Sandra Day O'Connor is an American retired attorney and politician who served as the first female associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1981 to 2006. She was both the first woman nominated and the first confirmed to the court. Nominated by President Ronald Reagan,she was considered a swing vote for the Rehnquist Court and the first five months of the Roberts Court.
Robert Nelson Cornelius Nix Jr. served as the chief justice of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court from 1984 to 1996. Nix was the first African-American Chief Justice of any state's highest court,and the first African American to be elected to statewide office in Pennsylvania. He served as a justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania for 24 years,12 of which were as chief justice,and was a prominent figure in Pennsylvania law and public service for more than three decades.
Rose Elizabeth Bird was the 25th Chief Justice of the California Supreme Court. Her career was marked by firsts. She was the first female clerk of the Nevada Supreme Court,the first female deputy public defender in Santa Clara County,the first woman to serve in the California State Cabinet,and the first female Chief Justice of California.
John Glover Roberts Jr. is an American lawyer and jurist who has served as the 17th chief justice of the United States since 2005. He has been described as having a conservative judicial philosophy though is primarily an institutionalist. He has shown a willingness to work with the Supreme Court's liberal bloc,and,after the retirement of Anthony Kennedy in 2018,he has been regarded as the primary swing vote on the Court. However,Roberts is no longer regarded as the Court's median vote following the replacement of Ruth Bader Ginsburg by Amy Coney Barrett in 2020;Brett Kavanaugh is now considered to have this role.
Robert E. Lavender was an American judge who served as Justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court,serving from 1965 until 2007. He served as the Court's Chief Justice from 1979 to 1981. Lavender died on March 23,2020,at the age of 93.
The Arizona Supreme Court is the state supreme court of the U.S. state of Arizona. Sitting in the Supreme Court building in downtown Phoenix,the court consists of a chief justice,a vice chief justice,and five associate justices. Each justice is appointed by the governor of Arizona from a list recommended by a bipartisan commission. Justices stand for retention in an election two years after their appointment and then every six years. They must retire at age 70.
James E. Edmondson is a justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court. He was appointed to the Court's District 7 seat by Governor Brad Henry in 2003.
Ming William Chin is an American attorney and former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California,serving from March 1,1996 to August 31,2020.
Eric John Magnuson is an American lawyer in private practice. He was the Chief Justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court from 2008 to 2010.
Charles W. Daniels was a justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court from 2007 to 2018. He was first recommended by the New Mexico Judicial Nominating Commission and appointed by Governor Bill Richardson in October 2007,won election in the 2008 general election,and was retained for an additional eight-year term in his 2010 retention election. In 2010,he was selected by his fellow Justices to serve as chief justice for a two-year term and was elected Chief Justice again in 2016. He retired on December 31,2018.
Andrew David Hurwitz is a Senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. He served as a justice of the Arizona Supreme Court from 2003 to 2012.
Mark E. Recktenwald is the chief justice of the Supreme Court of Hawaii.
Lisa Stephens Neubauer is an American lawyer and judge,currently serving as a judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals in the Waukesha-based District II. Judge Neubauer has served on the Court of Appeals since 2007 and was chief judge from 2015 through 2021.
Arthur John Pelander III is a former justice of the Arizona Supreme Court.
Mark Steven Cady was an American jurist. He served on the Iowa Supreme Court for 21 years from 1998 to 2019. From 2011 to 2019,he was the chief justice of the court. He was the author of the court's opinion in Varnum v. Brien,which legalized same-sex marriage in Iowa.
William Scott Bales is the former Chief Justice of the Arizona Supreme Court. He was appointed to the court in 2005 by Governor Janet Napolitano through Arizona's merit selection system. He was elected by his fellow justices as Chief Justice of the Arizona Supreme Court,to replace Rebecca White Berch,effective June 27,2014. Bales served as Arizona's chief justice until July 31,2019.
Ann A. Scott Timmer is a justice of the Arizona Supreme Court currently serving as Vice Chief Justice.
Robert French Utter was an American attorney and jurist from Washington. He served as a King County Superior Court judge from 1964 until his appointment to the Washington Court of Appeals in 1968. In 1971 he was appointed to the Washington Supreme Court,where he served for 23 years,including two years as the chief justice. Utter is known for his opposition to the death penalty. He dissented in two dozen cases on capital punishment while on the court and resigned in 1995 in protest of it. After resigning from the court,Utter taught the first state constitutional law course in Washington State at the University of Puget Sound School of Law and traveled around the world to help developing nations create independent judiciaries. He died in 2014.
Andrew W. Gould is a former justice of the Arizona Supreme Court. He assumed office in 2016 and began his second term on January 4,2021,having been retained to the Arizona Supreme Court on November 3,2020,with 68.1% of the vote. On March 12,2021,Gould announced his retirement from the court,effective April 1,2021.
Gary K. Nelson was an American lawyer,politician,and jurist who served as the Attorney General of Arizona from 1968 to 1974. Appointed to the court of appeals,Nelson is the only appellate judge in Arizona history to not be retained by the voters.
