia. The letter was originally written in Koine Greek and later translated into other languages.
Papyrus 46, designated by siglum 𝔓46, is an early Greek New Testament manuscript written on papyrus, and is one of the manuscripts comprising the Chester Beatty Papyri. Manuscripts among the Chester Beatty Papyri have had several provenances associated with them, the most likely being the Faiyum. It has been paleographically dated between 175 and 225, or early 3rd century CE. It contains verses from the Pauline Epistles of Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Colossians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Hebrews. Some leaves are part of the Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri, and others are in the University of Michigan Papyrus Collection.
Frederick Fyvie Bruce, usually cited as F. F.Bruce, was Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis at the University of Manchester from 1959 until 1978 and one of the most influential evangelical scholars of the second half of the twentieth century. His importance comes from the fact that when the academic community looked down upon Evangelicals, Bruce demonstrated that a scholar holding evangelical views could do worthwhile academic work. At the same time, he persuaded Evangelicals that they should not turn their backs on academic methods of Bible study, even if the results might differ from traditional evangelical views. As a result, he has been called the "Dean of Evangelical Scholarship".
John Barton is a British Anglican priest and biblical scholar. From 1991 to 2014, he was the Oriel and Laing Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Oriel College. In addition to his academic career, he has been an ordained and serving priest in the Church of England since 1973.
Daniel Baird Wallace is an American professor of New Testament Studies at Dallas Theological Seminary. He is also the founder and executive director of the Center for the Study of New Testament Manuscripts, the purpose of which is digitizing all known Greek manuscripts of the New Testament via digital photographs.
The Context Group is a working group of international biblical scholars who promote research into the Bible using social-scientific methods such as anthropology and sociology.
Richard John Bauckham is an English Anglican scholar in theology, historical theology and New Testament studies, specialising in New Testament Christology and the Gospel of John. He is a senior scholar at Ridley Hall, Cambridge.
The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri or simply the Chester Beatty Papyri are a group of early papyrus manuscripts of biblical texts. The manuscripts are in Greek and are of Christian origin. There are eleven manuscripts in the group, seven consisting of portions of Old Testament books, three consisting of portions of the New Testament, and one consisting of portions of the Book of Enoch and an unidentified Christian homily. Most are dated to the 3rd century CE. They are housed in part at the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin, Ireland, and in part at the University of Michigan, among a few other locations.
Andrew Keith Malcolm Adam, known as A. K. M. Adam, is a biblical scholar, theologian, author, priest, technologist and blogger. He is Tutor in New Testament and Greek at St. Stephen's House at Oxford University. He is a writer, speaker, voice-over artist, and activist on topics including postmodern philosophy, hermeneutics, education, and the social constitution of meaning.
Dom Bernard Orchard was an English Catholic Benedictine monk, headmaster and biblical scholar.
Jon Douglas Levenson is an American Hebrew Bible scholar who is the Albert A. List Professor of Jewish Studies at the Harvard Divinity School.
Peter Eric Enns is an American Biblical scholar and theologian. He has written widely on hermeneutics, Christianity and science, historicity of the Bible, and Old Testament interpretation. Outside of his academic work Enns is a contributor to HuffPost and Patheos. He has also worked with Francis Collins' The BioLogos Foundation. His book Inspiration and Incarnation challenged conservative/mainstream Evangelical methods of biblical interpretation. His book The Evolution of Adam questions the belief that Adam was a historical figure. He also wrote The Bible Tells Me So: Why Defending Scripture Has Made Us Unable to Read It and The Sin of Certainty: Why God Desires Our Trust More than Our 'Correct' Beliefs.
Larry Weir Hurtado, was an American New Testament scholar, historian of early Christianity, and Emeritus Professor of New Testament Language, Literature, and Theology at the University of Edinburgh (1996–2011). He was the head of the School of Divinity from 2007 to 2010, and was until August 2011 Director of the Centre for the Study of Christian Origins at the University of Edinburgh.
Hans Dieter Betz is an American scholar of the New Testament and Early Christianity at the University of Chicago. He has made influential contributions to research on Paul's Letter to the Galatians, the Sermon on the Mount and the Greco-Roman context of Early Christianity.
Craig S. Keener is an American Protestant theologian, Biblical scholar and professor of New Testament at Asbury Theological Seminary.
Carol Ann Newsom is an American biblical scholar, historian of ancient Judaism, and literary critic. She is the Charles Howard Candler Professor Emerita of Old Testament at the Candler School of Theology and a former senior fellow at the Center for the Study of Law and Religion at Emory University. She is a leading expert on the Dead Sea Scrolls, Wisdom literature, and the Book of Daniel.
V. Philips Long, also known as Phil Long, is an American Old Testament scholar.
Beverly Roberts Gaventa is Distinguished Professor of New Testament Interpretation at Baylor University and Helen H.P. Manson Professor of New Testament Literature and Exegesis Emerita at Princeton Theological Seminary.
Galatians 3:28 is the twenty-eighth verse of the third chapter in the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is a widely commented biblical passage among Paul's statements. It is sometimes cited in various Christian discussions about gender equality and racism.
References
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- ↑ DUNCAN, Bruce (March 2001). "In the beginning... the National Outlook story". Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- 1 2 Philip F. Esler, "The Context Group Project: An Autobiographical Account", in Mario Aguilar and Louise Lawrence, eds, Anthropology and Biblical Studies: Avenues of Research. Leiden: Deo Publishing, 2004, 46-61.
- ↑ The Context Group
- ↑ Philip F. Esler, The First Christians in Their Social Worlds: Social-Scientific Approaches to New Testament Interpretation (1994)
- ↑ Southwood, Katherine E. (1 November 2011). "Social-Scientific Methodology and Biblical Interpretation". Holy Land Studies. 10 (2): 249–253. doi:10.3366/hls.2011.0017 . Retrieved 1 November 2021– via Edinburgh University Press Journals.
- ↑ Philip F. Esler, Babatha’s Orchard: The Yadin Papyri and An Ancient Jewish Family Tale Retold (Oxford: OUP, 2017).
- ↑ Philip F. Esler, "‘All That You Have Done … Has Been Fully Told to Me’: The Power of Gossip and the Story of Ruth", Journal of Biblical Literature (2018) 137:645-666
- ↑ Adele Reinhartz (2018). "Editor's Foreword: Passing the Torch". Journal of Biblical Literature. 137 (4): 785–788. doi:10.15699/jbl.1374.2018.foreword. JSTOR 10.15699/jbl.1374.2018.foreword.
- ↑ Philip F. Esler, "Group Boundaries and Intergroup Conflict in Galatians: A New Reading of Gal. 5:13-6:10", in Mark Brett, ed., Ethnicity and the Bible, (Leiden: E J Brill, 1996), 215-240.
- ↑ Jack Barentsen, Emerging Leadership in the Pauline Mission: A Social Identity Perspective on Local Leadership Development in Corinth and Ephesus (2011), p. 41.
- ↑ See Social Identity Approaches to the New Testament, edited by Coleman A. Baker and J. Brian Tucker (London: T & T Clark), now in press.
- ↑ Philip F. Esler, "Judean Ethnic Identity in Josephus’ Against Apion", in A Wandering Galilean: Essays in Honour of Sean Freyne, edited by Zuleika Rodgers with Margaret Daly-Denton and Anne Fitzpatrick McKinley (Leiden: Brill: 2009), 73-91; "Judean Ethnic Identity and the Purpose of Hebrews", in Method & Meaning: Essays on New Testament Interpretation in Honor of Harold A. Attridge, edited by Andrew B. McGowan and Kent Harold Richards (Atlanta, GA: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011), 469-89; and "Judean Ethnic Identity and the Matthean Jesus", in Jesus: Gestalt und Gestaltungen: FS Für Gerd Theissen, edited by Petra von Gemünden, David G. Horrell, and Max Küchler (NTOA; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013).
- ↑ Philip F. Esler, "The Madness of Saul: A Cultural Reading of 1 Samuel 8-31", in Exum, Cheryl J, and Moore, Stephen D, eds. Biblical Studies/Cultural Studies. (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1998), 220 262.
- ↑ Nordling, Linda (18 October 2005). "Philip Esler: Think big". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
- ↑ "Examination of Witnesses (Questions 1-19): Professor Philip Esler". UK Parliament. 28 February 2007. Retrieved 1 June 2013.
- ↑ "Podcast: HERA's Prof. Philip Esler on the 1st European Conference for Collaborative Humanities Research (ECCHR) : European Science Foundation". Archives.esf.org. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
- ↑ "Leading the World | The economic impact of UK arts and humanities research" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- ↑ Bate, Jonathan (27 January 2011). The Public Value of the Humanities. ISBN 9781849660631.
- ↑ Esler, Philip (13 August 2008). "A new economy for knowledge". The Guardian. London.
- ↑ "AHRC signs up to groundbreaking MoU with Brazil". Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
- ↑ "Memorandum of Understanding between The State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and The Research Councils of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland". Fapesp.br. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
- ↑ "UK Research and Innovation". Rcuk.ac.uk.
- ↑ "News from St Mary's". Smuc.ac.uk.
- ↑ "Pendulum stops as St Mary's drops hypnosis". Timeshighereducation.co.uk. 13 September 2012.
- ↑ "QAA publishes St Mary's University College (London) investigation findings". Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- ↑ "Complaints over standards on hypnosis course earn QAA scrutiny". Timeshighereducation.co.uk. 12 April 2012.
- 1 2 "The Tablet - Protest at crisis-stricken college". Archived from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- 1 2 "Top historian criticises St Mary's for 'grotesque' treatment of professor | CatholicHerald.co.uk". Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- ↑ "Head suspended after theology school protest". Timeshighereducation.co.uk. 27 September 2012.
- ↑ "StackPath". Indcatholicnews.com.
- ↑ Muir, Hugh (26 November 2012). "Diary". The Guardian . London.
- ↑ "StackPath". Indcatholicnews.com.
- ↑ "Go-ahead for first Catholic universities since Reformation". Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
- ↑ "Philip Esler". Glos.ac.uk. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
- ↑ Babatha's Orchard: The Yadin Papyri and an Ancient Jewish Family Tale Retold. Oxford University Press. 23 April 2017. ISBN 978-0-19-876716-9.
- ↑ "Ancient legal papyri bring lost world to life". Blog.oup.com. March 2017.
- ↑ "The Bible and Interpretation - Babatha: The Ancient Jewish Woman About Whom We Know Most". Archived from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
- ↑ "Babatha's Orchard". Rosson1.wordpress.com. 13 March 2017.
- ↑ "Babatha's Orchard". Readingreligion.org.
- ↑ "Dead Sea documents reveal 2,000-year-old Jewish family tale". Jewishnews.timesofisrael.com.
- ↑ "Gloucestershire's very own Indiana Jones discovers ancient family tale from Dead Sea documents | Gloucestershire Live". Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
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- ↑ "The Early Christian World". Routledge & CRC Press. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
- ↑ "God's Court and Courtiers in the Book of the Watchers". Wipfandstock.com.
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- ↑ "Book of Enoch | An exhibition of twelve paintings on 1 Enoch and an illuminated model of an Ethiopian church by Angus Pryor". Book of Enoch. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
- ↑ Philip F. Esler and Angus Pryor (2020) ‘Painting 1 Enoch: Biblical Interpretation, Theology and Artistic Practice’, Biblical Theology Bulletin 50: 136-153.
- ↑ Esler, Philip (23 September 2021). 2 Corinthians: A Social Identity Commentary. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-567-66873-8.
