Rotki

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Rotki
Village
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Rotki
Coordinates: 52°28′25″N22°36′06″E / 52.473728°N 22.60177°E / 52.473728; 22.60177 Coordinates: 52°28′25″N22°36′06″E / 52.473728°N 22.60177°E / 52.473728; 22.60177
Country Flag of Poland.svg  Poland
Voivodeship Podlaskie
County Siemiatycze
Gmina Drohiczyn

Rotki [ˈrɔtki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Drohiczyn, within Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. [1]

Village Small clustered human settlement smaller than a town

A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town, with a population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighborhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement.

Gmina Drohiczyn is an urban-rural gmina in Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Drohiczyn, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Siemiatycze and 87 km (54 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.

Siemiatycze County County in Podlaskie, Poland

Siemiatycze County is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Siemiatycze, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Drohiczyn, lying 15 km (9 mi) west of Siemiatycze.

World War II

During German occupation of Poland, the Nazis set up a stone quarry in Rotki for the purpose of slave labor by the Polish Jews from the Łomża Ghetto. About three hundred people worked in it, before they were shipped to Auschwitz for extermination in November 1942. [2]

Following the re-emergence of sovereign Poland after World War I and during the interwar period the number of Jews in the country grew rapidly. According to the Polish national census of 1921, there were 2,845,364 Jews living in the Second Polish Republic; by late 1938 that number had grown by over 16 percent, to approximately 3,310,000, mainly through migration from Ukraine and the Soviet Russia. The average rate of permanent settlement was about 30,000 per annum. At the same time, every year around 100,000 Jews were passing through Poland in unofficial emigration overseas. Between the end of the Polish–Soviet War of 1919 and late 1938, the Jewish population of the Republic grew by nearly half a million, or over 464,000 persons. Jews preferred to live in relatively tolerant Poland rather than in the USSR, and continued to integrate, to marry into Polish Gentile families, to bring them into their community through marriage, to feel Polish and to form an important part of Polish society. Between 1933 and 1938, around 25,000 German Jews fled Nazi Germany to sanctuary in Poland.

Łomża Place in Podlaskie, Poland

Łomża is a city in north-eastern Poland, approximately 150 kilometres to the north-east of Warsaw and 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Białystok. It is situated alongside the Narew river as part of the Podlaskie Voivodeship since 1999. Previously, it was the capital of the Łomża Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998. It is the capital of Łomża County and has been the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Łomża since 1925.

Łomża Ghetto

The Łomża Ghetto was a World War II ghetto created by Nazi Germany on 12 August 1941 in Łomża, Poland; for the purpose of persecution of Polish Jews. Two months after the German attack on the Soviet positions in north-eastern Poland, the Jews were ordered to move there in a single day, resulting in panic at the main entry on ul. Senatorska adjacent to the Old Market. The number of Jewish men, women, and children forced into the ghetto ranged from 10,000 to 18,000. The survivors of the anti-Jewish in Jedwabne pogrom, Stawiski, Wizna, and Rutki-Kossaki as well as refugees from other locales were interned in the ghetto. Often, six families were housed there in a single room. The Ghetto was liquidated a year-and-a-half later on 1 November 1942, when all prisoners were transported aboard Holocaust trains to Auschwitz for extermination.

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References

  1. ↑ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) – TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
  2. ↑ Qiryat Tiv'on, "Lomza from its beginnings," translated from Yiddish by Stan Goodman, original published by Pinkas haKehilot branch of Yad Vashem, Israel


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