Memphis, or Men-nefer, was the ancient capital of Inebu-hedj, the first nome of Lower Egypt that was known as mḥw ("North"). Its ruins are located in the vicinity of the present-day village of Mit Rahina, in markaz (county) Badrashin, Giza, Egypt. This modern name is probably derived from the late Ancient Egyptian name for Memphis mjt-rhnt meaning "Road of the Ram-Headed Sphinxes".
Ptah is an ancient Egyptian deity, a creator god and patron deity of craftsmen and architects. In the triad of Memphis, he is the husband of Sekhmet and the father of Nefertem. He was also regarded as the father of the sage Imhotep.
Saqqara, also spelled Sakkara or Saccara in English, is an Egyptian village in the markaz (county) of Badrashin in the Giza Governorate, that contains ancient burial grounds of Egyptian royalty, serving as the necropolis for the ancient Egyptian capital, Memphis. Saqqara contains numerous pyramids, including the Pyramid of Djoser, sometimes referred to as the Step Tomb, and a number of mastaba tombs. Located some 30 km (19 mi) south of modern-day Cairo, Saqqara covers an area of around 7 by 1.5 km.
Prince Khaemweset was the fourth son of Ramesses II and the second son by his queen Isetnofret. His contributions to Egyptian society were remembered for centuries after his death. Khaemweset has been described as "the first Egyptologist" due to his efforts in identifying and restoring historic buildings, tombs and temples.
Thamphthis is the hellenized name of an ancient Egyptian ruler (pharaoh) of the 4th Dynasty in the Old Kingdom, who may have ruled around 2500 BC under the name Djedefptah for between two and nine years. His original Egyptian name is lost, but it may have been Djedefptah or Ptahdjedef according to William C. Hayes. Thamphthis is one of the shadowy rulers of the Old Kingdom, since he is completely unattested in contemporary sources. For this reason, his historical figure is discussed intensely by historians and Egyptologists.
Ptah-Du-Auu was a nobleman and priest in ancient Egypt, who lived during the 4th dynasty. Ptah-Du-Auu was named after the god Ptah, whom he served.
The High Priest of Ptah was sometimes referred to as "the Greatest of the Directors of Craftsmanship". This title refers to Ptah as the patron god of the craftsmen.
Sabu called Ibebi was a High Priest of Ptah during the reigns of Kings Unas and Teti.
Sabu also called Tjety was the High Priest of Ptah in the Sixth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, around 2300 BC. Sabu is mainly known from the remains of his mastaba in Saqqara (E.3). The inscriptions on the fragment of a false door were copied in the 19th century and present part of a biography. The fragments are today in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Sabu bears several titles including: Greatest of the Directors of the Craftsmen in the two houses, chief lector priest, sole friend and count.
Sabu called Kem was High Priest of Ptah, probably during the reign of Pepi I. His precise titles include greatest of the directors of craftsmen belonging to the day of the festival of the Sun, priest of Sokar in the two houses and priest of Ptah.
Pahemnetjer(p3-ḥm-nṯr; "servant of the god", "priest") was a High Priest of Ptah during the reign of Ramesses II. Pahemnetjer succeeded Huy as High Priest of Ptah and was in turn succeeded by his son Didia.
Ranefer or Ranofer was a High Priest of Ptah, who lived at the beginning of the Fifth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. His name means "Ra is beautiful". His main title was "greatest of the directors of craftsmen belonging to the day of festival". This is a variation of the title normally assigned to the high priest of Ptah.
Shoshenq was a High Priest of Ptah during the 22nd Dynasty. Shoshenq was the eldest son of Osorkon II and Queen Karomama. He presided over the burial of the twenty-seventh Apis bull in Saqqara. For unknown reasons Shoshenq did not succeed to his father's throne and was buried in Memphis when Shoshenq III was king of Egypt. Shoshenq's tomb was found unplundered in 1942.
Hori was the High Priest of Ptah at the very end of the reign of Ramesses II. Hori succeeded Neferronpet in office.
The ancient Egyptian noble Prehotep II was Vizier in the latter part of the reign of Ramesses II, during the 19th Dynasty.
Isetnofret was an ancient Egyptian woman and daughter of the high priest of Ptah and king's son Khaemweset. She appears on two monuments close to her father. On a statue of Khaemweset found at Medinet Madi she is shown on the back pillar and called daughter of his body. On a relief found at Saqqara she is called his beloved daughter and king's daughter. Evidently she was not the daughter of a king, but was the granddaughter of king Ramses II, as Khaemweset was the son of the latter. Isetnofret was most likely buried at Saqqara close to a monument dedicated to Khaemweset. There a tomb was discovered with a huge limestone sarcophagus that is inscribed for the noble woman Isetnofret. The place of the tomb next to the building dedicated to Khaemwaset, makes it very likely that this is the burial of his daughter Isetnofret.
Wahtye was a high-ranking priest and official who served under King Neferirkare Kakai during the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt. Based on his skull, he was probably 35-years-old when he died.
Ptahshepses was an ancient Egyptian official at the end of the Fourth and the beginning of the Fifth Dynasty. His main title was that of a great one of the leaders of craftsmen, that in later periods is the main designation of the High Priest of Ptah.
Iyri was an ancient Egyptian priest in the function of a High Priest of Ptah, who was in office under king Seti II in the Egyptian Nineteenth Dynasty.
Impy with the good name Nikauptah was High Priest of Ptah at the end of the ancient Egyptian Old Kingdom or First Intermediate Period. He is mainly known from his tomb and from a statuette now in the Louvre. His main monument is his recently excavated tomb at Kom el-Khamaseen, a small cemetery near Saqqara, about 3 km west of the pyramid of Djedkare Izezi. Decorated blocks from his tomb chapel appeared around 2009 on the art market. The tomb itself was excavated in 2019 and 2021.
