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Western Sahara is a disputed territory on the northwest coast and in the Maghreb region of North and West Africa. About 20% of the territory is controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR); the remaining 80% of the territory is occupied and administered by neighboring Morocco. It has a surface area of 266,000 square kilometres (103,000 sq mi). It is the second most sparsely populated country in the world and the most sparsely populated in Africa, mainly consisting of desert flatlands. The population is estimated at just over 500,000, of which nearly 40% live in Laayoune, the largest city in Western Sahara.
All data about demographic information regarding Western Sahara are extremely error-prone, regardless of source. Most countries take censuses every ten years, and some every five in order to stay abreast of change and miscounts; the last count was conducted in 1970, and even that data by colonial Spain is considered unreliable due to large nomadic populations.
The Sahrawis, or Saharawi people, are an ethnic group and nation native to the western part of the Sahara desert, which includes the Western Sahara, southern Morocco, much of Mauritania, and along the southwestern border of Algeria. They are of mixed Berber, Arab and Black African descent.
Sahrawi Youth Union, also known as UJSARIO, is the youth organization of the Polisario Front.
The National Union of Sahrawi Women is the women's wing of the Polisario Front. It was created in 1974, and claims to have 10,000 members, divided between the Sahrawi refugee camps, the Liberated territories, the Moroccan-occupied part of Western Sahara and the Sahrawi diaspora.
Sahrawi Trade Union, also known as UGTSARIO, is the labor organization of the Polisario Front.
Tifariti is an oasis town located in north-eastern Western Sahara, east of the Moroccan Berm, 138 km (86 mi) from Smara and 15 km (9 mi) north of the border with Mauritania. It is part of what Polisario Front calls the Liberated Territories and Morocco call the Buffer Zone. It has been the de facto temporary capital of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic since the government moved there in 2008 from Bir Lehlou. It is the headquarters of the 2nd military region of the SADR.
The Government of Morocco sees Western Sahara as its Southern Provinces. The Moroccan government considers the Polisario Front as a separatist movement given the alleged Moroccan origins of some of its leaders.
Anne Griswold Tyng was an architect and professor. She is best known for having collaborated for 29 years with Louis Kahn at his practice in Philadelphia. She served as a professor at the University of Pennsylvania for 27 years, teaching classes in morphology. She was a fellow of the American Institute of Architects and an Academician of the National Academy of Design. She is the first woman licensed as an architect by the state of Pennsylvania.
The foreign relations of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) are conducted by the Polisario Front, which maintains a network of representation offices and embassies in foreign countries.
The Sahrawi refugee camps in Tindouf, Algeria, are a collection of refugee camps set up in the Tindouf Province, Algeria in 1975–76 for Sahrawi refugees fleeing from Moroccan forces, who advanced through Western Sahara during the Western Sahara War. With most of the original refugees still living in the camps, the situation is among the most protracted in the world.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic:
Mariem Hassan was a Sahrawi singer and lyricist from Western Sahara. She usually sang in Hassaniyya, an Arabic dialect spoken mostly in Western Sahara and Mauritania, and occasionally in Spanish. Her use of the Spanish language was related to the former status of Western Sahara as a Spanish colony.
Janise Yntema is an American painter working in the ancient wax encaustic technique. Yntema was born in New Jersey and attended Parsons School of Design and the Art Students League of New York. She has had solo exhibitions in New York and throughout the United States as well as London, Amsterdam and Brussels. Her works are in the collections of several museums in Europe and the United States, including the Museum of Modern Art and Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Aziza Brahim is a Sahrawi singer and actress.
The Gdeim Izik protest camp was a protest camp in Western Sahara, established on 9 October 2010 and lasting into November that year, with related incidents occurring in the aftermath of its dismantlement on 8 November. The primary focus of the protests was against "ongoing discrimination, poverty and human rights abuses against local citizens".
Mexico–Sahrawi Republic relations are the current and historical relations between Mexico and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR). Mexico recognized the SADR on 8 September 1979.
The SahrawiArab Democratic Republic, also known as Western Sahara, is a partially recognized state, recognised by 45 UN member states, located in the western Maghreb, which claims the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara, but controls only the easternmost one-fifth of that territory. Between 1884 and 1975, Western Sahara was known as Spanish Sahara, a Spanish colony. The SADR is one of the two African states in which Spanish is a significant language, the other being Equatorial Guinea.
Chrysanne Stathacos is a Canadian American multidisciplinary artist. Her work has encompassed print, textile, performance and conceptual art. Stathacos is heavily involved with and influenced by feminism, Greek Mythology, eastern spirituality and Tibetan Buddhism, all of which inform her current artistic practice.
Legislative elections were held in the Sahrawi Republic on 8–9 March 2020 to elect 52 of the 53 members of the Sahrawi National Council, the unicameral parliament of the SADR. More than 100,000 Sahrawis were registered to vote, with 145 candidates contesting the elections.
References
- ↑ "Kahn, Robin". Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ↑ Schaffner, Ingrid. "Ingrid Schaffner on Robin Kahn". Art Forum. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ↑ Kahn, Robin (1995). Time capsule : a concise encyclopedia by women artists. New York: Creative Time in cooperation with SOS Int'l. ISBN 1881616339.
- ↑ Kahn, Robin (2005). The intelligent woman's guide to art : an essay designed to point out the basic things one should look for in order to appraise intelligently and fully appreciate whatever paintings one may see : prepared for distribution to the General Federation of Women. New York: Mis Dias Press. ISBN 978-1933045375.
- ↑ "Robin Kahn: The Intelligent Woman's Guide to Art - ARTBOOK". Distributed Art Publishers, Inc. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ↑ Kahn, Robin (2010). Dining in refugee camps : the art of Sahrawi cooking = Cenando en los campamentos de refugiados : un libro de cocina saharaui. Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia. ISBN 1570272158.
- ↑ "Robin Kahn". The Collective Eye (in German). Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ↑ "Robin Kahn". Creative Time Reports. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ↑ "Robin Kahn". NMWA Library & Research Center. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
