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The Celts or Celtic peoples were a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia, identified by their use of Celtic languages and other cultural similarities. Major Celtic groups included the Gauls; the Celtiberians and Gallaeci of Iberia; the Britons, Picts, and Gaels of Britain and Ireland; the Boii; and the Galatians. The relation between ethnicity, language and culture in the Celtic world is unclear and debated; for example over the ways in which the Iron Age people of Britain and Ireland should be called Celts. In current scholarship, 'Celt' primarily refers to 'speakers of Celtic languages' rather than to a single ethnic group.
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Charles Francis Christopher Hawkes, FBA, FSA was an English archaeologist specialising in European prehistory. He was Professor of European Archaeology at the University of Oxford from 1946 to 1972.
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The Celtic currency of Britain were the various items and coins used as currency between approximately 200 BC and AD 60. The earliest currency consisted of various forms of iron bars. Coins were first imported in large numbers in around 150 BC and domestic minting began around 100BC. Coin production was largely ended by the Roman conquest of Britain, first by the Claudian invasion of AD 43 and later by the Defeat of Boudica in AD 60 or 61. Cast coins may have been produced for a few more years around Hengistbury Head. Exact dating of coins often changes in the light of new research.
Colin Mackennal Kraay, FBA, FSA was an English numismatist. He was the Keeper of the Heberden Coin Room at the Ashmolean Museum from 1975 to his death in 1982.
Haim Gitler is an Israeli curator and researcher, specializing in the field of numismatics. He is chief curator of archaeology and curator of numismatics at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem, as well as the President of the Israel Numismatic Society.
Esunertos, or Iisuniirtos, was a male ruler in Britain in the western Thames basin in the second half of the 1st century BC. He is known only from a few rare gold and silver coins, which provide the full spelling of his name – IISVNIIRTOS. This is also the first time that the Celtic nominative form -os- has been observed.
References
- ↑ "Philip de Jersey". Shire Books. Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. Retrieved 30 June 2012.
- ↑ De Jersey, Philip (1992). La Tène and early Gallo-Roman north-west France. E-Thesis Online Service (Ph.D). The British Library Board. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ↑ "The Oxford Celtic Coins Index". Portable Antiquities Scheme. Archived from the original on 29 June 2012. Retrieved 30 June 2012.
- ↑ Rudd, Chris. "50 Years of Celtic Coin Index". Coins Weekly. Retrieved 30 June 2012.
- ↑ "Heberden Coin Room: Research". Ashmolean Museum . Retrieved 30 June 2012.
- ↑ "Blunt Prize". British Numismatic Society . Retrieved 30 June 2012.
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