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The Tower of London, officially His Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, which is separated from the eastern edge of the square mile of the City of London by the open space known as Tower Hill. It was founded toward the end of 1066 as part of the Norman Conquest. The White Tower, which gives the entire castle its name, was built by William the Conqueror in 1078 and was a resented symbol of oppression, inflicted upon London by the new Norman ruling class. The castle was also used as a prison from 1100 until 1952, although that was not its primary purpose. A grand palace early in its history, it served as a royal residence. As a whole, the Tower is a complex of several buildings set within two concentric rings of defensive walls and a moat. There were several phases of expansion, mainly under kings Richard I, Henry III, and Edward I in the 12th and 13th centuries. The general layout established by the late 13th century remains despite later activity on the site.
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References
- ↑ Martin Holmes; Major-General H. D. W. Sitwell (1972). The English Regalia: Their History, Custody and Display. H.M. Stationery Office. p. v. ISBN 978-0-1167-0407-8.
It would perhaps be appropriate at this stage to mention that the in 1967 the Jewel House in the Tower and the staff was increased and reorganised. The Officer-in-Charge is now also the Resident Governor - the two posts having been merged under the title of Resident Governor and Keeper of the Jewel House. He is an officer of the Royal House hold and is responsible, only as far a custody of the Crown Jewels in the Tower is concerned, to the Lord Chamberlain of the Royal Household who has had control of the Jewel House since 1782.
- ↑ "State Intelligence" (PDF). The London Gazette. 16 March 1971.
- ↑ "Obituary, Major-General Sir Digby Raeburn KCVO". The Telegraph. 12 December 2001.
- ↑ "Obituary, Major General Giles Mills". The Telegraph. 18 October 2011.
- 1 2 "State Intelligence" (PDF). The London Gazette. 25 July 1989.
- ↑ Edward Impey; Jeremy Ashbee (2008). The White Tower. Yale University Press. p. x. ISBN 978-0-300-11293-1.
- ↑ "Ex-Tower of London boss Keith Cima: 'Drug used to frame me'". BBC News. 4 August 2011.