 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(December 2019) |
| Formation | 1947 |
|---|---|
| Dissolved | March 1950 |
Region | Crown Colony of Sarawak |
Rukun 13 or Rukun Tiga Belas (The Thirteen Pillars) is a defunct Sarawakian organisation that existed from 1947 until 1950. Rukun 13 was a secret cell organisation, composed of nationalists, which carried out assassinations of officers of the British colonial government in Sarawak.
This organisation was officially formed at the end of 1947 in opposition to the Cession to the United Kingdom in Sarawak. At first, the organisation had planned to kill the British Governor Sir Charles Noble Arden-Clarke but the plan never came to fruition. After Sir Arden-Clarke was transferred to the Gold Coast colony he was succeeded by Duncan George Stewart.
The objective of the group is to establish a union with the newly independent Indonesia. However, the British decided to keep this information a secret so as not to blame the assassination on Indonesian nationalists and provoke a full-scale war with Indonesia. [1]
After Duncan Stewart was fatally wounded by Rosli Dhobi and later died in Singapore General Hospital, the British arrested all Rukun 13 members by March 1950. The 2 main members of Rukun 13, Rosli Dhobi and Awang Rambli were sentenced to death together with 2 other people, Bujang Suntong and Morshidi Sidek who were not Rukun 13 members. The rest of the Rukun 13 members were jailed.
Sir Charles Noble Arden-Clarke was a British colonial administrator.
Personal names in Malaysia vary greatly according to ethno-cultural group. Personal names are, to a certain degree, regulated by the national registration department, especially since the introduction of the National Registration Identity Card (NRIC).
Anthony Walter Dayrell Brooke was appointed the Rajah Muda of Sarawak on 25 August 1937, by his uncle, Rajah Vyner of Sarawak, the third and last of the ruling White Rajahs.
Datu Patinggi Abang Haji Abdillah College is an elite coeducational day and boarding secondary school located in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. The school is a national secondary school, a government school in which Malay is the main medium of instruction.
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Saiful Rijal ibni Abdul Kahar, also spelled Saiful Rehal and Saiful Rizal, was the seventh Sultan of Brunei and ruled from 1533 to 1581. He was succeeded by his eldest son Shah Berunai. Its as during his reign, when the Castilian War occurred between empires of Brunei and the Spain. In addition to the Philippines, he was also renowned for spreading Islamic teachings throughout Borneo. According to folk tales about his palace being located on King's Island in Jerudong. The Sultan was also known as SultanLixar, and Sultan Nula Alan by the Spaniards.
Rosli Dhobi was a Sarawakian nationalist from Sibu of mixed Malay-Melanau descent during the British crown colony era in that state.
Dato Maharaja Lela or Lela Pandak Lam was a Malay chief from Perak. He was a leader who later led the struggle against the British in Perak. Together with other leaders such as Dato 'Sagor, he planned an alliance to assassinate James W. W. Birch, the British Resident of Perak. His decision was approved in a meeting at Durian Sebatang, chaired by Sultan Abdullah on 21 July 1875.
Dato Sri Haji Fadillah bin Haji Yusof is a Malaysian politician and lawyer currently serving as Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, and Minister of Plantation and Commodities since 2022. He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Petra Jaya since March 2004. He is the first DPM from Sarawak, one of the Borneo states in Malaysia and the second DPM not from the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) after Wan Azizah Wan Ismail from the People's Justice Party (PKR).
The Darjah Yang Amat Mulia Bintang Kenyalang Sarawak is the second highest order group of the orders, decorations, and medals of Sarawak. The order was instituted in 1970, and was redesigned in 1988. Two more ranks were added to the order: the 'Officer' in 1988 and the 'Companion' in 2002.
The anti-cession movement of Sarawak was a movement in Sarawak to fight against the British attempt to govern Sarawak as a crown colony rather than a protectorate ruled by the White Rajahs. The movement lasted from 1 July 1946 until March 1950.
The Crown Colony of Sarawak was a British Crown colony on the island of Borneo, established in 1946, shortly after the dissolution of the British Military Administration. It was succeeded as the state of Sarawak through the formation of the Federation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963.
Duncan George Stewart CMG was a British colonial administrator and governor. He was mortally wounded in an assassination on 3 December 1949, in Sibu, Sarawak.
Abdul Jalilul Akbar ibnu Muhammad Hasan, also known as Marhum Tua, was the 10th Sultan of Brunei. According to Jamil Al-Sufri's Tersilah Brunei, he was quoted being a wise ruler and quick to understand antics of his brother, Ibrahim Ali Omar Shah. Through his rule, Brunei saw the strengthening of ties between the Spanish Empire, which was heavily affected by the Castilian War. Moreover, it was only during his reign where the Sultan Hasan's Canons were fully implemented and used.
The Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum is a Royal Mausoleum of Perak located near Ubudiah Mosque at Bukit Chandan in Jalan Istana, Kuala Kangsar, Malaysia. The first Sultan of Perak buried here was Sultan Idris Murshidul Azzam Shah I in 1916.
Mohammad Hussain bin Mohammad Yusof was one of the earliest teachers in Brunei Darussalam. He became known as the pioneer for the establishment of the Brunei Malay Teacher's Training College.
The Distinguished Order of Meritorious Service is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country.
The Most Esteemed Family Order of Laila Utama is an order of Brunei. It was established on 1 March 1954 by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. The order carries the post-nominal letters "DK" as well as the title "Dato Laila Utama".
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