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A potentially habitable exoplanet is a hypothetical type of planet that has liquid water and may support life. As of March 2020, a total of 55 potentially habitable exoplanets have been found. Of those, one is believed to be Sub-terran (Mars-size), 20 Terran (Earth-size) and 34 Super Terran. The main feature of potentially habitable exoplanets is that they have to be located in the habitable zone of their stellar systems.
Gliese 163 c or Gl 163 c is a potentially habitable exoplanet, orbiting within the habitable zone of M dwarf star Gliese 163.
HD 40307 g is an exoplanet candidate suspected to be orbiting in the habitable zone of HD 40307. It is located 42 light-years away in the direction of the southern constellation Pictor. The planet was discovered by the radial velocity method, using the European Southern Observatory's HARPS apparatus by a team of astronomers led by Mikko Tuomi at the University of Hertfordshire and Guillem Anglada-Escude of the University of Göttingen, Germany.
Kepler-62e is a super-Earth exoplanet discovered orbiting within the habitable zone of Kepler-62, the second outermost of five such planets discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. Kepler-62e is located about 990 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Lyra. The exoplanet was found using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. Kepler-62e may be a terrestrial or ocean-covered planet; it lies in the inner part of its host star's habitable zone.
Kepler-62f is a super-Earth exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the star Kepler-62, the outermost of five such planets discovered around the star by NASA's Kepler spacecraft. It is located about 990 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Lyra.
Kepler-442b is a confirmed near-Earth-sized exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting within the habitable zone of the K-type main-sequence star Kepler-442, about 1,206 light-years (370 pc) from Earth in the constellation of Lyra.
Kepler-296e is a confirmed Earth-sized exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of Kepler-296. The planet was discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. NASA announced the discovery of the exoplanet on 26 February 2014.
Kepler-445d is an exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf Kepler-445 every 8 days possibly in the circumstellar habitable zone. It has an equilibrium temperature of 305 K. PHL does not consider this planet potentially habitable.
Kepler-445c is an exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf star Kepler-445 every 5 days in the inner edge of the star's circumstellar habitable zone. PHL does not consider this planet potentially habitable.
Wolf 1061c is an exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the red dwarf star Wolf 1061 in the constellation Ophiuchus, about 13.8 light years from Earth, making it the fifth closest known, potentially habitable, and confirmed exoplanet to Earth, yielding interest from astronomers. It is the second planet in order from its host star in a triple planetary system, and has an orbital period of 17.9 days. Wolf 1061c is classified as a super-Earth exoplanet as its estimated radius is greater than 1.5 REarth.
K2-72e (also known by its EPIC designation EPIC 206209135.04), is a confirmed exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting within the habitable zone of the red dwarf star K2-72, the outermost of four such planets discovered in the system by NASA's Kepler spacecraft on its "Second Light" mission. It is located about 217.1 light-years (66.56 parsecs, or nearly 2.0538×1015 km) away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.
A Terrestrial Atmospheric Lens (TAL) is a theoretical method of using the Earth as a large lens with a physical effect called atmospheric refraction.
Exoplanet Explorers was a Zooniverse citizen science project aimed at discovering new exoplanets with Kepler data from the K2 mission. The project was launched in April 2017 and reached 26.281 registered volunteers. Two campaigns took place, the first one containing 148.061 images and the second one 56.794 images.
Tau Ceti f is a super-Earth or mini-Neptune orbiting Tau Ceti that was discovered in 2012 by statistical analyses of the star's variations in radial velocity, based on data obtained using HIRES, AAPS, and HARPS. It is of interest because its orbit places it in Tau Ceti's extended habitable zone, but a 2015 study implies that there may not be a detectable biosignature because it has only been in the temperate zone for less than one billion years.
Kepler-1649 is a red dwarf star of spectral type M5V with a radius 0.232 R☉, a mass 0.198 M☉, and a metallicity of -0.15 [Fe/H].
Professor Abel Méndez is a planetary astrobiologist and Director, at the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. His research focuses on the habitability of potentially habitable exoplanets. Méndez is also a NASA MIRS Fellow with research experience at NASA, and the Arecibo Observatory.
Kepler-1638 is a G-type main-sequence star located about 5,000 light years away in the constellation of Cygnus. One known exoplanet has been found orbiting the star: Kepler-1638b. This planet may be a potentially habitable super-Earth. As of January 2021, Kepler-1638 is the farthest star with a known potentially habitable exoplanet.
The CARMENES survey is a project to examine approximately 300 M-dwarf stars for signs of exoplanets with the CARMENES instrument on the Spanish Calar Alto's 3.5m telescope.
Gliese 1002 b is a potentially habitable exoplanet located 16 light years away, in the constellation of Cetus. It is one of the potentially habitable planets closest to Earth. The planet, which has an Earth SImilarity Index of 86%, is in the habitable zone of its parent star. Gliese 1002 b has an estimated mass of 1.08 Earth masses, 1.03 times the radius of Earth, an orbital period of 10.3 days, and a surface temperature of 261 Kelvin.
References
- ↑ "The Habitable Exoplanets Catalog - Planetary Habitability Laboratory @ UPR Arecibo". phl.upr.edu. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
- ↑ "NASA Astrobiology". astrobiology.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
- ↑ "A new search for extrasolar planets from the Arecibo Observatory". phys.org. Retrieved 2020-12-12.
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