The Playa Bristol is a beach in Mar del Plata, Argentina, named after the Bristol Hotel. At one time it was highly fashionable, drawing the elite of Buenos Aires for vacations.
Mar del Plata is an Argentine city in the southeast part of Buenos Aires Province located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the head of General Pueyrredón Partido. Mar del Plata is the second largest city in Buenos Aires Province. The name "Mar del Plata" has the meaning of "sea of the Plate region" or "adjoining sea to the (River) Plate region". Mar del Plata is one of the major fishing ports and the biggest seaside beach resort in Argentina. With a population of 614,350 as per the 2010 census [INDEC], it is the 7th largest city in Argentina.
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the South American continent's southeastern coast. "Buenos Aires" can be translated as "fair winds" or "good airs", but the former was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century, by the use of the original name "Real de Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre". The Greater Buenos Aires conurbation, which also includes several Buenos Aires Province districts, constitutes the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas, with a population of around 15.6 million.
In the mid-19th century the beach was the location of a small port. The rancher Patricio Peralta Ramos created the first settlement by the sea. The railway arrived in 1886, bringing the first vacationers. At first the hotels were simple, until the luxurious 3-story Bristol Hotel was built, occupying three blocks.[1] The Bristol opened in 1888, and was patronised by wealthy families of Buenos Aires and other parts of the country who would come to bathe in the sea.[2] Many of the leading citizens of Buenos Aires came to the opening of the Hotel Bristol by overnight train.[3] The first wooden ramblas (promenades) were opened, and the first residences began to be built.[1]
When Mar del Plata was declared a city in 1907 the resort was called the "Biarritz of Argentina". In 1913 the French rambla was opened, with ceramic pavements from Belgium, balustrades and Greco-Roman statues.[1] In the late 1920s wealthy families began to build chalets and mansions near the Hotel Bristol, and spent their days at the beach. They would live in Mar del Plata from November until Easter. The local citizens began to use the beach, calling their section the Playa Popular. Some of the wealthy visitors moved away to the Playa Chica and Playa Grande south of the city.[4]
More than eight hundred false killer whales beached themselves on the shores of Mar del Plata, mostly on the Playa Bristol, on the afternoon of 10 October 1946. They came in compact groups, and made no efforts to return to the water. Some people stabbed the animals, shot them or cut off their fins. A police guard was placed to stop this cruelty.[5] When the bodies began to decompose they were towed out to sea for 3 kilometres (1.9mi). The waves returned some bodies to the beach, and two of the skeletons were dissected.[5]
The false killer whale is a large oceanic dolphin that inhabits oceans worldwide but mainly frequents tropical regions. It was first described in 1846 as a species of porpoise based on a skull, which was revised when the first carcasses were observed in 1861. The name "false killer whale" comes from the similar skull characteristics to the killer whale.
Mar del Plata became a resort for Peronist "social tourism", no longer restricted to the wealthy. The French rambla was demolished in the 1940s. The Bristol Hotel has also been demolished. The casino and the present rambla were already being built.[1] The Gran Hotel Provincial and the Casino Central opened in 1950, the largest hotel in Argentina and the largest casino in the world at the time. They are an impressive complex of buildings along the Rambla Casino, which has a monumental staircase with stone sculptures of sea lions on each side.[6] Small traditional bars opened in the arcades of the Hotel Provincial and the Casino, many of them now gone.[1]
Over time the beach eroded until it became quite narrow. In 1999 new sand was brought in, and it is now almost 100 metres (330ft) from the promenade to the shore.[1]
Recent times (from 2000)
The beach is the most popular in Mar del Plata, mainly due to its proximity to the commercial centre of the city.[2] Playa Bristol and Plaza Colon, in front of the Casino Central, are the focus of the town for visitors.[7] Both the beach and the water often contain garbage such as plastic bottles or cigarette packages, although six tons of garbage are collected every day. There are two public washrooms. The beach covers 80,000 square metres (860,000sqft). In the high season there are 20,000 visitors each day. There is only a gentle surf, but many of the visitors swim. Four lifeguards rescue five people each day, on average. Visitors may rent a beach umbrella, have their picture taken or listen to free street musicians.[1]
"Playa Bristol", viajeros.com (in Spanish), retrieved 2016-08-09
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