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Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic,whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government,and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972 and has undergone seventeen amendments.
The Bangladesh Nationalist Party is one of the major political parties in Bangladesh. It was founded on 1 September 1978 by the late Bangladeshi president Ziaur Rahman,after the presidential election of 1978,with a view of uniting people with a nationalist ideology. Following Rahman's assassination in 1981,his widow,Khaleda Zia,took over leadership of the party and presided as chairperson until her imprisonment,in 2018. Since then,Tarique Rahman,the son of Rahman and Zia,has served as acting chairperson and has run the affairs of the party from London.
Khaleda Zia is a Bangladeshi politician who served as the prime minister of Bangladesh from March 1991 to March 1996,and again from June 2001 to October 2006. She was the first female prime minister of Bangladesh and second female prime minister in the Muslim world,after Benazir Bhutto. She is the widow of former president of Bangladesh Ziaur Rahman. She is the chairperson and leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) since 1984,which was founded by her late husband in 1978.
Hussain Muhammad Ershad was a Bangladeshi military officer and politician who served as the president of Bangladesh from 1983 to 1990,a time many consider to have been a military dictatorship.
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad,meaning national parliament,has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
The Jatiya Party is a centre-right,conservative,nationalist political party in Bangladesh and is currently the main opposition in the Jatiya Sangsad,against the Awami League. The current chairman of the party is Ghulam Muhammad Quader. On 3 January 2019,the party announced its decision to join the Bangladesh Awami League-led Grand Alliance after having been in opposition for the previous parliamentary term. However,the party backtracked the next day and announced that it intended to remain part of the opposition. Currently,it holds Rangpur out of Bangladesh's 12 city corporations.
Moudud Ahmed was a Bangladeshi lawyer and politician. He was a standing committee member of Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Ahmed was elected as a Jatiya Sangsad member total five times from Noakhali-1 and Noakhali-5 constituencies.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 27 February 1991. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) emerged as the largest party in parliament,winning 140 of the 300 directly elected seats. The BNP formed a government with the support of the Islamic party Jamaat-e-Islami,and on 20 March Khaleda Zia was sworn in for her first term as Prime Minister.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 3 March 1988. They were boycotted by several major parties,including the Bangladesh Awami League,the Bangladesh Nationalist Party,the Communist Party of Bangladesh,Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh,the Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League,the National Awami Party (Muzaffar) and the Workers Party of Bangladesh. The result was a victory for the Jatiya Party,which won 251 of the 300 seats. Voter turnout was 52.5%.
The history of Bangladesh (1971–present) refers to the period after the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan.
Ghulam Muhammed Quader,better known as GM Quader,is a Bangladeshi politician and the current chairperson of Jatiya Party. He is the incumbent Jatiya Sangsad member from the Lalmonirhat-3 constituency. He served as the Minister of Commerce and Minister of Civil Aviation and Tourism from 2009 to 2014.
Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury is a Bangladeshi politician who has served as the first female Speaker of the Jatiya Sangsad since April 2013. At 46 years of age,she became the youngest to assume the office. She was also the Chairperson of the Executive Committee of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association between 2014 and 2017. She previously served as the state minister of the Ministry of Women and Children Affairs of Bangladesh.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 30 December 2018 to elect 300 directly-elected members of the Jatiya Sangsad. The result was another landslide victory for the Awami League-led Grand Alliance led by Sheikh Hasina.
Begum Raushan Ershad is a Jatiya Party politician. She is the current Jatiya Sangsad member from the Mymensingh-4 constituency and the incumbent Leader of the Opposition in the 11th parliament. She is the Chief Patron of the Jatiya Party (Ershad) and the widow of former Bangladesh president Hussain Muhammad Ershad.
Ziauddin Ahmed Bablu was a Bangladeshi politician of the Jatiya Party and served as the Secretary General for two terms. He was a Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Chittagong-9 constituency at the 10th Jatiya Sangsad and the Chittagong-6 constituency at the 4th Jatiya Sangsad. He served as the Cabinet Minister for Energy during Ershad's regime in the 1980s. He was appointed an advisor to the Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in November 2013.
Merina Rahman is a Bangladeshi Jatiya Party politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from Reserved Women's Seat. She is the sister of former President of Bangladesh,Hussain Mohammad Ershad.
Salma Islam is a Bangladeshi lawyer,journalist,politician,and an MP from 11th parliament. She was an MP of Bangladesh Jatiya Sangsad representing the Dhaka-1 constituency. She served as state minister of the Bangladesh government for Ministry of Women and Children Affairs. She is the Member of Presidium as well as current chair of Dhaka of Jatiya Party (Ershad). She has been made the new chairman of Jamuna Group after the death of her husband and the conglomerate's founder chairman Nurul Islam Babul.
Zeenat Mosharraf is a Bangladesh Jatiya Party politician and the former Jatiya Sangsad member from the reserved women's seat 29.
Masuda M Rashid Chowdhury was a Jatiya Party (Ershad) politician and a Jatiya Sangsad member from a reserved seat during 2019–2021.
Nazma Akther is a Jatiya Party (Ershad) politician and a member of the Bangladesh Parliament from a reserved seat.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Dr Rabia Bhuiyan- The first female barrister of Bangladesh". Dhaka Tribune. 2019-01-25. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ↑ "The first female barrister of bangladesh -Dr Rabia Bhuiyan". weku.io. Retrieved 2020-11-08.
- ↑ "Bhuiyan Academy". www.bhuiyanacademyedu.com. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ↑ "List of 7th Parliament Members" (PDF). parliament.gov.bd. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ↑ "Landmark environmental law verdicts". The Daily Star. 2019-06-04. Retrieved 2020-11-08.
- ↑ "Is there a human right to water?". The Daily Star. 2019-10-22. Retrieved 2020-11-08.