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An index fund is a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund (ETF) designed to follow certain preset rules so that the fund can track a specified basket of underlying investments. While index providers often emphasize that they are for-profit organizations, index providers have the ability to act as "reluctant regulators" when determining which companies are suitable for an index. Those rules may include tracking prominent indexes like the S&P 500 or the Dow Jones Industrial Average or implementation rules, such as tax-management, tracking error minimization, large block trading or patient/flexible trading strategies that allow for greater tracking error but lower market impact costs. Index funds may also have rules that screen for social and sustainable criteria.
Franklin Resources, Inc. is an American multinational holding company that, together with its subsidiaries, is referred to as Franklin Templeton; it is a global investment firm founded in New York City in 1947 as Franklin Distributors, Inc. It is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol BEN, in honor of Benjamin Franklin, for whom the company is named, and who was admired by founder Rupert Johnson Sr. In 1973, the company's headquarters moved from New York to San Mateo, California. As of October 12, 2020, Franklin Templeton held US$1.4 trillion in assets under management (AUM) on behalf of private, professional and institutional investors.
Asset allocation is the implementation of an investment strategy that attempts to balance risk versus reward by adjusting the percentage of each asset in an investment portfolio according to the investor's risk tolerance, goals and investment time frame. The focus is on the characteristics of the overall portfolio. Such a strategy contrasts with an approach that focuses on individual assets.
A stock fund, or equity fund, is a fund that invests in stocks, also called equity securities. Stock funds can be contrasted with bond funds and money funds. Fund assets are typically mainly in stock, with some amount of cash, which is generally quite small, as opposed to bonds, notes, or other securities. This may be a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund. The objective of an equity fund is long-term growth through capital gains, although historically dividends have also been an important source of total return. Specific equity funds may focus on a certain sector of the market or may be geared toward a certain level of risk.
William H. Miller III is an American investor, fund manager, and philanthropist. He served as the chairman and chief investment officer of Legg Mason Capital Management as well as the principal portfolio manager of the Legg Mason Capital Management Value Trust. He is the portfolio manager of the former Legg Mason Opportunity Trust mutual funds, now housed at his own firm Miller Value Partners.
T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. is an American publicly owned global investment management firm that offers funds, subadvisory services, separate account management, and retirement plans and services for individuals, institutions, and financial intermediaries. The firm has assets under management of more than $1.6 trillion and annual revenues of $6.2 billion as of 2020, placing it 447 on the Fortune 500 list of the largest U.S. companies. Headquartered at 100 East Pratt Street in Baltimore, Maryland, it has 5,000 employees in Baltimore and 16 international offices serving clients in 47 countries.
Thomas Rowe Price Jr. was the founder of T. Rowe Price, an American publicly owned investment firm, established in 1937 and headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland. The company offers mutual funds, subadvisory services, and separate account management for individuals, institutions, retirement plans, and financial intermediaries. Along with Philip Fisher, Price was an early proponent of the growth investing strategy.
Dimensional Fund Advisors, L.P. is a private investment firm headquartered in Austin, Texas. Dimensional was founded in Chicago in 1981 by David Booth, Rex Sinquefield and Larry Klotz. The company has affiliates within 13 offices in the U.S., Canada, U.K., Germany, Netherlands, Australia, Singapore, and Japan. Dimensional maintains U.S. offices in Charlotte, North Carolina and Santa Monica, California and has affiliate offices globally. The company is owned by its employees, board members and outside investors.
Otis "Mason" Hawkins is an American value investor and the founder, chairman, and Chief Executive Officer of Southeastern Asset Management, Inc. In 1975, Hawkins founded Southeastern Asset Management, a $35 billion employee-owned, global investment management firm and the investment advisor to the Longleaf Partners Funds, a suite of mutual funds and UCITS funds.
Thomas H. Forester is an American mutual fund manager. He was the only long-focused United States stock mutual fund manager to make a profit in 2008. He turned a profit in the third quarter of 2002, during the stock market downturn of 2002 and was first in his asset class year-to-date through November 1, 2004.
In finance, a stock index, or stock market index, is an index that measures a stock market, or a subset of the stock market, that helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.
Needham & Company is an independent investment bank and asset management firm specializing in advisory services and financings for growth companies. Needham & Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Needham Group, which also operates a private equity investment business and an investment management business.
Lord, Abbett & Co. LLC is an independent, privately-held investment management company headquartered in Jersey City, New Jersey. The firm offers a variety of fixed−income and equity strategies to individual and institutional investors. Lord Abbett has a global presence with offices in London, Dublin, Paris, Tokyo, and Montevideo.
Eugene A. Profit is an American investor, entrepreneur, philanthropist and former American football cornerback for the New England Patriots and Washington Redskins. He is the founder, president, CEO, and portfolio manager of Profit Investment Management, an investment management firm located in the Washington, DC metropolitan area.
Calamos Investments is a diversified global investment firm offering an array of investment strategies including active growth equity, risk managed, convertible, sustainable equity, fixed income and alternatives. The firm offers strategies through separately managed portfolios, mutual funds, closed-end funds, private funds, an exchange traded fund and UCITS funds. Clients include major corporations, pension funds, endowments, foundations and individuals, as well as the financial advisors and consultants who serve them. Headquartered in the Chicago metropolitan area, the firm also has offices in New York, San Francisco, Milwaukee and the Miami area.
Permanent Portfolio Family is an American mutual fund investment company founded in 1982. The company's products consist of four mutual funds. Its flagship fund, the Permanent Portfolio, is based on the investment strategies of Harry Browne.
Southeastern Asset Management is an employee-owned, global investment management firm founded in 1975 by O. Mason Hawkins and the investment advisor to the Longleaf Partners Funds, a suite of mutual funds and UCITS funds. Southeastern has approximately 60 employees worldwide, as of December 2013, and is headquartered in Memphis, Tennessee, with additional offices in London, England; Singapore; and Sydney, Australia. As of December 2013, the firm had $35 billion in assets under management.
M1 Finance is an American financial services company. Founded in 2015, the company offers a robo-advisory investment platform with brokerage accounts, digital checking accounts, and lines of credit. M1 offers an electronic trading platform for the trade of financial assets including common stocks, preferred stocks, fractional-share ownership, and exchange-traded funds. It provides margin lending, automatic rebalancing services, automatic dividend reinvestment services, and cash management services including debit cards. The company receives payment for order flow. The platform has over $6 billion in assets under management. M1's headquarters is located in Chicago, Illinois. As of November 2021, the company had over 500,000 members.
Style drift occurs when a mutual fund's actual and declared investment style differs. A mutual fund’s declared investment style can be found in the fund prospectus which investors commonly rely upon to aid their investment decisions. For most investors, they assumed that mutual fund managers will invest according to the advertised guidelines, this is however, not the case for a fund with style drift. Style drift is commonplace in today’s mutual fund industry, making no distinction between developed and developing markets according to studies in the United States by Brown and Goetzmann (1997) and in China as reported in Sina Finance.
References
- ↑ "Can Legg Mason Bounce Back?". Barron's.
- ↑ "Charles Royce". Consuelo Mack WealthTrack.
- ↑ "Royce's Goal: Safety First". Financial Advisor.
- ↑ "Legg Mason to Buy Royce & Associates". Los Angeles Times. 19 July 2001.
- ↑ "Willing to Wait". Barron's.