The Philistines were a people who once occupied the south-western part of Canaan.
Philistines or philistine may also refer to:
- Residents of the region of Palestine, sometimes referred to as 'Philistines' by British writers of the 18th and very early 19th century, though the ancient Philistines were a distinct people from the Arabs later referred to as Palestinians
- Philistine, a derogatory term for a person deficient in the liberal arts culture
- An elite unit of the South African Defence Force
- The Philistines (Pisemsky novel), an 1877 novel by Alexey Pisemsky
- The Philistines , a 1901 play by Maxim Gorky
- The Philistine , a periodical that was written, edited, and published by Elbert Hubbard
