A range table was a list of angles of elevation a particular artillery gun barrel needed to be set to, to strike a target at a particular distance with a projectile of a particular weight using a propellant cartridge of a particular weight. They were used for several centuries by field and naval gunners of all countries until gradually replaced by computerised fire-control systems beginning in World War II (1939–1945).
This gun used a standard "fixed" cartridge with 15 lb (6.8 kg) shell, hence a single set of tables applied to all its ammunition.
Different propellant charges were used to achieve required range, angle of descent and flight time. This is typical of mortars and howitzers.
(Provisional) Range Table For 3-Inch Stokes Mortar, Printed in September 1917. [1]
Cartridge : 95 gr (6.2 g) ballistite, reinforced with Charges : 5 grains, guncotton yarn
Rings : 110 gr (7.1 g), .3 mm flake cordite
Projectile : Bomb, 10 lb. 11 oz (4.85 kg)
| Cartridge Only | 1 Ring | 2 Rings | 3 Rings | 4 Rings | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range | Time of Flight | Range | Time of Flight | Range | Time of Flight | Range | Time of Flight | Range | Time of Flight | |
| degs | yds | secs | yds | secs | yds | secs | yds | secs | yds | secs |
| 45 | 240 | 7·1 | 420 | 9·6 | 550 | 11·6 | 660 | 13·2 | 800 | 15·0 |
| 50 | 233 | 7·6 | 411 | 10·4 | 538 | 12·5 | 649 | 14·3 | 780 | 16·2 |
| 52 | 228 | 7·8 | 404 | 10·7 | 530 | 12·9 | 639 | 14·7 | 767 | 16·6 |
| 54 | 222 | 8·0 | 395 | 10·9 | 518 | 13·2 | 626 | 15·1 | 748 | 17·0 |
| 56 | 215 | 8·2 | 384 | 11·2 | 503 | 13·5 | 608 | 15·4 | 726 | 17·4 |
| 58 | 207 | 8·4 | 371 | 11·4 | 486 | 13·8 | 589 | 15·8 | 701 | 17·8 |
| 60 | 197 | 8·5 | 357 | 11·7 | 467 | 14·1 | 567 | 16·1 | 672 | 18·2 |
| 61 | 193 | 8·6 | 349 | 11·8 | 457 | 14·3 | 554 | 16·3 | 656 | 18·4 |
| 62 | 187 | 8·7 | 340 | 11·9 | 445 | 14·4 | 542 | 16·4 | 640 | 18·5 |
| 63 | 182 | 8·8 | 332 | 12·0 | 434 | 14·5 | 528 | 16·6 | 623 | 18·7 |
| 64 | 176 | 8·8 | 323 | 12·1 | 422 | 14·6 | 514 | 16·7 | 605 | 18·8 |
| 65 | 170 | 8·9 | 313 | 12·2 | 409 | 14·8 | 499 | 16·9 | 586 | 19·0 |
| 66 | 164 | 9·0 | 303 | 12·3 | 396 | 14·9 | 483 | 17·0 | 567 | 19·1 |
| 67 | 158 | 9·0 | 292 | 12·4 | 383 | 15·0 | 468 | 17·1 | 547 | 19·2 |
| 68 | 152 | 9·1 | 281 | 12·5 | 369 | 15·1 | 451 | 17·2 | 526 | 19·4 |
| 69 | 145 | 9·2 | 270 | 12·5 | 354 | 15·2 | 434 | 17·4 | 505 | 19·5 |
| 70 | 138 | 9·2 | 259 | 12·6 | 339 | 15·3 | 416 | 17·5 | 483 | 19·6 |
| 71 | 131 | 9·2 | 247 | 12·7 | 324 | 15·4 | 398 | 17·6 | 460 | 19·7 |
| 72 | 124 | 9·3 | 235 | 12·8 | 308 | 15·5 | 379 | 17·7 | 437 | 19·8 |
| 73 | 117 | 9·3 | 223 | 12·9 | 292 | 15·5 | 360 | 17·8 | 413 | 19·9 |
| 74 | 109 | 9·4 | 210 | 12·9 | 275 | 15·6 | 340 | 17·9 | 389 | 20·0 |
| 75 | 102 | 9·4 | 197 | 13·0 | 259 | 15·7 | 320 | 18·0 | 364 | 20·1 |
The howitzer is an artillery weapon that falls between a cannon and a mortar. It is generally aimed lower than a mortar but higher than a cannon. With their long-range capabilities, howitzers can be used to great effect in a battery formation with other artillery pieces, such as long-barreled guns, mortars, and rocket artillery.
The 8.8 cm KwK 43 was an 88 mm 71-calibre-length tank gun designed by Krupp and used by the German Wehrmacht during the Second World War. It was mounted as the primary armament on the Panzerkampfwagen VI Ausf. B Tiger II. The 8.8 cm Pak 43, an anti-tank gun, was very similar in design but mounted on tank destroyers or deployed stand-alone on the field.
A mortar today is usually a simple, lightweight, man-portable, muzzle-loaded cannon, consisting of a smooth-bore metal tube fixed to a base plate with a lightweight bipod mount and a sight. Mortars are typically used as indirect fire weapons for close fire support with a variety of ammunition. Historically mortars were heavy siege artillery. Mortars launch explosive shells in high-arching ballistic trajectories.
The M252 81 mm medium weight mortar is a British-designed smooth bore, muzzle-loading, high-angle-of-fire weapon used for long-range indirect fire support to light infantry, air assault, and airborne units across the entire front of a battalion zone of influence. In the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps, it is normally deployed in the mortar platoon of an infantry battalion.
This article explains terms used for the British Armed Forces' ordnance (weapons) and ammunition. The terms may have different meanings depending on its usage in another country's military.
The L118 light gun is a 105 mm towed howitzer. It was originally designed and produced in the United Kingdom for the British Army in the 1970s. It has since been widely exported. The L119 and the United States Army's M119 are variants that use a different type of ammunition.
The M2 mortar is a 60 millimeter smoothbore, muzzle-loading, high-angle-of-fire weapon used by U.S. forces in World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War for light infantry support.
The Stokes mortar was a British trench mortar designed by Sir Wilfred Stokes KBE that was issued to the British and U.S. armies, as well as the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps, during the latter half of the First World War. The 3-inch trench mortar is a smooth-bore, muzzle-loading weapon for high angles of fire. Although it is called a 3-inch mortar, its bore is actually 3.2 inches or 81 mm.
The Newton 6-inch mortar was the standard British medium mortar in World War I from early 1917 onwards.
The 2 inch medium trench mortar, also known as the 2-inch howitzer, and nicknamed the "toffee apple" or "plum pudding" mortar, was a British smooth bore muzzle loading (SBML) medium trench mortar in use in World War I from mid-1915 to mid-1917. The designation "2-inch" refers to the mortar barrel, into which only the 22 in (560 mm) bomb shaft but not the bomb itself was inserted; the spherical bomb itself was actually 9 in (230 mm) in diameter and weighed 42 lb (19 kg), hence this weapon is more comparable to a standard mortar of approximately 5–6 in (130–150 mm) bore.
The PAW 600 was a lightweight anti-tank gun that used the high-low pressure system to fire hollow charge warheads. In 1945, it was used operationally by the Wehrmacht in small numbers. Only about 260 were produced before the war's end.
The 240 mm trench mortar, or Mortier de 240 mm, was a large calibre mortar of World War I. An original French design, it was developed by Batignolles Company of Paris and introduced in 1915.
The Ordnance BL 5-inch howitzer was initially introduced to provide the Royal Field Artillery with continuing explosive shell capability following the decision to concentrate on shrapnel for field guns in the 1890s.
The Mortier de 58 mm type 2 or Mortier de 58 mm T N°2, also known as the Crapouillot or "little toad" from its appearance, was the standard French medium trench mortar of World War I.
The BL 6-inch gun Marks II, III, IV and VI were the second and subsequent generations of British 6-inch rifled breechloading naval guns, designed by the Royal Gun Factory in the 1880s following the first 6-inch breechloader, the relatively unsuccessful BL 6-inch 80-pounder gun designed by Elswick Ordnance. They were originally designed to use the old gunpowder propellants but from the mid-1890s onwards were adapted to use the new cordite propellant. They were superseded on new warships by the QF 6-inch gun from 1891.
The ML 8-inch shell guns of 50 cwt, 54 cwt and 65 cwt were the three variants of British cast iron smoothbore muzzle-loading guns designed specifically to fire the new generation of exploding shells pioneered in the early to mid-nineteenth century by Henri-Joseph Paixhans.
The Mortier de 75 modèle 1915 Schneider was a French trench mortar designed and built by Schneider that saw action with the French and Belgian Army during the First World War.
The kleineGranatenwerfer 16 or Gr.W.16(Small Grenade Launcher Model 1916) in English, was an infantry mortar used by the Central Powers during the First World War. It was designed by a Hungarian priest named Father Vécer and was first used by the Austro-Hungarian Army in 1915. In Austro-Hungarian service, they received the nickname "Priesterwerfers". In 1916 Germany began producing a modified version under license for the Imperial German Army.
The Mortier de 58 T N°1 sometimes referred to as Lance Torpilles was an early French medium trench mortar of World War I. Built in small numbers it was a transitional type in the development of later French mortars.
The 24 cm schwerer LadungsWerfer Ehrhardt shortened to 24 cm sLW Ehrhardt,('24 cm heavy charge thrower Ehrhardt' in English) was a heavy mortar used by the Imperial German Army during the First World War.