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The European Free Alliance (EFA) is a European political party that consists of various regionalist,separatist and ethnic minority political parties in Europe. Member parties advocate either for full political independence and sovereignty,or some form of devolution or self-governance for their country or region. The alliance has generally limited its membership to progressive parties;therefore,only a fraction of European regionalist parties are members of the EFA.
The Left in the European Parliament –GUE/NGL is a left-wing political group of the European Parliament established in 1995. Before January 2021,it was named the European United Left/Nordic Green Left.
The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy is a conservative-liberal political party in the Netherlands. The VVD,whose forerunner was the Freedom Party,is a party of the centre-right,which promotes private enterprise and economic liberalism.
Christian Union –Reformed Political Party is a parliamentary common list for the European Parliament formed by two Dutch orthodox Protestant parties:the Christian Union and the Reformed Political Party. Both parties are eurosceptic and morally conservative,and each has candidates on the common list. The CU and SGP also regularly co-operate in municipal elections,often gaining above-average results in municipalities which form part of the Dutch Bible Belt.
Antonius Jozef Maria "Toine" Manders is a Dutch lawyer and politician who has served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 2019,previously holding a seat from 1999 to 2014.
Jan Zahradil is a Czech politician for the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) who has been Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since the Czech Republic entered the European Union in 2004. Zahradil also served as Member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP) from 1998 to 2004.
Syed Salah Kamall,Baron Kamall is a British politician and academic,who from September to October 2022 served in HM Government as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department for Digital,Culture,Media and Sport. He was previously Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Innovation at the Department of Health and Social Care (2021–22).
An election of Members of the European Parliament representing Netherlands constituency for the 1994–1999 term of the European Parliament was held on 9 June 1994. It was part of the wider 1994 European election. Eleven parties competed in a D'Hondt type election for 31 seats..
An election of Members of the European Parliament representing Netherlands constituency took place on 4 June 2009. Seventeen parties competed in a D'Hondt type election for the available 25 seats. For the first time,all Dutch residents of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba were also entitled to vote in the election.
The European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) is a soft Eurosceptic,anti-federalist political group of the European Parliament. The ECR is the parliamentary group of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party European political party (formerly known as the Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe or Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists,but also includes MEPs from four other European parties and thirteen MEPs without European party affiliation.
Gerben-Jan Gerbrandy is a Dutch politician who served as Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 until 2019. He is a member of Democrats 66,part of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.
Malik Azmani is a Dutch politician and former lawyer and civil servant. A member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD),which he led in the 2019 European Parliament election,he has served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since then. Azmani was first elected to the House of Representatives in 2010.
50PLUS is a political party in the Netherlands that advocates pensioners' interests with a centrist political line. The party was founded in 2009 by Maurice Koopman,Alexander Münninghoff and Jan Nagel. Since 2021,Martin van Rooijen has served as party leader.
An election of the Members of the European Parliament from the Netherlands was held on 22 May 2014. This is the 8th time the elections have been held for the European elections in the Netherlands.
Jan Huitema is a Dutch politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from the Netherlands since July 2014. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy,part of Renew Europe. He was reelected in 2019.
The Otten Group is a political party in the Netherlands. It was formed following an internal conflict between Henk Otten,former treasurer and board member of Forum for Democracy (FvD),and its leader Thierry Baudet. The party currently has two seats in the Senate.
Bert-Jan Ruissen is a Dutch politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from the Netherlands. He is a member of the Reformed Political Party (SGP),part of the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR).
Robert "Rob" Roos is a Dutch politician and a current independent Member of the European Parliament (MEP). He was a member of the JA21 political party from 2020-2023,after leaving the Forum for Democracy (FvD) in 2020.
