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An individual time trial (ITT) is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against the clock. There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes, and team time trials (TTT). ITTs are also referred to as "the race of truth", as winning depends only on each rider's strength and endurance, and not on help provided by teammates and others riding ahead and creating a slipstream. Individual time trial are usually held on flat or rolling terrain, although sometimes they are held up a mountain road. Sometimes the opening stage of a stage race is a very short individual time trial called a prologue.
A time trialist is a road bicycle racer who can maintain high speeds for long periods of time, to maximize performance during individual or team time trials. The term cronoman, or chronoman, is also used to refer to a time trialist.
Road bicycle racing is the cycle sport discipline of road cycling, held primarily on paved roads. Road racing is the most popular professional form of bicycle racing, in terms of numbers of competitors, events and spectators. The two most common competition formats are mass start events, where riders start simultaneously and race to a set finish point; and time trials, where individual riders or teams race a course alone against the clock. Stage races or "tours" take multiple days, and consist of several mass-start or time-trial stages ridden consecutively.
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race.
Beryl Burton, OBE was an English racing cyclist who dominated the women's sport, winning more than 90 domestic championships and seven world titles, and setting numerous national records. She set a women's record for the 12-hour time-trial which exceeded the men's record for two years.
This is a glossary of terms and jargon used in cycling, mountain biking, and cycle sport.
The 1976 Tour de France was the 63rd edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took between 24 June and 18 July, with 22 stages covering a distance of 4,017 km (2,496 mi). It was won by mountain specialist Lucien Van Impe in a battle with the previous winner Bernard Thévenet and Joop Zoetemelk. Zoetemelk won three high mountain stages including Alpe d'Huez and Puy-de-Dôme but this Tour became known for when the young directeur sportif of Van Impe, Cyrille Guimard, threatened to run Van Impe off the road with the Team Car if he didn't attack. Van Impe then attacked and won the Tour.
Michael Barry is a Canadian author and former professional road racing cyclist. Barry raced for numerous world-class teams with the role of 'domestique'. His greatest personal successes were placing eighth in the 2008 Beijing Olympics' road race, finishing second in the Canadian National Road Race Championships in 2001 and 2012, and winning a stage of the Tour of Missouri in 2008. He announced his retirement in September 2012, stating that the 2012 Tour of Beijing would be his last race. He is also an author who has written three books.
Sharon Laws was a British professional cyclist and environmental consultant.
Emma Jane Pooley is a British-Swiss athlete in multiple sports. A former professional cyclist who specialised in time trials and hilly races, she later transferred to endurance running, duathlon and triathlon, and was four-times world champion in long-distance duathlon. She competes in long-distance and uphill mountain running and has represented Switzerland at the world trailrunning championships.
Richard Moore was a Scottish journalist, author, podcaster, and racing cyclist.
Rossella Ratto is an Italian former racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2012 and 2021 for seven different teams.
Silvia Valsecchi is an Italian former racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2002 and 2021 for the Itera Team, Top Girls–Fassa Bortolo and Bepink. She competed in the 2013 UCI women's team time trial in Florence.
Yves Lampaert is a Belgian professional road racing cyclist, who rides for UCI WorldTeam Soudal–Quick-Step.
Tom Bohli is a Swiss professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Tudor Pro Cycling Team. He rode at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. In May 2019, he was named in the startlist for the 2019 Giro d'Italia.
Nicholas Dlamini is a South African cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Team Qhubeka NextHash.
Marlen Reusser is a Swiss racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam SD Worx.
Gabriel Rowan Cullaigh is a British professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Saint Piran.
Rozemarijn Ammerlaan is a Dutch former racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Women's Continental Team AG Insurance–Soudal–Quick-Step. She won the junior women's time trial event at the 2018 UCI Road World Championships. Ammerlaan retired from competition at the end of 2021.
Pfeiffer Zara Georgi is an English professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's WorldTeam Team DSM–Firmenich. She won the 2021 British National Road Race Championships.
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