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Assam is a state in northeastern India,south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys. Assam covers an area of 78,438 km2 (30,285 sq mi). It is the second largest state in northeastern India by area and the largest in terms of population,with more than 31 million inhabitants. The state is bordered by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the north;Nagaland and Manipur to the east;Meghalaya,Tripura,Mizoram and Bangladesh to the south;and West Bengal to the west via the Siliguri Corridor,a 22-kilometre-wide (14 mi) strip of land that connects the state to the rest of India. Assamese and Boro for Bodoland Territorial Region are the official languages of Assam. Meitei (Manipuri) is recognised as an additional official language in Hojai district and for the Barak Valley region,alongside Bengali,which is also an official language in the Barak Valley.
Assamese or Asamiya is an Indo-Aryan language spoken mainly in the north-eastern Indian state of Assam,where it is an official language. It serves as a lingua franca of the Northeast India from a long time,in Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland of India the Assamese language developed as a creole and pidgin language known as Nefamese and Nagamese creole which has became a lingua franca in Nagaland,it has over 15 million native speakers according to Ethnologue.
Bihu is of three types and it is an important cultural festival unique to the Indian state of Assam –'Rongali' or 'Bohag Bihu' observed in April,'Kongali' or 'Kati Bihu' observed in October or November,and 'Bhogali' or 'Magh Bihu' observed in January. The festivals present an admixture of Tibeto-Barman,Austroasiatic and Indo-Aryan traditions entwined so intricately that it is impossible to separate them—festivals which are uniquely Assamese to which all communities of Assam had contributed elements. The Rongali Bihu is the most important of the three,celebrating spring festival. The Bhogali Bihu or the Magh Bihu is a harvest festival,with community feasts. The Kongali Bihu or the Kati Bihu is the sombre,thrifty one reflecting a season of short supplies and is an animistic festival.
Northeast India,officially the North Eastern Region (NER),is the easternmost region of India representing both a geographic and political administrative division of the country. It comprises eight states—Arunachal Pradesh,Assam,Manipur,Meghalaya,Mizoram,Nagaland and Tripura,and the "brother" state of Sikkim.
The Assam Rifles (AR) is a central paramilitary force responsible for border security,counter-insurgency,and maintaining law and order in Northeast India and in Jammu &Kashmir in lines of Rashtriya Rifles. Its primary duty involves guarding the Indo-Myanmar border. The AR is one of the Oldest Central Para-military Forces of India administered by the Ministry of Home Affairs while operational control rests with Indian Army. As a central police force,its recruitment,perks,promotions,and retirement policies are governed by Assam Rifles Regulations. Approximately 80 percent of the officers are deputed from the Army,while the remaining are drawn from the AR cadre. The AR is commanded by the Director General of the Assam Rifles,appointed by the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Asom Gana Parishad is a political party in the state of Assam,India. The AGP was formed following the historic Assam Accord of 1985 and formally launched at the Golaghat Convention held from 13 to 14 October 1985 in Golaghat,which also allowed Prafulla Kumar Mahanta who was the youngest chief minister of the state to be elected. The AGP has formed government twice once in 1985 then again in 1996. The popularity of AGP surged in the late 1980s but declined in the 2000s. After a 20-year gap,AGP,in alliance with NDA,won a Lok Sabha seat in 2024.
Assam tea is a black tea named after Assam,India,the region of its production. It is manufactured specifically from the plant Camellia sinensis var. assamica (Masters). Assam's people tried to plant the Chinese varieties in Assam soil but did not succeed. Assam tea is now mostly grown at or near sea level and is known for its body,briskness,malty flavour,and strong,bright colour. Assam teas,or blends containing Assam tea,are often sold as "breakfast" teas. For instance,Irish breakfast tea,a maltier and stronger breakfast tea,consists of small-sized Assam tea leaves.
The Assam cricket team is a domestic cricket team represents the Indian state of Assam,run by the Assam Cricket Association. The team competes in the first-class Ranji Trophy tournament,limited-overs Vijay Hazare Trophy tournament and the Twenty20 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
Sarbananda Sonowal is an Indian politician who serving as 9th Minister of Ports,Shipping and Waterways since 2024. He also the Member of the Rajya Sabha representing Assam since 2021 and also a member of the Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs since 2021. He is the 14th Chief Minister of Assam from 2016 to 2021 and the former of Assam Legislative Assembly from Majuli from 2016 until he resigned in 2021 and from Moran constituency from 2001 to 2004. Sonowal earlier served as the Assam state unit President of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2012 to 2014 and again from 2015 to 2016. He has also served as the Minister of Sports and Youth Affairs,Government of India,from 2014 to 2016 and the Minister of State for Entrepreneurship and Skill Development from 2014 to 2014 and the member of the Lok Sabha from Lakhimpur from 2014 to 2016 and from Dibrugarh from 2004 to 2009. He was also the member of the Asom Gana Parishad from 2001 to 2011.
The Assamese people are a socio-ethnic linguistic identity that has been described at various times as nationalistic or micro-nationalistic. This group is often associated with the Assamese language,the easternmost Indo-Aryan language,and Assamese people mostly live in the Brahmaputra Valley region of Assam,where they are native and constitute around 56% of the Valley's population. The use of the term precedes the name of the language or the people. It has also been used retrospectively to the people of Assam before the term "Assamese" came into use. They are an ethnically diverse group formed after centuries of assimilation of Austroasiatic,Tibeto-Burman,Indo-Aryan and Tai populations,and constitute a tribal-caste continuum—though not all Assamese people are Hindus and ethnic Assamese Muslims numbering around 42 lakh (4,200,000) constitute a significant part of this identity. The total population of Assamese speakers in Assam is nearly 15.09 million which makes up 48.38% of the population of state according to the Language census of 2011.
The Assam Tribune is an Indian English daily newspaper published from Guwahati and Dibrugarh,Assam. With over 700,000 copies of current circulation and a readership of over 3 million,it is the highest circulated English daily in northeastern India. The newspaper was founded way back in 1939 in Gauhati.
The Economy of Assam is largely agriculture based with 69% of the population engaged in it.
The All India United Democratic Front is a political party active in the Indian state of Assam. It is the 3rd largest political party in Assam Legislative Assembly after BJP and INC.
The Assam Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Assam. It is housed in Dispur,the capital city of Assam,geographically situated in present Western Assam region. The Legislative Assembly comprises 126 Members of Legislative Assembly,directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is five years,unless sooner dissolved.
Assam separatist movements refers to a series of multiple insurgent and separatist movements that had been operated in the Northeast Indian state of Assam. The conflict started in the 1970s following tension between the native indigenous Assamese people and the Indian government over alleged neglect,political,social,cultural,economic issues and increased levels of illegal immigration from Bangladesh. The conflict has resulted in the deaths of 12,000 United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) militants and 18,000 others.
The Assam State Premier League (ASPL) is the state-level football league in the Indian state of Assam. It is the highest state-level football league in Assam organised by the Assam Football Association,currently contested by 8 clubs.
Himanta Biswa Sarma is an Indian politician and lawyer serving as the 15th and current Chief Minister of Assam since 2021. A former member of the Indian National Congress,Sarma joined the Bharatiya Janata Party on 23 August 2015 and soon was made convenor of NEDA. He is a five time Member of the Assam Legislative Assembly from Jalukbari,having been elected since 2001.
The first case of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Indian state of Assam was reported on 31 March 2020. As of 15 October 2024,the Government of Assam has confirmed a total of positive cases of COVID-19 including recoveries,three migrations and deaths in the state. The state's as well as northeast's largest city,Guwahati,has been worst affected by coronavirus.