Related Research Articles
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) characters have been depicted in video games since the 1980s. Throughout the history of video games, LGBTQ characters have been almost nonexistent for a long time, reflecting the overall heteronormativity of the medium. While there has been a trend towards greater representation of LGBTQ people in video games, they are frequently identified as LGBTQ in secondary material, such as comics, rather than in the games themselves. Often, LGBTQ characters and themes, when they are included, are underrepresented, minimized, or watered down. Queer games and characters have also often found themselves being the subjects of cultural crossfires or moral panics. In 2018, Sam Greer of GamesRadar+ found only 179 games commercially released games with any LGBTQ representation, only 83 of which have queer characters who are playable characters, and only 8 of those games feature a main character who is pre-written as queer as opposed to them being queer as an option.
American singer and actress Madonna is recognized as a gay icon. She was introduced, while still a teenager, by her dance instructor, Christopher Flynn, an openly gay man who mentored her. Since then, Madonna has always acknowledged the importance of the community for her life and career, declaring that she "wouldn't have a career if it weren't for the gay community".
A gay icon is a public figure who is regarded as a cultural icon by members of the LGBT community. Such figures usually have a devoted LGBT fanbase and act as allies to the LGBT community, often through their work, or they have been "openly appreciative of their gay fanbase". Many gay icons also have a camp aesthetic style, which is part of their appeal to LGBT individuals.
LGBT representation in children's television is representation of LGBT topics, themes, and people in television programming meant for children. LGBT representation in children's programming was often uncommon to non-existent for much of television's history up to the 2010s, but has significantly increased since then.
LGBTQ representation in hip hop music has existed since the birth of the genre even while enduring blatant discrimination. Due to its adjacency to disco, the earliest days of hip hop had a close relation to LGBT subcultures, and multiple LGBT DJs have played a role in popularizing hip hop. Since the early 2000s there has been a flourishing community of LGBTQ+ hip hop artists, activists, and performers breaking barriers in the mainstream music industry. Despite this early involvement, hip hop has long been portrayed as one of the least LGBT-friendly genres of music, with a significant body of the genre containing homophobic views and anti-gay lyrics, with mainstream artists such as Eminem and Tyler, the Creator having used casual homophobia in their lyrics, including usages of the word faggot. Attitudes towards homosexuality in hip hop culture have historically been negative, with slang that uses homosexuality as a punchline such as "sus", "no homo", and "pause" being heard in hip hop lyrics from some of the industry's biggest artists.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) affirming denominations in Judaism are Jewish religious groups that welcome LGBTQ members and do not consider homosexuality to be a sin. They include both entire Jewish denominations, as well as individual synagogues. Some are composed mainly of non-LGBT members and also have specific programs to welcome LGBT people, while others are composed mainly of LGBT members.
Historically, the portrayal of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people in media has been largely negative if not altogether absent, reflecting a general cultural intolerance of LGBTQ individuals; however, from the 1990s to present day, there has been an increase in the positive depictions of LGBTQ people, issues, and concerns within mainstream media in North America. The LGBTQ communities have taken an increasingly proactive stand in defining their own culture, with a primary goal of achieving an affirmative visibility in mainstream media. The positive portrayal or increased presence of the LGBTQ communities in media has served to increase acceptance and support for LGBT communities, establish LGBTQ communities as a norm, and provide information on the topic.
LGBTQ+ media or gay media refers to media whose primary target audience is members of the LGBTQ community. Secondary targets are LGBTQ+ allies, and in some instances those who oppose gay rights may be targeted as a form of activism. Gay or queer media can also be defined as web sites, films, magazines and other cultural products that were created by queer individuals, or groups that are typically out, meaning that they are public or open about their identity. LGBTQ creators do not always include LGBTQ themes or issues in the media that they produce, but there are often at least subtle references to queerness in these media.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer+(LGBTQ+)music is music that focuses on the experiences of gender and sexual minorities as a product of the broad gay liberation movement.
The LGBT community in Metro Detroit is centered in Ferndale, Michigan, as of 2007. As of 1997, many LGBT people live in Ferndale, Pleasant Ridge, and Royal Oak. Model D stated in 2007 that there are populations of gays and lesbians in some Detroit neighborhoods such as East English Village, Indian Village, Lafayette Park, and Woodbridge and that the concentration of gay bars in Detroit is "decentralized".
Queerbaiting is a marketing technique for fiction and entertainment in which creators hint at, but do not depict, same-sex romance or other LGBTQ+ representation. The purpose of this method is to attract ("bait") a queer or straight ally audience with the suggestion or possibility of relationships or characters that appeal to them, while not alienating homophobic members of the audience or censors by actually portraying queer relationships.
The following outline offers an overview and guide to LGBTQ topics:
Victoria Clarke is a UK-based chartered psychologist and an Associate Professor in Qualitative and Critical Psychology at the University of the West England, Bristol. Her work focuses on qualitative psychology and critical psychology, and her background and training is in the fields of women studies, feminist psychology, LGBTQ psychology, and qualitative methods. She is particularly known for her ongoing collaboration with Professor Virginia Braun around qualitative methods. Braun and Clarke developed a widely cited approach to thematic analysis in 2006 and have published extensively around thematic analysis since then. They have also collaborated on an award-winning qualitative research textbook and more recently have published around the qualitative story completion method with the Story Completion Research Group.
Strong Voices TV (SVTV) Network is a subscription-based television network for content about the LGBT community, its allies and advocates. It features videos, movies, films, podcasts, music, and video games from members of the LGBT community. It licenses and produces genres including series, movies, documentaries, podcasts, music, reality series, short films, news, sports, live streaming events, and soon LGBT animation. Along with featuring media products produced by others, SVTV Network produces its own original series and content. The subscription-based network was started by Sheri Johnson, a full-time seventh-grade teacher and creator of the web series “StudvilleTV”.
Lindsay Amer is an American LGBTQ+ activist and YouTuber. Amer created and hosts Queer Kid Stuff, a YouTube channel directed at children and focused on LGBT issues. Amer has been recognized by GLAAD, the TED Conference, and the Webby Awards for their work relating to LGBT education and advocacy.
Rigel Gemini is the stage name of Rigel Cable, a queer, non-binary music artist known for his songs entitled "I Can't", "It's The -- For Me", "Coffee In My Cup", and "Gorgeois". His music videos have included queer and trans entertainers, including Gia Gunn and Alyssa Edwards in "I Can't", Gia Gunn in "It's The -- For Me", Ts Madison in "Coffee In My Cup, and Plastique Tiara and Heidi N Closet in "Gorgeois". He released his first album "MELT" in 2021. His music video for "I Can't" was removed from YouTube and re-released.
In Western animation, LGBTQ themes means plotlines and characters which are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or otherwise queer in series, produced in Western countries, and not in Japan, which can also have similar themes. Early examples included Bugs Bunny in drag, wearing a wig and a dress, as a form of comedy, or episodes of Tom & Jerry, under restrictive moral guidelines like the Hays Code with some arguing that animation has "always had a history of queerness." This later evolved into gay-coded characters in Disney films like Beauty and the Beast and The Little Mermaid, and in animated series such as The Simpsons and South Park. In later years, other series would more prominently depict same-sex characters and relationships. This would include Adventure Time, Steven Universe, The Legend of Korra, Gravity Falls, Clarence, The Loud House, and Arthur. Such series, and others, have encountered roadblocks, with series creators attempting to make their programs "more welcoming of different characters," and ensure all-ages animation is no longer "bereft of queer characters." Previously, an online database, by Insider, documented over 250 LGBTQ characters in children's animation dating back to 1983, but the "representation of overtly queer characters" skyrocketed from 2010 to 2020, with promotion of these series by some streaming platforms, while other companies were not supportive of overt representation, for one reason or another.
Ash Hardell is an American author and YouTuber.
References
- 1 2 "About @HeyRowanEllis". YouTube.
- 1 2 3 Watson, Libby (17 March 2017). "YouTube's Restricted Mode Is Hiding Some LGBT Content". Gizmodo . Retrieved 1 January 2025.
- 1 2 Shu, Catherine (19 March 2017). "YouTube responds to complaints that its Restricted Mode censors LGBT videos". TechCrunch . Retrieved 1 January 2025.
- 1 2 3 Anderson, Cade (27 March 2021). "A YouTuber for All LGBTQ+ Film Geeks: Rowan Ellis". Daily Utah Chronicle . Retrieved 1 January 2025.
- ↑ "Content creators speak out against YouTube's 'ad-friendly' censoring". Eagle News. 16 September 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2025.
- ↑ Maurer, Layla G. (2022). "Cyber-Silencing the Community: YouTube, Divino Group, and Reimagining Section 230". Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts. 17 (2): 177.
- 1 2 Monea, Alexander (2022). "Overblocking". The Digital Closet: How the Internet Became Straight. MIT Press. ISBN 9780262046770.
- ↑ Bishop, Sophie (2018). "Anxiety, panic and self-optimization". Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies. 24 (1): 71. doi:10.1177/1354856517736978.
- ↑ Glatt, Zoë; Banet-Weiser, Sarah (2021). "Productive Ambivalence, Economies of Visibility, and the Political Potential of Feminist YouTubers". In Cunningham, Stuart; Craig, David (eds.). Creator Culture: An Introduction to Global Social Media Entertainment. New York University Press. p. 53. doi:10.18574/nyu/9781479890118.003.0006. ISBN 9781479879304.
- ↑ Mintierio, Luci (2021). "Personal Reflection on 'Boy Crazy: A Screenplay About Gay Fanfiction, Queerbaiting, and Asexual Identity'". WWU Honors Program Senior Projects (441): 13.
- ↑ Toudic, May (2022). "Queering History: Anne of Green Gables, Literary Re-vision and the LGBTQ+ Community" (PDF). Emergence. 12. ISSN 2041-8248.
- ↑ Mintierio, Luci (2021). "Personal Reflection on 'Boy Crazy: A Screenplay About Gay Fanfiction, Queerbaiting, and Asexual Identity'". WWU Honors Program Senior Projects (441): 12.
- ↑ Beards, Lilly F. (2021). "Curated Bliss: What the rise of cottagecore says about lesbian domestic trauma". Academia.edu.
