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The Cape Colony,also known as the Cape of Good Hope,was a British colony in present-day South Africa named after the Cape of Good Hope. The British colony was preceded by an earlier corporate colony that became a Dutch colony of the same name,the Dutch Cape Colony,established in 1652 by the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The Cape was under VOC rule from 1652 to 1795 and under rule of the Napoleonic Batavia Republic from 1803 to 1806.
The written history of the Cape Colony in what is now South Africa began when Portuguese navigator Bartolomeu Dias became the first modern European to round the Cape of Good Hope in 1488. In 1497,Vasco da Gama sailed along the whole coast of South Africa on his way to India,landed at St Helena Bay for 8 days,and made a detailed description of the area. The Portuguese,attracted by the riches of Asia,made no permanent settlement at the Cape Colony. However,the Dutch East India Company (VOC) settled the area as a location where vessels could restock water and provisions.
The Boer republics were independent,self-governing republics formed by Dutch-speaking inhabitants of the Cape Colony and their descendants. The founders –variously named Trekboers,Boers and Voortrekkers –settled mainly in the middle,northern,north-eastern and eastern parts of present-day South Africa. Two of the Boer Republics achieved international recognition and complete independence:the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. The republics did not provide for the separation of church and state,initially allowing only the Dutch Reformed Church,and later also other Protestant churches in the Calvinist tradition. The republics came to an end after the Second Boer War of 1899–1902,which resulted in British annexation and later incorporation of their lands into the Union of South Africa.
The following lists events that happened during the 1670s in South Africa.
Georg Friedrich Wreede or Georgius Fredericius Wreede was governor of Dutch Mauritius from 1665 to 1672,with a break between 1668-1669.
George McCall Theal,was the most prolific and influential South African historian,archivist and genealogist of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Ryk Tulbagh was Governor of the Dutch Cape Colony from 27 February 1751 to 11 August 1771 under the Dutch East India Company (VOC).
Jacob Abraham Uitenhage de Mist was a Dutch statesman. He was Head of State of the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic from 17 April 1797 –1 May 1797,and Commissioner-General of the Cape Colony during the interregnum from 21 February 1803 –25 September 1804,in accordance with the short-lived Treaty of Amiens. The Cape Colony had been under Dutch control from 1652.
The Cape Colony was a Dutch United East India Company (VOC) Colony in Southern Africa,centered on the Cape of Good Hope,from where it derived its name. The original colony and its successive states that the colony was incorporated into occupied much of modern South Africa. Between 1652 and 1691 it was a Commandment,and between 1691 and 1795 a Governorate of the United East India Company (VOC). Jan van Riebeeck established the colony as a re-supply and layover port for vessels of the VOC trading with Asia. The Cape came under VOC rule from 1652 to 1795 and again from 1803 to 1806. Much to the dismay of the shareholders of the VOC,who focused primarily on making profits from the Asian trade,the colony rapidly expanded into a settler colony in the years after its founding.
Hieronymous Cruse was a soldier and explorer for the Dutch East India Company in South Africa.
Cornelis van Quaelberg,also written as van Quaelbergen or van Quaalberg was the third commander of the Dutch Cape Colony from 1666 to 1668.
Jacob Borghorst,also Borchorst,was the fourth Commander of the Dutch Cape Colony from 1668 to 1670. He was in ill health for most of his period as Commander,and left most of the administration to his subordinates. Borghorst and his family returned to the Dutch Republic in 1670.
Baron Pieter van Reedevan Oudtshoorn was a senior official and Governor designate of the Dutch Cape Colony. He was appointed Governor of the Cape Colony in 1772 to succeed the deceased Governor Ryk Tulbagh but died at sea on his way to the Cape Colony to take up his post. The Western Cape town of Oudtshoorn is named after him. He is the progenitor of the van R(h)eede van Oudtshoorn family in South Africa.
IJsbrand Godske was the second Governor of the Dutch Cape Colony. After the death of Governor Pieter Hackius's on 30 November 1671,Godske was appointed to succeed him with the title of Governor and Councillor Extraordinary of India. For the time it took him to arrive at the Cape,first the Political Council and from 23 March 1672 to 2 October 1672,the secunde,Albert van Breugel,acted as governor.
Albert van Breugel was the acting commander of the Cape of Good Hope between April 1672 and 2 October 1672. He succeeded Governor Pieter Hackius after his death on 30 November 1671. Between Hackius's death and Breugel's appointment,the administration in the Cape was overseen by the Political Council.
Hendrik Crudop was a VOC official who also acted as commander at the Cape of Good Hope after the death of Commander Johan Bax van Herenthals in 1678 until the arrival of Simon van der Stel.
Johan Isaac Rhenius,Cape official and acting Governor of the Cape Colony between 1791 and 1792.
Daniël van den Henghel was a VOC official,fiscal and acting governor at the Cape.
Simon Hendrik Frijkenius,was a sailor,naval officer and Commissioner-General of the VOC.
Cornelis Jacob van de Graaff,Dutch engineer-officer and Cape Governor from 1785 to 1791.
References
- ↑ Theal, George McCall (1964). History of South Africa before 1795. C. Struik.
- ↑ Kooi, Christine (2000). Liberty and Relligion: Church and State in Leinden's Reformation, 1572-1620. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-11643-6.
- ↑ De Kock, W. J. (1968). Dictionary of South African biography: Vol I. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council. p. 340.
- 1 2 Theal, George McCall (2010-12-02). History and Ethnography of Africa South of the Zambesi, from the Settlement of the Portuguese at Sofala in September 1505 to the Conquest of the Cape Colony by the British in September 1795. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-02333-7.
- ↑ Hunt, John (2005). Dutch South Africa: Early Settlers at the Cape, 1652-1708. Troubador Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-904744-95-5.
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